Term
| What is the Quantum leap or atomic spectra process? |
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Definition
| electrons absorb energy and jump up to the excited state -- the release energy as light (colors) and jump down to a lower level |
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Term
| What kind of elements are involved in IONIC bonding? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to electrons in IONIC bonds? |
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Definition
| electrons are transferred |
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Term
| What are properties of IONIC materials? |
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Definition
| good conductors when dissolved in water, high melting point |
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Term
| What are ANIONS and how are they made? |
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Definition
| Anions are negative ions and they are made when nonmetals gain electrons Anions are bigger than neutral atoms b/c they gain e- |
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Term
| What are CATIONS and how are they made? |
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Definition
| Cations are positive ions and they are made when metals lose electrons Cations are smaller than neutral atoms b/c they lose e- |
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Term
| What kind of elements are involved in COVALENT bonding? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to electrons in Covalent bonds? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two kinds of Covalent bonding and how are they different? |
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Definition
| Covalent Polar bonds share e- unevenly, Covalent NonPolar Bonds share e- evenly. Polar substance have partial charges and can dissolve in water. Nonpolar substances have no change and cannot dissolve in water. |
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Term
| Examples of Covalent Polar substances |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of Covalent NonPolar Substances |
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Definition
| Carbon dioxide, hexane, oil |
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Term
| What are properties of Covalent substances? |
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Definition
| poor conductors, low melting points |
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Term
| What is Metallic Bonding? |
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Definition
| when a metal (metals) lose e- into a sea of e-. These free moving e- allow metals to be good conductors of electricity. |
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Term
| What type of matter are Elements? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are elements made of ? Can they be decomposed? |
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Definition
| only one type of atom . and they cannot be decomposed |
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Term
| What type of matter are Compounds/Molecules? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are compounds/molecules made? |
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Definition
| two or more different atoms bond together |
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Term
| Can compounds be decomposed? |
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Definition
| yes, they can chemically decomposed |
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Term
| What are the two types of mixtures? |
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Definition
| heterogeneous and homogeneous |
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Term
| How are mixtures different? |
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Definition
| heterogeneous is visibly different, but homogeneous looks the same throughout |
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Term
| What type of bond is involved in compounds with Polyatomic Ions? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you tell if it's an acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you tell if it's a base? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for ammonia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of matter are sollutions? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the substance that gets dissolved |
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Term
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Definition
| the substance that does the dissolving |
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Term
| How can you see the difference between unsaturated, saturated, supersaturated on the graph? |
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Definition
| unsaturated is "under" the curve, saturated is "on" the curve, supersaturated is "above" the curve |
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Term
| When do you use distillation? |
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Definition
| to separate 2 or more liquids that have different boiling points |
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Term
| How can crude oil be separated? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When should you filter something? |
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Definition
| to separate a solid from a liquid |
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Term
| How can density separate things? |
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Definition
| heavy/moredense things sink and the lighter/lessdense things float |
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Term
| What 3 things affect the RATE of solubility? |
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Definition
| stirring, crushing/surface area, temperature |
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Term
| What 3 thing affect how much dissolves? |
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Definition
| type of substance, pressure (if it's a gas), temperature |
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Term
| How does increased temperature effect the solubility of gases? |
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Definition
| it decreases, the curve goes down |
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Term
| How does increased temperature effect the solubility of solids/liquids? |
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Definition
| it increases, the curve goes up -ex. hot tea dissolve more sugar than iced tea |
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Term
| What are the 3 states/phases of matter? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you name IONIC compounds? |
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Definition
| Use (roman numerals) and it ends in "IDE" |
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Term
| How do you name COVALENT molecules? |
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Definition
| Use PREfixes like 1-mono, 2-di, 3-tri, 4-tetra, 5-pent, 6-hex... |
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Term
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Definition
| if it starts with H , look it up on Table K |
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Term
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Definition
| if it ends in OH, look it up on Table L |
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Term
| How do you name compounds with POLYATOMICS? |
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Definition
| Use table E polyatomic ion chart |
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Term
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Definition
| CRISS CROSS method, OR BALANCE the charges method |
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