Term
White Blood Cell (WBC)
State normal range for adult >2 years |
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Definition
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Term
White Blood Cell Count
Is the count higher or lower for a child < 2 years or a newborn |
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Definition
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Term
White Blood Cell (WBC)
State critical values |
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Definition
| Answer: < 2500 or > 30,000 |
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Term
White Blood Cell (WBC)
Name the five components of DIFFERENTIAL COUNT |
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Definition
Answer: Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinphils, Basophils
Memory hint: I've had my phil of cyteseeing. |
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Term
White Blood Cell (WBC)
Which body system is being tested when counting WBCs? |
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Definition
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Term
White Blood Cell (WBC)
Name the condition of increased WBC count |
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Definition
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Term
White Blood Cell (WBC)
Name the condition of decreased WBC count |
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Definition
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Term
Red Blood Cell (RBC)
State normal range for adult >18 years |
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Definition
| Answer: Male 4.7-6.1; Female 4.2-5.4 |
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Term
Hematocrit (HCT)
State normal range for adult |
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Definition
| Answer: Male 42-52%; Female 37-42% |
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Term
Hematocrit (HCT)
State critical values |
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Definition
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Term
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
State normal range for adult > 18 yrs |
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Definition
| Answer: Male 14-18; Female 12-16 |
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Term
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
State critical values |
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Definition
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Term
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
May be increased for which of the following: a) Elderly, b) Heavy smokers, or c) Pregnant women d) All of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Platets
State normal range for Adult/Elderly/Child |
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Definition
| Answer: 150,000 - 400,000 |
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Term
Platelets
May be increased for which of the following: a) Estrogen, b) Higher altitudes, c) Oral contraceptives, or d) All of the above |
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Definition
| Answer: d) All of the above |
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Term
Electrolytes
State the normal Potassium (K) range for an adult |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
State the normal Sodium(Na) range for an Adult/Elderly/
Child |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
State the critical values for Sodium (Na) |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
State the normal Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)range for an adult |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
State the critical Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) value for an adult |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
State the crtical Creatine value for an adult |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
State the normal Creatine range for an adult |
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Definition
| Answer: Male 0.6 - 1.2; Female 0.5 - 1.1 |
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Term
Electrolytes
State the critical values for Potassium(K) |
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Definition
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Term
Red Blood Cell (RBC)
Name the condition of increased RBC |
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Definition
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Term
Red Blood Cell (RBC)
Name the condition of decreased RBC |
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Definition
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Term
Platelets
State the purpose for platelet testing |
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Definition
| Answer: Blood clotting factor |
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Term
Electrolytes
Kayexalate®
(sodium polystyrene sulfonate)is administered for what purpose? How does it work? |
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Definition
| Answer: Reduces potassium levels in the body via induced bowel movement. |
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Term
Electrolytes
Name the condition of increased Potassium (K) levels |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
Name the condition of decreased Potassium (K) levels |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
Which body system is being evaluated when testing Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) levels? |
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Definition
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Term
Platelets
Name the term for sticky platelets |
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Definition
| Answer: Platelet aggregation |
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Term
Glucose
State the normal range for fasting Finger Stick Blood Sugar (FSBS) |
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Definition
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Term
Glucose
Define the term fasting |
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Definition
| Answer: No caloric intake for at least 8 hours |
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Term
Glucose
State HgA1c value range for FAIR diabetic control |
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Definition
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Term
Glucose
State HgA1c value for GOOD diabetic control |
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Definition
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Term
Glucose
State HgA1c value for POOR diabetic control |
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Definition
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Term
Glucose
HgA1c is an abbreviation for what term? |
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Definition
| Answer: Glycosylated hemoglobin |
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Term
NCLEX
An adult client with a critically high potassium level has received sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). The nurse determines that the medication has brought potassium level back into normal range when the serum potassium level is:
a) 3.3 mEq/L
b) 4.9 mEq/L
c) 5.8 mEq/L
d) 6.2 mEq/L |
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Definition
Answer: b) 4.9 mEq/L
Rationale: Normal range is 3.5-5 mEq/L
Ref: pg 112 |
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Term
NCLEX
A client with diabetes mellitus has a sample drawn for the determination of fasting blood glucose level. The nurse identifies which of the following results as a critical value?
a) 150 mg/dL
2) 200 mg/dL
c) 220 mg/dL
d) 340 mg/dL |
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Definition
Answer: d) 340 mg/dL
Rationale: Critical value is > 300 mg/dL
Ref: pg. 112 |
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Term
NCLEX
An adult male client has had lab work done as part of a routine physical exam. The nurse determines that the client may have a mild degree of renal deficiency if which of the following serum creatine levels is found?
a) 0.6 mg/dL
b) 1.1 mg/dL
c) 1.9 mg/dL
d) 3.5 mg/dL |
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Definition
Answer: c) 1.9 mg/dL
Rationale: 0.6-1.3 mg/dL is normal range for adult male; 3.5mg/dL may indicate acute or chronic renal failure. Note that our power point has > 4mg/dL as the CRITICAL value.
Ref: pg. 112 |
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Term
Electrolytes
Name the condition of increased Sodium (Na) levels |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
Name the condition of decreased Sodium (Na) levels |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
Name the condition of increased platelet levels |
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Definition
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Term
Electrolytes
Name the condition of decreased platelet levels |
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Definition
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Term
Coagulation Studies
Expand the abbreviations PT & INR |
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Definition
| Answer: Prothrombin Time & International Normalized Ration |
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Term
Coagulation Studies
State the normal ranges for PT & INR |
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Definition
Answer: PT = 11 - 12.5 seconds
INR = 0.8 - 1.1 ratio
Special note: NCLEX book pg. 102 has gender specific values for PT! |
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Term
Coagulation Studies
What do PT & INR tests evaluate? |
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Definition
Answer: Blood clotting mechanism
(uses TIME and RATIO as the criteria) |
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Term
Coagulation Studies
State the critical values for PT & INR |
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Definition
Answer: PT = > 20 seconds
INR = > 5.5 ratio |
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Term
Coagulation Studies
Alchohol affects PT/INR by diminishing:
a) Liver function
b) Hippocampus function
c) Kidney function
d) Gastrointestinal function |
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Definition
| Answer: a) Liver function |
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Term
Arterial Blood Gas (ABGs)
State the normal values for pH, pCO2 & HCO3 |
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Definition
Answer: pH = 7.35 -7.45
pCO2 = 35 -45
HCO3 = 21-28 |
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Term
Arterial Blood Gas (ABGs)
State the critical values for pH, pCO2 & HCO3 |
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Definition
Answer: pH = < 7.25 or > 7.55
pCO2 = < 20 or > 60
HCO3 = < 15 or > 40 |
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Term
Arterial Blood Gas (ABGs)
Expand the abbreviation HCO3 |
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Definition
| Answer: Bicarbonate ions (alkaline) |
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Term
Arterial Blood Gas (ABGs)
Expand the abbreviation pCO2 |
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Definition
| Answer: Partially pressurized carbon dioxide (acid) |
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Term
NCLEX
The nurse is told that the blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.55 and a Pco2 of 30 mm Hg. The nurse determines that the results indicate:
a) Metabolic acidosis
b) Metabolic alkalosis
c) Respiratory acidosis
d) Respiratory alkalosis |
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Definition
Answer: d) Respiratory alkalosis
Rationale: In a respiratory condition, an opposite relationship will be seen between the pH and the Pco2.
Ref: pg. 97 |
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Term
NCLEX
The RN reviews the results of the ABGs with the LPN and informs that the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis. The LPN would expect to note which of the following on the lab result form?
a) pH 7.50, Pco2 52mm Hg
b) pH 7.35, Pco2 40mm Hg
c) pH 7.25, Pc02 50mm Hg
d) pH 7.50, Pco2 30mm Hg |
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Definition
Answer: c) pH 7.25, Pco2 50mm Hg
Rationale: In respiratory acidosis, the pH is down and the Pco2 is up. Option c) is the only option that meets this criteria.
Ref: pg 98 |
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Term
Arterial Blood Gas (ABGs)
If the pH and Bicarbonate (HCO3)are BOTH increased (or decreased), the resulting alkalosis (or acidosis) is:
a) Metabolic
b) Respiratory |
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Definition
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Term
Coagulation Studies
Expand the abbreviation PTT |
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Definition
| Answer: Partial Thromboplastin Time |
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Term
Coagulation Studies
State the normal range for PTT |
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Definition
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Term
Coagulation Studies
State the critical value for PTT |
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Definition
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Term
NCLEX
A nurse is administering blood to a patient who has a low hemoglobin count. The patient asks how long to RBC’s last in my body? The correct response is:
a) The life span of RBC is 45 days.
b) The life span of RBC is 60 days.
c) The life span of RBC is 90 days.
d) The life span of RBC is 120 days. |
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Definition
| Answer: d) The life span of RBC is 120 days |
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Term
Memory Tip (No Question)
pH 7.35-7.45. This is a good one to start with, because a couple of
others are "35-45". I visualize the litmus paper and remember acid is
under 7, base is over.
So then Pco2 is 35-45.
Then Na++ is 135-145.
Ok, that't it for the 35-45 crew. |
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Definition
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Term
Memory Tip (No Question)
Bicarb is 22-26. A friend told me "I
couldn't drink Bacardi until I was 21" Bicarb at 22-26. That was just
enough to get me to remember it. |
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Definition
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Term
Memory Tip
Here's one of my own. Hot dogs and buns never seem to have the same number in a package. You always have to buy extra buns. Next thing you know, you got 10-20 buns on hand. BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen). |
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Definition
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Term
Memory tip (No Question)
Probably the best known source of potassium (K) is bananas. When you buy bananas, they come 3,4, or 5 each to a bunch. The normal range for potassium is 3.5-5.0. |
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Definition
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