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Mr. Williams - Earth & Environmental Science
Earth Science Final Exam
58
Science
10th Grade
05/16/2013

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Cards

Term
Who had the greatest influence on the modern US space program?
Definition
von Braun
Term
Who has been called the Father of Modern Rocketry?
Definition
Goddard
Term
What is the best explanation for how a rocket works?
Definition
action-reaction forces
Term
Telescopes that use mirrors to collect incoming light are called?
Definition
refracting
Term
Based on what the Bible has to say about Creation, the probability of discovering intelligent aliens with souls through scientific studies like SETI is?
Definition
none
Term
Of what is the Milky Way an example?
Definition
galaxy
Term
Which pair of elements makes up the bulk of most stars, including our sun?
Definition
He and H
Term
The distance that light travels in a year is a(n)...
Definition
light year
Term
The asteroid "belt" lies between...
Definition
Mars and Jupiter
Term
The Jovian planets are distinct from the other planets in the solar system because they are composed mostly of...
Definition
solid gases
Term
The brightest planet as viewed from Earth is...
Definition
Venus
Term
Why does the moon have a very thin atmosphere?
Definition
too little mass
Term
Sever solar storms that can disrupt telecommunications on Earth are called...
Definition
solar flare
Term
Of what gas is the sun mostly composed?
Definition
H
Term
What is the most important greenhouse gas in the atmosphere?
Definition
H2O
Term
What is the name for the large chunks of ice that break off continental glaciers and float in the sea?
Definition
iceberg
Term
What are seasonal winds that bring heavy precipitation?
Definition
monsoon
Term
What two factors make a tornado so destructive?
Definition
high winds, updraft
Term
True tornadoes in Tornado Alley often form within strong, rotating cloud systems called...
Definition
supercells
Term
Lightning, tornadoes, and thunderstorms are all associated with a single __________ cloud.
Definition
cumulonimbus
Term
A "hook" appearing in the Doppler radar image of a severe storm is often the sign of a...
Definition
tornado
Term
An instrument used to remotely measure precipitation and wind speeds in storms is a(n)...
Definition
doppler radar
Term
What kind of instrument measures atmospheric pressure?
Definition
barometer
Term
The scientific study of the atmosphere is known as...
Definition
meteorology
Term
The gas called ozone is composed of...
Definition
three atoms oxygen
Term
The atmosphere was formed by...
Definition
God (Genesis 4:6-8)
Term
A layer of rock that directs groundwater from one place to another is a(n)...
Definition
aquifer
Term
What percentage of the earth's fresh water is groundwater?
Definition
96?
Term
What is the world's longest river?
Definition
the Nile
Term
Ultimately, streams west of the North American Great Divide drain into the...
Definition
Pacific Ocean
Term
The ________ contain most of the life on Earth.
Definition
oceans
Term
Who was inspired by the Psalms to make accurage wind and current charts, earning himself the nickname "Pathfinder of the Seas"?
Definition
Matthew Fontaine Maury
Term
What is the major warm current located in the West Atlantic Ocean?
Definition
the Gulf Stream
Term
How many tides do most coasts experience in a typical 24-hour period?
Definition
two
Term
What is the most abundant salt found in ocean water?
Definition
sodium chloride Nace
Term
Which ocean covers the largest percentage of the earth's surface?
Definition
the Pacific
Term
The formation of a delta is most closely related to the process of...
Definition
deposition
Term
What climate condition is most favorable to weathering?
Definition
moist
Term
Nearly half of the electrical power plants in the United States use this fuel.
Definition
coal
Term
An overwhelming majority of fossils are...
Definition
marine (of the oceans)
Term

The young-earth view of historical geology concludes that

-only a tiny fraction of the secular rock cycle could have occurred since the beginning of the world.

-the world was not designed to recycle rocks

-subduction of sedimentary rocks likely resulted from a brief but catastrophic period in the earth's history.

-all of the above are consistent with a young-earth view of geologic history

Definition
-all of the above are consistent with a young-earth view of geologic history
Term
Why are igneous rocks like granite and basalt often used for statues and important buildings?
Definition
They resist weathering.
Term
What is the best metallic conductor of electricity?
Definition
silver (Ag)
Term
A dark mineral sample attracts iron filings. You could conclude that the mineral is...
Definition
magnetic
Term
Volcanoes are made of _________ rocks.
Definition
igneous
Term
What is a rapid downhill movement of hot, solid, volcanic particles suspended in steam?
Definition
pyroclastic flow
Term
What is the mountain with the highest elevation east of the Mississippi River in North America?
Definition
Mount Mitchell
Term
What is the differences of land elevations in a region?
Definition
topography
Term
What is an ocean wave caused by an earthquake?
Definition
tsunami
Term
What are three things that can cause an earthquake?
Definition

fault skipping

volcanoes

avalanches

meteorite impacts

Term
Circular reasoning is a logical error committed by scientists who use _______ fossils to date rock layers.
Definition
index
Term
Secular geologists believe Pangaea was made of many _________ plates.
Definition
continental
Term
North, south, east, and west are known as the ________ directions.
Definition
cardinal
Term
What does the moon's gravity produce on earth?
Definition
tides
Term
The earth's crust is made up of large divisions known as?
Definition
techtonic plates
Term
A(n) _______ is a simplified image that models a part of the earth's surface.
Definition
map
Term
By definition, a force is...
Definition
a push or a pull
Term
Matter is defined as anything that has ________ and occupies _______.
Definition
mass, space
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