Term
|
Definition
| Drug that causes dilation of blood vessels and lowers blood pressure, prevents heart attacks, strokes, and congestive heart failure. ACE stands for angiotensin-converting enzyme, which normally constricts blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex; decreased secretion of aldosterone and cortisol producing hyperpigmentation (bronzing of skin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration (dementia) with personality changes and impairment of daily functioning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of scoring an infant's physical condition 1 and 5 minutes after birth. Heart rate, respiration, color, muscle tone, and response to stimuli each are rated 0, 1, or 2. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a lymphocyte that originates in bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of BNP (brain natriuretic peptide) in blood. This test identifies patients at risk for major complications after MI and with CHF. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an extensor (dorsiflexion) movement of the great toe with fanning of the other toes when the outer sole of the foot is stroked from the heel forward. All toes bend downward normally. Indication of CNS abnormality. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| small mucus-secreting exocrine glands at the vaginal orifice (opening to outside the body) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subcutaneous blood over the mastoid. Evidenced as bruising behind and below the ear. Suggests basal skull fracture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unilateral paralysis of the face caused by a disorder of the facial nerve |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| speech center located in the frontal lobe of the dominant cerebral hemisphere. Injury here produces inability to talk, even though the person knows what he/she wants to say. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| protein marker test to detect ovarian cancer cells in blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| helper T cells that carry the CD4+ protein antigen on their surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood test for carcinoembryonic antigen (marker for GI cancer) |
|
|
Term
| Cheyne-Stokes respirations |
|
Definition
| rhythmic changes in the depth of breathing. The pattern occurs every 45 seconds to 3 minutes. Cause may be heart failure or brain damage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (STD) bacteria (Chlamydia trachomatis) invade the urethra and reproductive tract in men and women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| broken bone occurring in the wrist at the lower end of the radius |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract (terminal ileum and colon); a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex; obesity, hyperglycemia, excess fat deposition in the body and face (moon face). Most cases result from prolonged administration of steroids |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| method of focusing sound waves on blood vessels to measure blood flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chromosomal abnormality results in mental retardation, retarded growth, a flat face with a short nose, low-set ears, and slanted eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in blood. This is a screening test for AIDS. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant bone tumor occurring in children; often involving the entire shaft of a long bone |
|
|
Term
| Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
|
Definition
| Governmental agency having the legal responsibility for deciding whether a drug may be distributed and sold, and charged with enforcing proper drug manufacture and clinical use. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyperfuctioning of the thyroid gland; thyrotoxicosis. This is the most common type of hyperthyroidism with exophthalmos often present. Condition is treated via antithyroid drugs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue in the spleen and lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compact version of an electrocardiogram is worn during a 24-hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The most complete and up-to-date listing, which gives information about the characteristics of drugs and their clinical usage (application to patient care) as approved by that particular hospital. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary (choreic) movements and mental deterioration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic, recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgias, malaise, neurologic and cardiac symptoms caused by a deer tick |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endolymph (fluid) pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood test that measures levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) related to prostate cancer |
|
|
Term
| Parkinson disease (parkinsonism) |
|
Definition
| degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement |
|
|
Term
| Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) |
|
Definition
| privately published reference with several different indices to identify drugs, along with precautions, warnings about side effects and information about the recommended dosage and administration of each drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis in fingers and toes caused by blood vessel spasms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antigen (protein) on red blood cells of Rh positive individuals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a test of balance (cerebellar function). Patient loses balance when standing erect, feet together, and eyes closed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator that increases bone mineral density and decreases cholesterol levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lymphocyte originating in the thymus gland and destroys antigens by direct action or production of cytokines such as interferons and interleukins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements; uncontrolled vocal sounds; and inappropriate words |
|
|
Term
| United States Pharmacopeia (USP) |
|
Definition
| independent review committee that publishes an authoritative list of drugs, formulas, and preparations that sets a standard for drug manufacturing and dispensing. Approved drugs are tested for safety, effectiveness, and purity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area of the body between the chest and pelvis region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area of the body between the chest and pelvis (hip region) |
|
|
Term
| abdominal ultrasonography |
|
Definition
| sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera. Especially useful for examination of fluid-filled structures like the gallbladder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle movement away from the midline of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle that leads a limb away from the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of a body part or the destruction of its function, as by a surgical procedure or morbid process, or the presence or application of a noxious substance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spontaneous or induced termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus can exist on its own |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| premature separation of the implanted placenta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a walled-off area of infection that can be difficult to penetrate with antibiotics. Surgical draining of an abscess usually is necessary. |
|
|
Term
| absence seizure (petit mall seizure) |
|
Definition
| minor form of seizure, consisting of momentary clouding of consciousness and loss of awareness of surroundings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rounded depression or socket in the pelvis, which joins the femur forming the hip joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends (synapses) of nerve cells; chemical found in myoneural space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited disorder in which the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size due to a disorder of cartilage formation in the fetus; achondroplastic dwarf |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign tumor arising from the acoustic nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen |
|
|
Term
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
|
Definition
| depression or suppression of the immune system after exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); marked by opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurologic problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlargement of extremities due to increased secretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thickened area of epidermis associated with aging and skin damage due to sun exposure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having a rapid onset, severe symptoms and a short duration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consequences of plaque rupture in coronary arteries; unstable angina and myocardial infarction (heart attack) |
|
|
Term
| acute lymphocytic leukemia |
|
Definition
| malignant, immature lymphocytes multiply in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system |
|
|
Term
| acute myelogenous leukemia |
|
Definition
| malignant, immature granulocytes called myeloblasts multiply in the bone marrow and bloodstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical and psychologic dependence on and craving for a drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle movement toward the midline of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle that leads a limb toward the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancerous tumor of glandular tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased development of adenoids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small masses of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx close to the nasal passageway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor of a gland. Benign tumors of epithelial or glandular origin are usually designated by this term. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease condition of glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to (or full of) fat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assisting primary treatment. Drugs are given early in the course of treatment, along with surgery or radiation to attack cancer cells that may be too small to be detected by diagnostic techniques. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endocrine glands above the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inner section of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive secretion of adrenal androgens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of an adrenal gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure |
|
|
Term
| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (adrenocorticotropin) |
|
Definition
| secretion from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the adrenal cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease of the adrenal gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| particles of drug suspended in air |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carry messages toward the brain and spinal cord (sensory nerves) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining absence of voluntary movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individual lacking normal body pigment (melanin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protein found in blood that maintains the proper amount of water in blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aldosterone (mineralocorticoid) |
|
Definition
| secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases sodium reabsorption by kidney tubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| synthetic chemicals containing alkyl groups that interfere with DNA synthesis used in cancer chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity in a body; an antigen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen (allergen) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an idiopathic condition in which hair falls out in patches |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a small sac or alveolus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an individualized section of an air sac in the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduced vision (poor eyesight) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of menstrual flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| building blocks of proteins, produced when proteins are digested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluid from the amnion sac surrounding embryo and fetus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid contained within the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central nervous system stimulant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue |
|
|
Term
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
|
Definition
| degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the lateral columns of the spinal cord and brainstem. Also known as Lou Gehrig disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of building up or synthesizing substances (such as proteins) in a cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of sensitivity to pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that selectively suppress pain without producing sedation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separation of a substance into various parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered drug or to a foreign protein (antigen) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of differentiation of cells; reversion to a more primitive cell type |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of orderly arrangement; variation in size and shape |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical procedure that creates a new opening between two previously unconnected tubular organs or parts of the same organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| male hormone secreted by the testes, responsible for developing and maintaining male secondary sex characteristics. Testosterone is an example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease in hemoglobin in the blood caused by deficiency of red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital condition of partial or complete absence of brain matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of nervous feeling or sensation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that reduces or eliminates nervous sensation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlarged, weakened area in an arterial wall, which may rupture, leading to hemorrhage and CVA (stroke) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chest pain associated with myocardial ischemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
process of forming new blood vessels
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray image of blood vessels after injecting contrast material into the vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of a blood vessel by inserting a catheter and balloon to enlarge opening |
|
|
Term
| angiotensin II receptor antagonist |
|
Definition
| drug that lowers blood pressure by preventing angiotensin from acting on receptors in blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inequality in the size of the pupils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inequality in the size of red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic inflammatory joint disease involving the backbones; marked by stiffness and eventual fusion of involved joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of stiffening and immobility (fusion) of a joint due to disease, injury, or surgical procedure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital absence of one or both testes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of the sense of smell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not accompanied by ovulation (release of eggs from the ovary) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of oxygen in body tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that works against acid in the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| combination of two drugs gives less than the sum of the effects of each together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the front (ventral) side of a structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space behind the cornea and in front of the lens and iris; contains aqueous humor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in this AP x-ray view, x-rays travel from an anteriorly placed source to a posteriorly placed detector (x-ray beam passes from the front to the back of the body) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs; black lung disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer disease (Aricept) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that slows the uptake of androgens or interferes with their effect in tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that prevents chest pain due to ischemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that treats abnormal heart rhythms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs used to cure infections by killing pathogenic bacteria such as those that cause bacterial meningitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protein made by white blood cells in response to foreign substances (antigens) in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that block acetylcholine, used to treat myasthenia gravis, Parkinson disease, and motion sickness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance or drug that prevents blood clotting - example: Coumadin (warfarin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that prevents convulsions and seizures (Dilantin) |
|
|
Term
| anticonvulsant-antiepileptic drugs |
|
Definition
| drugs used to suppress seizures by changing the permeability of the neuron cell membrane so that it does not depolarize so readily. Used to treat tonic-clonic and absence seizures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that relieves symptoms of depression (Prozac) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug given to prevent or treat diabetes mellitus. Type I - receive daily injections of insulin. Type II - non-insulin dependent; oral antidiabetic drugs used |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that prevents diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| antidiuretic hormone (ADH), vasopressin |
|
Definition
| secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes water reabsorption by the kidney and decreases production of urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that prevents nausea and vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs used to treat fungal infections. In the respiratory system, oral or intravenous drugs are used to treat lung infections. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance (protein) that stimulates the production of antibodies |
|
|
Term
| antiglobulin test (Coombs test) |
|
Definition
| test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes; determines presence of antibodies in infants of Rh-negative women with autoimmune hemolytic anema; Coombs test |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that blocks the action of histamine at the target organ and helps prevent symptoms of allergy (Zyrtec, Benadryl) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that reduces blood pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals that prevent cell division by inhibiting formation of substances necessary to make DNA; used in cancer chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that block mitosis (cell division). Taxol is an antimitotic used to treat breast and ovarian cancers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that relieves nausea and vomiting; antiemetic |
|
|
Term
| antinuclear antibody test |
|
Definition
| detects an antibody present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
drugs used to prevent bone loss such as bisphosphonates (Fosamax), or Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM) that are hormone-like drugs used to increase bone formation (Evista)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson disease by increasing the amount of dopamine in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together and form a clot (Plavix) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that acts against itching (pruritus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs used to treat agitation in the elderly with dementia and schizophrenia. Also called neuroleptics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of microorganisms to prevent infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance produced against a toxin (poison); an antibody |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that inhibit the spread or progress of tuberculosis in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that inhibits the secretion of acid by cells lining the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that acts against viruses such as herpes virus and HIV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suppression of urine formation by the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest artery in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uppermost portion of the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of the lens of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motor and sensory language disturbances caused by brain lesions but not those caused by mental defects, disturbances in sense organs or paralysis of muscles needed for speech. There are many types. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| withdrawal and separation of blood elements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers. Commonly called canker sores; its cause is unknown. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the tip of an organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| failure of blood cell production due to aplasia (absence of formation) of bone marrow cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| without breathing, stoppage of breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital areas. It secretes sweat that, in action with bacteria, is responsible for human body odor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| programmed cell death. Normal cells undergo apoptosis when damaged or aging. Some cancer cells have lost the ability to undergo apoptosis, and they live forever. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal or excision of the appendix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the appendix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blind pouch hanging from the cecum (RLQ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to carry out purposeful, learned, voluntary actions although there is no paralysis present. Involves association areas of the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in the anterior chamber of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| middle layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dark-pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that reduces estrogen in the blood by blocking the enzyme aromatase. Used to starve breast tumors of estrogen supply in postmenopausal women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| without rhythm; an irregular beat of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical connection between two arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray recording of arteries; contrast is injected |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hardening of an artery with a collection of fatty mass resulting in the thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| communication between an artery and vein is created surgically to provide access for hemodialysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest type of blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical fusion of a joint to eliminate movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray imaging of a joint after injection of contrast material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of a joint (with prostheses); total hip replacement and total knee replacement are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the inside of joint with an endoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin layer of cartilage surrounding bones in the joint space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a connection between bones; joint |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of asbestos fiber particles in the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| failure in male sperm cells (spermatozoa) production as well as ejaculation of semen (fluid and sperm cells) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| deficient oxygen and increased carbon dioxide in the bloodstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drawing in or out as by suction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic inflammation disorder, characterized by airway obstruction and caused by bronchial edema, bronchoconstriction, and increased mucus production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal curvature of the eyeball so that rays of light are not focused on a single point on the retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of glial (neurologic) cell that transports water and salts from capillaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of astrocytes (glial brain cells) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial or complete inability to coordinate voluntary movements, many different types associated with specific areas of pathology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of plaque (lipids and clots) that accumulate in the lining of an artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mass of fatty plaque that collects in an artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form of arteriosclerosis in which fatty plaque deposits in the interior lining of an artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intense allergic reaction (such as asthma) influenced by hereditary tendency or predisposition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of a normal opening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to an atrium (upper chamber of the heart) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrical impulses move randomly throughout the atria, causing the atria to quiver instead of contracting with a normal rhythm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| failure of conduction of impulses from the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle and ventricles of the heart |
|
|
Term
| atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) |
|
Definition
| specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting impulses between them; bundle of His |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the sino-atrial node (pacemaker) through the atrioventricular node and atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) toward the ventricles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| upper chamber of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wasting away (lack of development) of a normally developed organ or tissue (especially muscle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| record of hearing using an audiometer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument to measure or test hearing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of testing hearing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| channel leading from the ear flap to the eardrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opening of the auditory canal to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carry impulses from the inner ear to the cerebral cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| channel between the middle ear and the throat; eustachian tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| peculiar sensation experienced by some persons with epilepsy before onset of an actual seizure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of a stethoscope to listen for sounds emanating from the heart or other organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antibodies that are produced against an individual's own normal cells; chronic disabling disease caused by the abnormal production of antibodies to normal body tissues; multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal and then reinfusion of a patient's own blood or blood components |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| examination of a body after death (postmortem) to determine the cause of death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to under the arm or armpit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of live spermatozoa in the semen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess of nitrogenous waste products in the blood; uremia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rod-shaped bacteria that are the cause of tuberculosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to killing bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to inhibiting bacterial growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the glans penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that act by inhibiting conduction of nerve impulses to the cortex of the brain and depressing motor areas of the brain to produce sedation (sleep). Some barbiturates also possess an anticonvulsant action and are used to treat seizures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin cancer arising from cells in the basal layer of the epidermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower layer of cells in the epidermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the lower portion of the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped nuceus and cytoplasm containing blue granules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| noncancerous growth (neoplasm) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minor tranquilizers to control minor symptoms of anxiety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| test for the presence of a portion of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (a marker for testicular cancer) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blocks the action of epinephrine (adrenaline) on the heart and blood vessels. Produces vasodilation which lowers blood pressure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having two sides that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly like part of a sphere. The lens of the eye is biconvex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branching or forking into two parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to both or two sides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision or removal of both ovaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It breaks up (emulsifies) large fat globules. It is composed of bile pigments, cholesterol, and bile salts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to bile or bile ducts. Bile ducts empty bile into the small intestine (duodenum). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital absence of the opening from the common bile duct into small intestine (duodenum) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| orange-yellow pigment found in bile. It is released from the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die |
|
|
Term
| biological response modifier |
|
Definition
| substances produced by normal cells that either directly block tumor growth or stimulate the immune system to fight cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of the body's own defenses to destroy tumor cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of life (living organisms) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of removing a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that prevents bone loss in osteoporosis and osteopenia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| device enabling ventricles to beat together (in synchrony) so that more blood is pumped out of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to an immature cell (as in glioblastoma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of an eyelid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prolapse of the upper eyelid; ptosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood cells or whole blood from a closely-matched donor are infused into a patient |
|
|
Term
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) |
|
Definition
| measurement of urea levels in blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low energy x-rays are taken of bones in the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist to determine bone density; also called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| needle aspiration of a small amount of bone marrow followed by examination under a microscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone marrow tissue is infused intravenously into a patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a radioactive (technetium-99m) phosphate compound is injected intravenously and bones are scanned for evidence of tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract. Plural form is borborygmi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artery that carries blood to the arm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| placement of radioactive material (small sealed containers) in contact with or implanted into tumor tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slow heart beat, usually less than 60 beats per minute |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal slowness of physical movement, especially as an effect of Parkinson disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal growth of brain tissue and meninges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. The pons and medulla oblongata are part of the brainstem. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| commercial name for a drug; trade or trademark name |
|
|
Term
| bronchial alveolar lavage |
|
Definition
| irrigation or washing of a bronchus by injecting fluid through a bronchoscope and then removing it to analyze the contents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal widening of the bronchial tubes or their branches |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a bronchiole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of bronchial tubes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that dilates (widens) bronchial tubes and relieves bronchospasm; by relaxing the smooth muscle of the bronchi, thereby increasing airflow. Used to treat asthma, emphysema, COPD, and exercise-induced bronchospasm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to originating in the bronchial tubes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a bronchial tube and pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal connection between the bronchial tube and the pleural cavity, causing air to leak into the pleural space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the bronchial tubes using an endoscope or bronchoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden involuntary contraction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchial tubes; occurs in asthma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branch of the trachea that leads towards the air sacs of the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard on auscultation of an artery or an organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mucous membrane lining the cheek |
|
|
Term
| bulbourethral gland (Cowper gland) |
|
Definition
| one of a pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal swelling of the joint between the big toe and a bone of the foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sac of fluid between tendons and bones near a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a bursa surrounding a joint |
|
|
Term
| cachexia (adj. cachectic) |
|
Definition
| general ill health (muscle wasting and weight loss) associated with severe, chronic disease, such as cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central nervous system stimulant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the calcaneus (heel bone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the mineral constituents of bone; necessary for proper bone development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that stops entrance of calcium into muscle of the heart and blood vessels. This lowers blood pressure and restores normal heart rhythm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a calyx (cup-shapped collecting chamber in the central portion of the kidney) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dilation or widening of a calyx. This occurs when urine is backed up in the kidney as in hydronephrosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hard, thickened area of skin occurring in areas of the body exposed to friction or pressure |
|
|
Term
| calyx or calix (pl. calyces or calices) |
|
Definition
| cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spongy, porous bone tissue in the inner part of a bone |
|
|
Term
| cancer treatment modalities |
|
Definition
| surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biological therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pointed, "dog tooth"-like teeth, next to (distal to) the incisors. Also called cuspids or eyeteeth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| introduction of a tube (cannula) through a passageway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gas released by body cells and carried by veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation; CO2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation or production of cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to producing cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agents that cause cancer; chemicals and drugs, radiation, and viruses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancerous or malignant tumor made up of cells of epithelial origin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| localized cancer, confined to its site of origin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the breast (arising from milk glands and ducts) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant cells within the cervix (cervical cancer) |
|
|
Term
| carcinoma of the endometrium (endometrial cancer) |
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the uterus (adenocarcinoma) |
|
|
Term
| carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer) |
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the prostate gland |
|
|
Term
| carcinoma of the testes (testicular cancer) |
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the testicles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| images of the heart are produced with magnetic waves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden, unexpected stoppage of the heart; sudden cardiac death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein or an artery and after contrast material is introduced, blood pressure is measured, and x-rays taken to image patterns of blood flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high-energy sound waves are transmitted into the chest and images recorded of valves, chambers, surfaces, and movement of the heart |
|
|
Term
| cardiac electron beam computed tomography |
|
Definition
| electron beams and CT identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries to diagnose early coronary artery disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that act on the heart or the blood vessels to treat hypertension, angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and arrhythmias. Examples: ACE inhibitors, diuretics, beta-blockers, statins |
|
|
Term
| cardioversion (defibrillation) |
|
Definition
| treatment for serious arrhythmias using brief discharges of electricity to shock the heart so that a normal rhythm can begin |
|
|
Term
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) |
|
Definition
| compression (by a wrist ligament) of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and bones and tendons of the wrist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elastic, connective tissue found at joints, within the trachea and larynx, and connected to ribs, nose, and ear. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mold of the bone applied to fractures to immobilize the injured bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical excision of testicles or ovaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cellular process of breaking down or a complex substance into simple compounds. Energy is released to do the work of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clouding or loss of transparency of the lens of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormones derived from an amino acid and secreted by the adrenal medulla. Epinephrine is an example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that relieves constipation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin, flexible tube used in a variety of ways |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the lower portion of an organ or structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intense burning pain, often resulting from injury to a peripheral nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| burning of tissue to destroy it with a caustic, an electrical current, a hot iron, or by freezing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the cecum, which is the first part of the large intestine (colon) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal twisting of the cecum (first part of the colon) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first part of the large intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited autoimmune disorder in which the lining of the small intestine (villi) is damaged from eating gluten found in wheat, barley, and rye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin and delicate structure surrounding a cell; allows materials to pass in and out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of immune response that involves T cell lymphocytes. These lymphocytes act directly on antigens to destroy them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pieces of DNA that, when broken or dislocated, can cause a normal cell to become malignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffuse, acute inflammatory infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain and swelling |
|
|
Term
| central nervous system (CNS) |
|
Definition
| brain and the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| procedure for turning the fetus so that its head is the presenting part to enter the birth canal first |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the cerebellum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the cerebellum and pons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the cerebrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessel system in the brain after injection of contrast material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| temporary brain dysfunction (brief loss of consciousness) after injury, usually clearing within 24 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head; neurologic deficits persist longer than 24 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outer region of the cerebrum; containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| swelling of the brain due to the uptake of water in the neuropile and white matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bursting of an artery in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which a localized area of cerebral tissue is dying or dead owing to insufficient supply of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial paralysis and muscular coordination caused by loss of oxygen or blood flow to the cerebrum during pregnancy or in the perinatal period |
|
|
Term
| cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
|
Definition
| fluid that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
|
Definition
| samples of CSF are examined |
|
|
Term
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
|
Definition
| disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| waxy substance secreted by the ear; ear wax |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the neck of the body or neck of the uterus (cervix) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal cells in the cervix (lower, neck-like region of the uterus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seven backbones in the neck (C1-C7) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower, neck-like portion of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, hard mass (granuloma) on the eyelid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primary lesion of syphilis; a hard ulcer occurring at the site of entry of the bacterial infection and most frequently on the external genitalia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of the lips |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemical formula for a drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| series of x-ray images that reveal the chest in-depth (layers or sections of the lung) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bacterial infection causing pelvic inflammation in the reproductive tract of women and men |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal widening or dilation of a bile vessel (bile duct) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of x-ray imaging bile ducts after injecting contrast into the bile ducts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray recording of bile vessels (ducts) and the pancreas after administration of contrast material directly into the bile and pancreatic ducts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision or removal of the gallbladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical anastomosis between the gallbladder and the jejunum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the common bile duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical anastomosis (create a new opening) between the common bile duct and the jejunum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of stones in the common bile duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision of the common bile duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of forming gallstones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| middle ear mass of cellular debris and cholesterol crystals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to cartilage that is attached to the ribs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign tumor of cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dance-like movements consisting of uncontrollable, irregular, jerking movements of the arms and legs and facial grimacing as seen in Huntington disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the placenta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation of the chorion, the outermost membrane surrounding the fetus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outermost layer of the two membranes surrounding the embryo; it forms the fetal part of the placenta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the chorion |
|
|
Term
| chorionic villus sampling (CVS) |
|
Definition
| sampling of placental tissues (chorionic villi) for prenatal diagnosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| middle, vascular layer of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| threadlike structure within the nucleus of a cell; contains genetic material (DNA) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition with little change or slow progression over a long period of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long period of time |
|
|
Term
| chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
|
Definition
| malignant, but relatively mature lymphocytes, multiply in bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen |
|
|
Term
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
|
Definition
| lung and bronchial tube conditions that block and damage airways and persist over a long period of time. Chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema are all components of COPD. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin hairs that line the nasal passageways and tubes of the respiratory tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| structure on each side of the lens that connects the choroid and iris; contains muscles that control the shape of the lens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of motion picture techniques to record a series of x-ray images during fluoroscopy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic degenerative disease of the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but absence of pain at rest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapidly alternating involuntary contraction and relaxation of a muscle in response to a sudden stretch. Pathological reflex. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| break in the bone without an open skin wound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone is put in proper place without incision of skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of blood clotting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease of blood clotting |
|
|
Term
| coarctation of the aorta (CoA) |
|
Definition
| congenital anomaly in which a portion of the aorta near the heart is narrowed or stenosed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tailbone at the end of the spinal or vertebral column |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear; contains hearing-sensitive receptor cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the cochlea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sexual intercourse; copulation. Pronunciation is KO-i-tus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical removal (excision) of the colon (large intestine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intermittent spasms of pain caused by inflammation and distention of a hollow organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protein found in skin; dense connective tissue strands of protein found in bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large intestine, consisting of the cecum; the ascending, transverse, and descending segments of the colon; and the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| polyps (benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon. Polyps can be pedunculate (attached at the membrane by a stalk) or sessile (sitting directly on the mucous membrane). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual endoscopic examination of the colon |
|
|
Term
| colony-stimulating factor |
|
Definition
| protein that stimulates the growth and proliferation of white blood cells (granulocytes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, or both |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new opening of the colon through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state of unconsciousness from which a patient cannot be aroused |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of several chemotherapeutic agents together for the treatment of tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| broken bone that is splintered or crushed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical incision of any commissure (e.g., leaflets of heart valves) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum. Also called the choledochus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| determination of the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hemacrit, and red cell indices (MCH, MCV, MCHC) in a sample of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| break in the bone with wound in the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone is broken by pressure from another bone; often in vertebrae, bone is partially flattened |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| imaging technique in which a series of x-ray films are obtained to visualize internal organs in multiple views including in cross section |
|
|
Term
| computed tomography of the chest |
|
Definition
| computer generated x-ray images showing thoracic structures in cross-section |
|
|
Term
| computerized tomography angiography |
|
Definition
| x-ray images are combined with computerized tomography to produce a three-dimensional picture of the heart and blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near the joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| photoreceptor cell in the retina; responsible for color and central vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormality present at birth; birth defect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| structural heart defects that appear at birth |
|
|
Term
| congestive heart failure (CHF) |
|
Definition
| heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of a cone-shaped section (cone biopsy) of the cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deviation of both eyes to the same side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the conjunctiva; pinkeye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tissue that supports and binds other tissues and parts. Examples are bone, cartilage, muscle or fibrous tissues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| difficulty in passing stools (feces) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a factor that prohibits the administration of a drug or procedure in the care of a patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| affecting the opposite side of a part of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| materials (contrast media) are injected to obtain contrast with surrounding tissue when shown on the x-ray film |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that produce tolerance and dependence and have potential for abuse or addiction; drugs regulated under existing federal law |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlargement of the right side of the heart due to lung disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eyeball |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rubbing off of a part of the outer layer of the cornea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the cornea and sclera, which is the white of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branches of the aorta bringing oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle |
|
|
Term
| coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) |
|
Definition
| arteries or veins are grafted onto coronary arteries to bypass blocked arteries and bring needed blood supply to the myocardium |
|
|
Term
| coronary artery disease (CAD) |
|
Definition
| arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become clogged and blocked with deposits of fatty material and cholesterol (plaque) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of the egg cell; literally means yellow (luteum) body (corpus). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outer region (bark) of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; cortisol, aldosterone, androgens and estrogens are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormonal agents that reduce tissue edema and inflammation associated with chronic lung disease |
|
|
Term
| cortisol (glucocorticoid) |
|
Definition
| secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar. It is secreted in times of stress and has an anti-inflammatory effect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bones of the skull; ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the space within the skull containing the brain and pituitary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twelve pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument to cut the skull (cranium) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of cutting into the skull; incision of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| waste product of muscle metabolism; nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing creatinine from the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crackling sound produced when ends of broken bone rub against each other or against roughened cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood leads to a lack of normal physical and mental growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute viral infection in infants and children; characterized by barking cough, obstruction of the larynx and stridor (strained, high-pitched noisy breathing) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection on the skin of dried sebum and cellular debris; scab |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue |
|
|
Term
| cryptorchism; cryptorchidism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region in the lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scraping of material from the skin or from the wall of a cavity, using a sharp instrument called a curet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small band of skin at the base of a nail |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of blueness of the skin; caused by decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paralysis of the muscles of the ciliary body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor containing fluid-filled sacs and glandular tissue; commonly occurring in the ovaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in mucous secretions that do not drain normally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cystic tumor forms large open spaces filled with fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hernia of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| direct visual examination of urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new opening of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protein that aids cells to destroy antigens. Examples are interleukins and interferons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all of the substance of a cell other than the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T cell lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells; T8 cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of tear glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of the ability to hear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss or removal of calcium from bones or teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony part of the body; pressure ulcer; bedsore |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "cross over"; nerves decussate in the medulla oblongata so each brain hemisphere controls the contralateral side of the body. (From Latin decussis - the number ten, numeral X.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of differentiation of cells; reversion to a more primitive, embryonic cell type; anaplasia or undifferentiation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| away from the surface of the body or an organ |
|
|
Term
| deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) |
|
Definition
| blood clots form in a large vein, usually in the leg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mental decline and deterioration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of myelin on axons of nerves (as in multiple sclerosis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of macrophage that captures antigens and presents them to T cells for destruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tooth decay (caries means decay) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the cheek and teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major tissue composing teeth, covered by the enamel in the crown and a protective layer of cementum in the root |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood that is oxygen-poor |
|
|
Term
| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
|
Definition
| genetic material within the nucleus of a cell; controls cell division and protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| catheterization term: urine flows into a collecting bag |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treatment for removal of superficial scars or wrinkles on the skin using sandpaper-like material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study (diagnosis and treatment) of skin disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an area of skin innervated by sensory fibers from a single spinal or cranial nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal infection of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ovarian cysts lined with a variety of cell types (hair, skin, teeth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin) produced by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; signs are polyuria and polydispis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of insulin secretion (Type 1) or improper utilization of insulin by cells (Type 2) leading to a chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease of the retina due to long-term effects of diabetes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete knowledge of a patient's condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separation of nitrogenous wastes from the blood when the kidneys no longer function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement between opposite points on the periphery of a circular body part (for example, blood vessel or intestine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle that separates the chest and abdomen; aids breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of the diaphragm moving from full exhalation to full inhalation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shaft or mid-portion of a long bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| frequent passage of loose, watery stools |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relaxation phase of the heartbeat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that promote tumor cells to differentiate, stop growing, and die |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialization of cells; unspecialized cells are modified and altered to form specific and characteristic types and functions; specialization of cells from immature to mature forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms |
|
|
Term
| digital rectal examination (DRE) |
|
Definition
| finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland |
|
|
Term
| digital subtraction angiography |
|
Definition
| video equipment, computer and x-ray machine produce images of blood vessels before and after injecting contrast material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that strengthens the force and efficiency of the heartbeat. Used for congestive heart failure. |
|
|
Term
| dilation (dilatation) and curettage (D&C) |
|
Definition
| widening of the cervix and scraping the endometrium of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expansion of an orifice (opening); widening and enlargement of a hollow organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute infection of the throat caused by diphtheria bacteria; characterized by formation of a thick membrane that obstructs the throat and breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| circular platelike structure composed of cartilage between vertebrae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray images of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disks after injection of contrast material into the interior of the disk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| displacement of a bone from its joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cutting of parts for purpose of separtion and studying of same |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to far from the beginning of a structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased excretion of urine by the kidneys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an agent that increases diuresis (increased excretion of urine by the kidneys), such as tea, coffee, water or certain drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of a tubular organ such as the colon. Singular form is diverticulum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of diverticula; abdominal pain and rectal bleeding are symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal side pockets (outpouchings) in the intestinal wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a CNS neurotransmitter, deficient in patient with Parkinson disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the back, or posterior portion of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| backward (upward) bending of the foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the duodenum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first part of the small intestine, measuring 12 inches long |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| painful, inflamed intestines resulting from ingestion of food or water containing bacteria, amoebae, or viruses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| difficulty in performing voluntary movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| difficulty in reading, writing, and learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| painful, difficult menses (menstruation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| painful sexual intercourse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| painful digestion; indigestion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal voice or sound produced by speaking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of abnormal formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to abnormal formation or development of cells; not clearly malignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| numerous abnormal moles with irregular borders, indistinct margins, and mixed coloration; often precursors of malignant melanomas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal or difficult breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of the temperature of the tympanic membrane by detection of infrared radiation from the eardrum |
|
|
Term
| ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses) |
|
Definition
| bleeding into the skin; bruise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| water-producing exocrine gland in the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sound waves are used to image the structure of the heart |
|
|
Term
| eclampsia or preeclampsia |
|
Definition
| abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria (loss of protein in urine), and edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| implantation of the fertilized egg in any site not in the normal location (uterus); a fallopian tube is the most common ectopic side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic dermatitis of unknown etiology, marked by redness, blisters, scales, and scabs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| swelling; an accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells or intercellular tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord; motor nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tube through which semen enters the male urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| record of the electricity flowing through the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of recording the electricity flowing through the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of a needle or snare heated by electric current to destroy or burn tissue (removal of warts, polyps) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of tissue by burnng with an electric spark |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| record of the electricity within the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of recording the electricity in the brain |
|
|
Term
| electroencephalography (EEG) |
|
Definition
| recording of the electrical activity of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mineral salt found in the blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning of cells; potassium, sodium, and calcium are examples; a chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water; essential to cellular function and transmission of impulses in nerve and muscle fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of recording the strength of muscle contraction as a result of electrical stimulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low-energy beams of radiation for treatment of skin or surface tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| technique used to separate serum proteins by electrical charge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| act or removal of materials from the body; in the digestive system, the removal of indigestible materials |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to the blockage of an artery by an embolus, a travelling particle or debris in the arterial bloodstream originating from elsewhere |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a clot or other substance that travels to a distant location and suddenly blocks a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that promotes vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the condition of the normal eye when parallel rays are focused exactly on the retina and vision is perfect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pus in the pleural space (cavity) surrounding the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of a tumor with a large area of surrounding tissue containing lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hard, outermost layer of a tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surrounded by a capsule; benign tumors are encapsulated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypofunctional enlargement of the thyroid gland involving thyroxine due to lack of iodine in the diet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the endocardium (inner lining of the heart) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the inner lining of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix (lower, neck-like portion of the uterus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that is a hormonre or hormone-like; androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| release specific chemical messengers called hormones into the bloodstream which regulate the many and varied functions of an organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medical specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine gland disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endocrinology is the study of the endocrine glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a dentist specializing in the inner parts of the tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid within the labyrinth (canals) of the inner ear; conducts sound waves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (upper portion) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endometrial tissue located outside the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a network of canals within the cell containing ribosomes that manufacture proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument to visually examine the interior of the body; bronchoscope and colonoscope are examples. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of visual examination within the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| innermost lining of blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to within the trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tube is placed through the mouth and throat into the trachea to establish an airway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the small intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the small intestine and colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new surgical connection between parts of the small intestine and colon; anastomosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease condition of the intestines, often the small intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of intestines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of an entire mass or part without rupture; removal of the eyeball from the orbit of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bedwetting; literally, "in urine" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chemical that speeds up a reaction between substances. Enzymes are given names that end in -"ase". |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| white blood cell whose granules stain intensely with an acidic eosin (reddish) dye; elevated in allergic reactions |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| increase in numbers of eosinophils in the bloodstream, seen in allergic conditions |
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Term
|
Definition
| a glial cell that lines membranes within the brain and spinal cord where cerebrospinal fluid circulates |
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Term
|
Definition
| a tumor that arises from the ependyma, a tissue of the central nervous system. Usually, in children the location is intracranial, while in adults it is spinal. |
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Term
|
Definition
| top (outer) layer of skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| resembling epidermis or the outer layer of skin. Epidermoid tumors are composed of thin, plate-like cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
| loosening of outer layer of the skin with formation of large blisters (bullae) |
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Term
|
Definition
| one of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes lying on top of each testis. It carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens. (Plural: epididymides) |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the epididymis |
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Term
|
Definition
| collection of blood located above the dura mater |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to above or upon the stomach |
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Term
|
Definition
| the upper middle region of the abdomen, between the right and left hypochondriac regions |
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Term
|
Definition
| thin piece of cartilage that covers the entrance to the voice box and windpipe when a person is swallowing |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the epiglottis |
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Term
|
Definition
| chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity |
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Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure and dilates airways; part of the body's fight or flight reaction. |
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Term
|
Definition
| layer of cartilage at the ends of long bones where lengthwise bone growth takes place |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| incision of the vulva (perineum) to widen the opening of the vagina during a difficult childbirth |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| cells arranged in layers and covering or lining a surface of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| layer of cells covering the external surface of the body and lining the hollow tubes within the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence |
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Term
|
Definition
| wearing away or loss of epidermis |
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Term
|
Definition
| gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of redness of the skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to redness of the skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| immature, developing red blood cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| hemolytic disease in the newborn caused by a blood group (Rh factor) incompatibility between the mother and the fetus |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
|
Definition
| measurement of the speed at which erythrocytes settle or fall to the bottom of a test tube |
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Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of red blood cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| antibiotic that is extracted from a red (erythr/o) mold (-mycin) |
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Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of red blood cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| formation of red blood cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the esophagus |
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Term
|
Definition
| congenital absence of the normal opening from the esophagus to the stomach |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus |
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Term
|
Definition
| tube connecting the throat to the stomach |
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Term
|
Definition
| turning inward of one or both pupils; cross-eyes |
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Term
|
Definition
| estrogen secreted by the ovaries; develops and maintains female sex characteristics |
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Term
|
Definition
| female hormone secreted by the ovaries and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex. Examples are estradiol and estrone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| test for the presence of a hormone receptor on breast cancer cells |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to having an action similar to that of an estrogen |
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Term
|
Definition
| thin, delicate bone that supports the nasal cavity and forms part of the orbits of the eye |
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Term
|
Definition
| study of the cause of disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| boy who is castrated before puberty |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of exaggerated well-being (good feeling) |
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Term
|
Definition
| normal functioning of the thyroid gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| channel between the middle ear and the throat; auditory tube |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exanthematous viral disease |
|
Definition
| rash (exanthem) of skin due to viral infection; measles (rubeola) and chicken pox (varicella) are examples |
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Term
|
Definition
| process of cutting out; removal; resection |
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Term
|
Definition
| removal of tumor and a margin of normal tissue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| wide resection involving removal of the tumor, its organ of origin, and all surrounding tissue in the body space |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| cells are scraped from a region of suspected disease and examined under the microscope |
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Term
|
Definition
| glands that secrete chemicals to the outside of the body |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of eyeball protrusion |
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Term
|
Definition
| protrusion of the eyeball (proptosis); symptom of hyperthyroidism |
|
|
Term
| exostosis (pl. exostoses) |
|
Definition
| benign tumor (bony growth) arising from the surface of a bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| turning to the side or outward of one or both pupils |
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Term
|
Definition
| agents that promote the clearance of mucus from the respiratory tract |
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Term
|
Definition
| coughing up of mucus or sputum from the throat and respiratory tract |
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Term
|
Definition
| process of breathing out or exhalation |
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Term
|
Definition
| lengthening or straightening a flexed limb; increasing the angle between two bones |
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Term
|
Definition
| radiation applied to a tumor from a distant source |
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Term
|
Definition
| exchange of gases at the lungs |
|
|
Term
| extracorporeal circulation |
|
Definition
| use of a heart-lung machine to divert blood from the heart and lungs during open heart surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of fluid, cells, or other substances that slowly leave cells or capillaries through pores or breaks in cell membranes |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bones of the face; lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic bones |
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Term
|
Definition
| one of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus |
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Term
|
Definition
| fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscle |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the circulating sugar level is measured in a patient who has fasted for at least 4 hours; a test for diabetes mellitus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| substances produced when fats are digested |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of having a window or aperture |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| union of the sperm cell and ovum from which the embryo develops |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| manner in which the fetus enters the birth canal |
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Term
|
Definition
| stage in development from 8 weeks to birth |
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Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the colon using a fiberoptic instrument (endoscope) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| random, rapid, inefficient, irregular contractions of the atria (AF or A-Fib) or ventricles (VF or V-Fib) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot |
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Term
|
Definition
| plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| numerous small sacs of fibrous connective tissue and fluid in the breast |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| benign tumors in the uterus (leiomyomata or leiomyomas) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic pain and stiffness in muscles and fibrous tissue, especially in the shoulders, neck, hips, and knees |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of fibrous or connective tissue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition (proliferation) of fibrous connective tissue occurring in the lung as a side effect of radiation for lung cancer |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| smaller of the two lower leg bones |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dimensions of the size of radiation used to treat a tumor from a specific angle |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| passive process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter or other material |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| finger- or fringe-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| groove or crack-like sore; narrow, slit-like opening in or between bones |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move) |
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Term
|
Definition
| gas expelled through the anus. Also called flatulence. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| bending a part of the body |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| decreasing the angle between two bones, as in bending a limb |
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Term
|
Definition
| process of recording (viewing and photographing) the circulation of a fluorescein dye through the blood vessels of the retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emission of glowing light results from exposure to and absorption of radiation from x-rays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray technique that produces a fluorescent image on an image intensifier |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid, but regular contractions of the heart, usually of the atria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vitamin supplements, primarily folic acid, given to pregnant women. Folic acid has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of neural defects such as spina bifida. It is also used to treat certain types of anemia. |
|
|
Term
| follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) |
|
Definition
| secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries and sperm production by the testes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to forming small, glandular sacs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| soft spot between skull bones of an infant |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opening in inferior occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tiny pit or depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| giving radiation in small, repeated doses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two infants born of the same pregnancy from two separate ova fertilized by two different sperm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skull bone that forms the forehead and bony sockets that contain the eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a vertical plane passing through the body and dividing it into the front and back portions; coronal plane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of tissue by electric sparks generated by a high-frequency current |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large, posterior inner part of the eye that is visualized with an ophthalmoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scrapings from skin lesions are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examination for evidence of fungal growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gross description of tumor growth in which cells pile one on top of another and project from the tissue surface |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive or abnormal secretion of milk after breast-feeding has ended |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| small sac under the liver; stores bile |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| radioisotope (gallium 67) is injected intravenously and has an affinity for tumors and other lesions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| male or female sexual reproductive cell; sperm cell or ovum |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| machine to detect gamma rays emitted from radiopharmaceuticals during scanning for diagnostic purposes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high-energy rays emitted by radioactive substances in tracer studies |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system (outside the brain and spinal cord) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| cystic mass arising from a tendon in the wrist |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the stomach |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| removal or excision of the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum (gastrojejunostomy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the stomach |
|
|
Term
| gastroduodenal anastomosis |
|
Definition
| new surgical opening between the stomach and duodenum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the stomach and intestines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of stomach and intestines |
|
|
Term
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
|
Definition
| solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that affects the stomach and intestine |
|
|
Term
| gastrointestinal endoscopy |
|
Definition
| visual examination of the GI tract using an endoscope, such as: esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, proctoscopy, or anoscopy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tubular system related to the stomach and intestines beginning with the mouth and ending with the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum (gastric bypass) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of motility of the stomach muscles, occurring as a long-term secondary complication of diabetes mellitus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new opening of the stomach through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of cutting (incising) the stomach |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| legal, noncommercial name for a drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| segments of DNA that determine heredity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| family members are tested to determine whether they have inherited a cancer-causing gene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reproductive organs; also called genitals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| period from fertilization of the ovum to birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensitive tip of the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid accumulation in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye causing increased pressure and damage to the retina |
|
|
Term
| glial cell (neuroglial cell) |
|
Definition
| cell in the nervous system that is supportive and connective in function. Examples are astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapidly growing malignant tumor of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highly malignant brain tumor composed of glial cells (astrocytes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of tumor that starts in the brain or spine. It is called a glioma because it arises from glial cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major blood proteins; immunoglobulins, alpha, beta and gamma globulins are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a glomerulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the kidney glomerulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tiny ball of capillaries in cortex of kidney (plural: glomeruli) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the tongue and throat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slit-like opening between the vocal folds of the larynx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the pancreas (alpha islet cells); increases blood glucose (sugar) by conversion of glycogen (starch) to glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism; raises blood sugar and reduces tissue inflammation; cortisol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of producing new sugar from fats and proteins; occurs mainly in the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measures the glucose levels in a blood sample taken at various intervals from a patient who has previously ingested glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to blood sugar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| animal starch broken down to produce glucose; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breakdown of glycogen to release sugar (glucose) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breakdown of sugar to release energy in body cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glycosylated hemoglobin test (HbA1c or A1c) |
|
Definition
| measures long-term glucose control. A high level indicates poor glucose contol in diabetic patients. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlargement of the thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones; ovary or testis |
|
|
Term
| gonadotropic hormone (gonadotropin) |
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and acting on the ovaries or testes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (STD) inflammation of the genital tract mucous membranes, caused by infection with gonococci |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the blood and uric acid crystals deposited in joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| evaluating the degree of maturity of tumor cells or indication of malignant transformation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tissue that is transplanted or implanted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| white blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of granulocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased numbers of granulocytes in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unit of absorbed radiation dose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one side of the bone is fractured; the other side is bent |
|
|
Term
| gross description of tumors |
|
Definition
| visual appearance of tumors to the naked eye: cystic, fungating, inflammatory, medullary, necrotic, polypoid, ulcerating, and verrucous tumors |
|
|
Term
| growth hormone (GH); somatotropin (STH) |
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and soft tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemical from the wood of trees. When added to a stool sample, it reacts with any blood present in the feces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of female reproductive system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of the diseases of women, particularly those affecting the female reproductive system including the breasts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| female-like breast enlargement in a male |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sheet of nerve cells that produces a rounded fold on the surface of the cerebellum; convolution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tubular sac that holds the hair fiber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minute spaces for blood vessels in compact bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| donor heart is transferred to a recipient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lymphocyte that aids a B cell lymphocyte in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of blood in a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| percentage of red blood cells in a given volume of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of blood and blood disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection or mass of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood cell development and formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone marrow cell; gives rise to many types of blood cells |
|
|
Term
| hematopoietic stem cell transplant |
|
Definition
| peripheral (found in the blood) stem cells from a compatible donor are administered into the vein of a recipient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| iron-containing nonprotein portion of the hemoglobin molecule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of vision for one half, right or left, of an individual's field of vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal (resection) of half the tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slight paralysis of the right or left half of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paralysis of the right or left half of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive deposits of iron throughout the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease or defect of hemoglobin production. Sickle cell anemia is an example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction or breakdown of blood; specifically red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduction in erythrocytes due to excessive destruction of red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hereditary disease of blood clotting failure with abnormal bleeding. Affected individuals are lacking a blood clotting factor (factor VIII or factor IX). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spitting or coughing up blood as result of bleeding from any part of the respiratory tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bursting forth or excessive flow of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stroke due to rupture of a blood vessel or an abnormal vascular structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| swollen, twisted veins in the rectal and anal region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to stop or control the escape of blood by artificial means or by clotting; stoppage of bleeding or circulation of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood in the chest (pleural cavity) surrounding the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anticoagulant found in blood and tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor (malignant) of liver cells; hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it |
|
|
Term
| herniation of an intervertebral disk (disc) |
|
Definition
| abnormal protrusion of a fibrocartilaginous intervertebral disk into the neural canal or spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suture (stitching or sewing up) a hernia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (STD) infection of the skin and mucosa of the genitals, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and marked by blisters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viral infection affecting peripheral nerves that causes shingles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the mouth (gingiva, lips, palate, and tongue) by infection with the herpesvirus. Commonly called fever blisters or cold sores. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depression or hollow in that part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tendency in an organism to return to a state of constancy and stablity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of an oil-secreting gland in the eyelid; stye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance, secreted by an endocrine gland, that travels through the blood to a distant organ or gland where it influences the structure or function of that organ or gland |
|
|
Term
| human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
|
Definition
| hormone produced by the placenta to sustain pregnancy by stimulating (-tropin) the mother's ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone |
|
|
Term
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
|
Definition
| virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS |
|
|
Term
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy |
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Definition
| brain disease and dementia occurring with AIDS |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the humerus (upper arm bone) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| type of immune response in which a B cell lymphocyte transforms into plasma cell and secretes antibodies |
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Term
|
Definition
| acute lung disease commonly seen in the premature newborn |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of water or fluid in a joint |
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Term
|
Definition
| sac of clear fluid in the scrotum |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal accumulation of fluid (CSF) in the spaces of the brain; in infants, this condition causes enlargement of the head |
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Term
|
Definition
| substance produced by the stomach; necessary for digestion of food |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition of fluid build-up in the kidney; caused by obstruction to the flow of urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| treatment using water, whirlpool baths |
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Term
|
Definition
| water or fluid that accumulates in the pleural space surrounding the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina |
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Term
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Definition
| diminished sensitivity to pain |
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive sensitivity to sounds |
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Term
|
Definition
| high levels of bilirubin in the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| high levels of calcium in the bloodstream; often due to hyperparathyroidism; occurs as calcium leaves the bones and enters the bloodstream where it can produce damage to the kidneys and heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| high levels of calcium in urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| increased levels of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream |
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Term
|
Definition
| high levels of cholesterol in the blood that is a major factor in the development of heart disease. Condition treated with use of statins (anticholesterol drugs) |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive sensitivity or feeling, especially of the skin in response to touch or pain |
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Term
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Definition
| high levels of sugar in the bloodstream; often associated with diabetes mellitus |
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Term
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Definition
| exessive secretion of insulin from the beta islet cells of the pancreas causing hypoglycemia |
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Term
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Definition
| high levels of potassium in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| farsightedness; light rays are focused beyond, instead of directly on the retina |
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Term
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Definition
| increased secretion of parathormone from the parathyroid glands |
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Term
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Definition
| condition of increased formation of normal cells |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in breathing rate |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition characterized by an exaggerated response of the immune system to an antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| syndrome of spleen enlargement (splenomegaly) and destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| disease of the retina due to high blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| secretion by thyroid gland of a greater than normal amount of thyroxine (thyroid hormone, or T4) |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in size of tissue or an organ due to increase in size of individual cells |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in uric acid in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| drug that promotes sleep or a trance-like state (hypnosis) |
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Term
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Definition
| low levels of calcium in the blood; results as calcium remains in bones and is unable to enter the bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| an upper abdominal area on either side of the epigastric region beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to deficiency in color; decrease in hemoglobin in red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to under the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| placement of a needle below the skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to below the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| lower middle region below the umbilical region between the right and left inguinal regions. |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to under the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
| low levels of sugar in the blood that occurs as insulin draws sugar out of the bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| deficient functioning of the gonads |
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Term
|
Definition
| deficient production of insulin |
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Term
|
Definition
| low levels of potassium in the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| low levels of sodium in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased secretion of parathormone from the parathyroid gland |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of the pituitary gland |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| deficient secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis instead of at its tip |
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Term
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Definition
| portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from the pituitary gland |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland |
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Term
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Definition
| deficiency of oxygen in body tissues |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray record of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material |
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Term
|
Definition
| x-ray recording of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material |
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Term
|
Definition
| visual examination (endoscopic) of the uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| ultrasound examination of uterine cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to produced by a treatment or a procedure |
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Term
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Definition
| hereditary condition in which the skin resembles fish scales and is dry, rough, and scaly |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to a sudden, acute onset, as the convulsions of an epileptic seizure |
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Term
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Definition
| jaundice. The scientific name of orioles is Icterus, from the Greek word ikteros for jaundice. This not only is a reference to the color, but also to the revelation that sighting this bird was suppose to cure a person with jaundice. |
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Term
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Definition
| two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. Conjoined ("Siamese") twins are incompletely separated identical twins. |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to unknown cause of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| unexpected effect produced in a particularly sensitive individual, but not seen in most patients |
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Term
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Definition
| after cystectomy, a pouch is formed from a segment of the ileum that is used in place of the bladder to carry urine from the ureters out of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the ileum (third part of the small intestine) |
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Term
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Definition
| ring of muscles that are between the ileum and the cecum (first part of the large intestine). Also called the ileocecal valve. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical formation of an artificial opening from the ileum to the outside of the body through the abdominal wall |
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Term
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Definition
| third part of the small intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| failure of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the ilium (upper and largest portion of the pelvic bone) |
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Term
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Definition
| upper and largest portion of the pelvic (hip) bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the body's capability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that can damage tissue and organs |
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Term
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Definition
| response of the immune system to foreign invasion |
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Term
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Definition
| antibody-containing protein in the blood (IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE) secreted by B-cell lymphocytes (plasma cells) |
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Term
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Definition
| blocking or turning off the normal immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| use of immunologic techniques to treat disease |
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Term
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Definition
| broken bone in which one fragment is driven firmly into the other fragment |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory bacterial skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions |
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Term
| implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) |
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Definition
| small electric device implanted inside the chest (near the collarbone) to sense arrhythmias and terminate them to restore normal sinus rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
| inability of an adult male to achieve an erection |
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Term
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Definition
| process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism |
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Term
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Definition
| process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed within a living organism |
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Term
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Definition
| process of cutting into or making an incision |
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Term
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Definition
| piece of tumor is removed for examination to establish a diagnosis |
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Term
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Definition
| one of four front teeth in the dental arch |
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Term
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Definition
| small anvil-shaped bone (ossicle) in the middle ear; second ossicle |
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Term
| indwelling or Foley catheter |
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Definition
| remains in the bladder all the time. An inflated balloon on the end of the catheter holds it in place |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| extending beyond normal tissue boundaries |
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Term
| inflammatory bowel disease |
|
Definition
| severe inflammation of the small and large intestine (colon); examples are Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to below the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| lowermost region of the abdominopelvic area of either side of the hypogastric region, groin |
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Term
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Definition
| a small loop of the bowel protrudes through a weakened lower abdominal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| lymph node in the groin region |
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Term
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Definition
| lowermost region of the abdominopelvic area on either side of the hypogastric region; groin |
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Term
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Definition
| administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to without sleep; an insomniac is a person who cannot sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| act of breathing in or inhalation |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted by islets of Langerhans (beta islet cells) of the pancreas. This hormone lowers blood sugar by transport and conversion of glucose to glycogen (starch). |
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Term
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Definition
| skin and its accessory organs (hair, nails, sebaceous and sweat glands) |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to between the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| anti-viral proteins secreted by lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the immune system including B & T cell lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| exchange of gases at the cells within all tissues of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| in the testes, these cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the hormone testosterone |
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Term
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Definition
| fluid that fills the spaces between cells |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the renal interstitium (connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules) |
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Term
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Definition
| therapeutic procedures performed by a radiologist |
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Term
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Definition
| wall between the ventricles of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to between vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| shallow injection made into the upper layers of skin and is used chiefly in skin testing for allergic reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to within the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to within the meninges or membranes surrounding the spinal cord. Drugs may be administered intrathecally. |
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Term
| intrauterine device (IUD) |
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Definition
| device inserted by a physician into the uterus to prevent pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to within a vein |
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Term
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Definition
| substance normally found in gastric juice that helps absorption of vitamin B12 into the bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| insertion of a tube into a hollow organ |
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Term
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Definition
| telescoping of the intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| having the ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| shrinking of the uterus (womb) to its normal size after childbirth |
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Term
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Definition
| transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles. X-rays cause ionization of particles within tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of a portion of the iris |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| colored, pigmented portion of the eye; muscle that changes the size of the pupil |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the iris of the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| exposure to any form of radiant energy such as light, heat, or x-rays |
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Term
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Definition
| group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension |
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Term
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Definition
| holding back blood to a region, organ, or tissue of the body. Myocardial ischemia is deprivation of blood to the heart muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the ishium (posterior portion of the pelvic bone |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior (back) portion of the pelvic (hip) bone |
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Term
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Definition
| yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia). Also called icterus |
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Term
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Definition
| second part of the small intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant tumor of skin and connective tissue; associated with AIDS |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant tumor of skin and blood vessels; often associated with AIDS. Dark blue-purple patches form on the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| classification of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell determined by a photograph taken during cell division |
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Term
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Definition
| enlarged scar on the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| hard protein found in hair, nails, and the epidermis layer of skin |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the cornea |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of the cornea; corneal transplant |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive development of hard, keratinized tissue of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| ketosis; high levels of acids in the blood resulting from diabetes mellitus (Type 1) when cells burn high levels of fats because sugar is not available as fuel |
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Term
|
Definition
| presence of ketones in the urine, common in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus |
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Term
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Definition
| accumulation of large quantities of ketone bodies (acetones) in the blood, ketoacidosis |
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Term
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Definition
| one of two bean-shaped organs behind the abdominal cavity on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region |
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Term
| kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) |
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Definition
| x-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition of outward curvature (convexity) of the thoracic spine, humpback |
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Term
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Definition
| radiopharmaceutical; used in nuclear medicine studies |
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Term
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Definition
| lips of the vagina; labia majora are the larger, outermost lips, and labia minora are the smaller, innermost lips |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the lips, tongue, and throat |
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Term
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Definition
| maze-like series of canals of the inner ear; cochlea, vestibule and semicircular canals |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| two small facial bones that contain tear glands and canals for the passage of tear ducts |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| tubes that carry milk within the breast |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| one of two posterior (back) arches of a vertebra |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of the posterior portion of a vertebra to relieve pressure on a spinal nerve or spinal cord from a displaced intervertebral disk |
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Term
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Definition
| process of visually examining the contents of the abdominal cavity using small incisions and a laparoscope (endoscope) |
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Term
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Definition
| incision through the abdominal wall |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the larynx (voice box) |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of the larynx (voice box) |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the larynx or voice box |
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Term
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Definition
| endoscopic visual examination of the larynx |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary contraction of muscles surrounding the voice box |
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Term
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Definition
| voice box located at the upper region of the trachea |
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Term
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Definition
| use of a laser to seal retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lying down on one's side with the x-ray beam horizontally positioned |
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Term
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Definition
| weak cathartic; promotes movement of feces through the colon |
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Term
| left ventricle assist device (LVAD) |
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Definition
| booster pump implanted in the abdomen with a tube inserted into the left ventricle. An LVAD is a "bridge to transplant" or destination therapy when heart transplantation is impossible. |
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Term
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Definition
| catheterization term: collecting bag can be strapped to leg and worn under clothing |
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Term
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Definition
| benign tumor of smooth, involuntary muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| benign tumors of the uterus; fibroids |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant tumor of smooth muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| transparent biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the two thinner membranes (arachnoid and pia mater) surrounding the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanical separation of white blood cells from the rest of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| disease of high numbers of malignant (cancerous) white blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of white blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| blood condition with slight increase in number of normal white cells |
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Term
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Definition
| areas of skin that lose their pigment and become white; vitiligo |
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Term
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Definition
| white plaques on mucus membranes and surfaces of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| white to yellow discharge from the vagina |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissue binding bones to other bones |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| to tie; to apply a ligature |
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Term
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Definition
| application of a ligature to tie off or shut off a vessel or organ |
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Term
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Definition
| thread or wire used to constrict or fasten a structure |
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Term
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Definition
| large electronic device that produces high-energy x-ray beams for treatment of deep-seated tumors |
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Term
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Definition
| pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats |
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Term
| lipid tests (lipid profile) |
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Definition
| measurements of cholesterol and triglycerides (fats) in a sample of blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| benign tumor of fatty tissue |
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Term
| lipoprotein electrophoresis |
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Definition
| lipoproteins (combinations of fat and protein) are physically separated in a blood sample. Examples of lipoproteins are HDL (high density lipoprotein protects adults from atherosclerosis) and LDL (low density lipoprotein associated with atherosclerosis). |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of adipose (fatty) tissue with a suction pump device |
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Term
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Definition
| formation of stone (calculi) |
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Term
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Definition
| process of using high-energy sound waves to crush a stone within the kidney or ureter |
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Term
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Definition
| the liver secretes bile; stores sugar, iron, and vitamins; produces blood proteins; and destroys worn-out red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of liver tissue followed by microscopic visualization. Helps diagnosis cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis and tumors of liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in serum |
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Term
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Definition
| image of the liver after injecting radioactive material into the blood stream |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of a lobe or section of an organ, such as the lung |
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Term
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Definition
| forward curvature of the lumbar spinal column. In its extreme form it is known as "swayback." |
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Term
| lower esophageal sphincter (LES) |
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Definition
| ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach. Also called the cardiac sphincter. |
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Term
| lower gastrointestinal series |
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Definition
| x-ray images of the colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum (barium enema) |
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Term
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Definition
| CSF is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| in the back of the body, the lumbar region is the lower back, just above the sacrum. In the front of the body, it is one of two middle lateral regions on either side of the umbilical region. |
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Term
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Definition
| backbones (5) in the region of the waist (midde section below the chest) (L1-L5) |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the lower bones of the back (lumbar and sacral regions) |
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Term
|
Definition
| cavity or channel with a tube or tubular organ, as a blood vessel, vagina, or fallopian tube |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination of cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchial tubes |
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Term
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Definition
| semicircular white arch near the root of the nail |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis), stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone secretion in males |
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Term
|
Definition
| fluid that circulates within lymph vessels and lymph nodes |
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Term
|
Definition
| tiny lymph vessels that carry lymph through the body |
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Term
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Definition
| mass of stationary lymphatic tissue along the path of lymph vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| carry lymph throughout the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of lymph nodes |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| widening or dilation of lymph vessels |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal collection of fluid in tissue spaces caused by obstruction of lymph vessels and backflow of lymph |
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Term
|
Definition
| white blood cell with a single nucleus (mononuclear) found in blood and lymphatic tissue; fights disease by making antibodies (B cell lymphocytes) or killing cells chemically or by ingestion (T cell lymphocytes) |
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Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of lymphocytes |
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Term
|
Definition
| increase in numbers of lymphocytes in the bloodstream |
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Term
|
Definition
| organs containing and derived from lymphatic tissue; spleen, thymus gland, and lymph nodes |
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Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymphatic tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of a larger than normal head |
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Term
|
Definition
| presence of large red blood cells in the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| large phagocytic cell migrating from the blood into tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc; contains the fovea centralis, the area of clearest and central vision |
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Term
|
Definition
| deterioration of the macula of the retina and producing a loss of central vision |
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Term
|
Definition
| pigmented spot on the skin; freckle |
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|
Term
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
|
Definition
| magnetic field and radio waves produce images of soft tissues and muscles in all three planes (sagittal, coronal, and axial) of the body |
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|
Term
| magnetic resonance imaging of the chest |
|
Definition
| magnetic waves create images of the chest in all three planes of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| general feeling of bodily discomfort |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancerous skin tumor often arising in pre-existing moles (nevi) |
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Term
|
Definition
| tending to become worse and result in death; having the characteristics of invasiveness, anaplasia, and metastasis |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a malleolus |
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Term
|
Definition
| either of two bony enlargements (processes) on each side of an ankle. Lateral malleolus is distal process of fibula; medial malleolus is distal process of tibia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| hammer-shaped, small bone (ossicle) in the middle ear |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| nipple of the breast. A papilla is any small nipple-shaped projection. |
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Term
|
Definition
| x-ray record of the breast |
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Term
|
Definition
| x-ray examination of the breast |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the breast (augmentation or reduction surgery) |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the lower jaw bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| upper portion of the sternum |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| round projection (process) on the temporal bone behind the ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation and infection of the mastoid process just behind the ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the meatus (opening) leading from the urethra to the outside of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| incision of a meatus in order to enlarge it. The urinary meatus is the opening of the urethra to the outside of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| meconium aspiration syndrome |
|
Definition
| abnormal inhalation of meconium (first stools) produced by a fetus or newborn |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the middle or midline of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| lymph node in the mediastinum (central area between the lungs in the chest) |
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Term
|
Definition
| endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| part of the thoracic (chest) cavity between the lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| study of new drug synthesis and the relationship between the chemical structure of a drug and its biologic effect |
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Term
|
Definition
| inner region; the renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing, heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the medulla |
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Term
|
Definition
| inner section of a bone containing soft bone marrow tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| large, giant cell with a big nucleus; platelet precursor found in the bone marrow |
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Term
|
Definition
| black pigment produced by melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis |
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Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by pineal gland that induces sleep and affects mood |
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Term
|
Definition
| black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| beginning of the first menstrual period during puberty |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the meninges |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| three protective membrances that surround the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
| tumor (benign) of the meninges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the meninges; leptomeningitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hernia of the meninges through a defect or space between vertebrae; a form of spina bifida cystica |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive uterine bleeding during menstruation and also between menstrual periods |
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Term
|
Definition
| gradual ending of menstruation |
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive flow of blood during menstruation; abnormally heavy or long menstrual periods |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| menstruation; monthly discharge of blood from the lining of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| monthly shedding of the uterine lining. The flow of blood and tissue normally discharged during menstruation is called the menses (Latin mensis means month). |
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Term
|
Definition
| embryonic connective tissue. This is the tissue from which connective tissues (bone, muscle, fat, cartilage) arise |
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Term
|
Definition
| membrane that holds the intestine together; a fold of the peritoneum attaching the small intestine to the dorsal (back) body wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura and associated with asbestos exposure |
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Term
|
Definition
| total of chemical processes that occur in cells; including catabolism and anabolism |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of change of shape or form |
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Term
|
Definition
| flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis (shaft) of the bone and the epiphyseal plate at the end of the bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| conversion of normal cells into a less differentiated type in response to chronic stress or injury |
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Term
|
Definition
| spread of a malignant tumor beyond its original location to a distant, secondary site; literally beyond (meta-) control (stasis). Plural form is metastases. |
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Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor that has spread to bone from the breast, lung, kidney, or prostate gland |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| bleeding between menstruations |
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Term
|
Definition
| increased numbers of smaller than normal red blood cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| phagocytic glial cell that removes waste products from the central nervous system and protect neurons in response to inflammation |
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Term
|
Definition
| instrument to view small objects |
|
|
Term
| microscopic description of tumors |
|
Definition
| appearance of tumors when viewed under a microscope: alveolar, carcinoma in situ, diffuse, dysplastic, epidermoid, follicular, papillary, pleomorphic, scirrhous, undifferentiated |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| urination; the act of voiding |
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Term
|
Definition
| a severe headache, often unilateral, and sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting |
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Term
|
Definition
| steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex to regulate mineral salts (electrolytes) and water balance in the body. Aldosterone is an example. |
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Term
|
Definition
| contraction of the pupil of the eye |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that causes the pupil of the eye to contract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rod-like, thread-like, or granular structures in a cell; site of catabolism and release of energy |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| replication of cells; a stage in a cell's life cycle involving the production of two identical cells from a parent cell |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the mitral valve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid valve |
|
|
Term
| mitral valve prolapse (MVP) |
|
Definition
| abnormal closure of the mitral valve so the blood refluxes backward into the left atrium during ventricular contraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the mitral valve |
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Term
|
Definition
| tumors composed of different types of tissue (epithelial as well as connective tissue) |
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Term
|
Definition
| method of treatment, such a surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or biological therapy |
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Term
|
Definition
| microscopically controlled excision of skin cancers |
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Term
|
Definition
| the sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the interaction of drugs and their target molecules, enzymes, or cell surface receptors |
|
|
Term
| molecularly targeted drugs |
|
Definition
| anticancer drugs designed to block the function of growth factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in specific tumor cells |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antibody produced in a laboratory to attack specific antigens |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| white blood cell with one large nucleus; capable of killing foreign substances by phagocytosis (ingestion) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a white blood cell with a single, round nucleus; monocyte or lymphocyte |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of being diseased; describing damage to normal tissues |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the shape and form of cells, particularly red blood cells |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the power of spontaneous movement |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs; efferent nerves |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of agents that liquify sputum or reduce its viscosity so it can be coughed up |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of mucous membranes; often a side effect of radiation therapy or chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epithelial membrane that secretes mucus and lines the tubular organs of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sticky (viscous) substance that is secreted from a mucous membrane |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a woman who has been pregnant more than once |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a woman who has delivered more than one viable infant |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of bone marrow; overproduction of immunoglobulins and destruction of bone tissue; (the rule that "oma" applies to benign tumors of connective tissue doesn't apply in this case) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorder in which destruction of the myelin sheath (demyelination) of neurons in the CNS is accompanyied by replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extra sound heard between normal beats during auscultation of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system. Most common form is Duchenne. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to producing a mutation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change in the genetic material (DNA) of a cell; may be caused by chemicals, radiation, or viruses or may occur spontaneously |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles (attached to bones); muscles lose strength because of a failure in transmission of the nervous impulse from the nerve to the muscle cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any disease caused by a fungus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| widening of the pupil of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell. Myelin speeds impulse conduction along axons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immature granulocytic white blood cell; a cell normally only found in the bone marrow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to cells produced in the bone marrow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray record (with contrast) of the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray imaging of the spinal canal after injection of contrast medium into the subarachnoid space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital hernia (protrusion) of the spinal cord and meninges through a defect (gap) in the vertebral column. This defect is often associated with spina bifida. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation and development of bone marrow or cells that originate from it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone marrow depression of formation of blood cells (leukopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| areas of dead (nectrotic) tissue in the heart muscle; heart attack |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscular layer of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of muscle tumors (fibroids) from the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle layer of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to muscle and nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nearsightedness; vision for near objects is better than for far |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of muscle tissue, a type of flesh tumor or sarcoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the eardrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood producing dull, puffy, yellow skin; course, sparse hair and prominent tongue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| rare neoplasm of connective tissue found in the heart muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| habit-forming drug that relieves pain by producing stupor and insensibility; morphine and opium |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| passageways through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities; nostrils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two facial bones that form the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wall that separates right and left cavities of the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the nasopharynx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person's own genetic ability to fight off disease. If includes phagocytes and lymphocytes such as natural killer cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unpleasant sensation in the stomach associated with a tendency to vomit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viewing a dead body; autopsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of death of cells |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to death of cells |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor that contains dead cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| insertion of a needle into tissue to remove a core of cells to examine under a microscope; needle aspiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a newborn infant (up to 28 days old) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branch of medicine that studies the disorders and care of the newborn (neonate) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| new growth; benign or malignant tumors |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| removal or excision of kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of kidney stones (renal calculi) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision of the kidney to remove a stone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of the kidneys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of kidney and kidney disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease or abnormality of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prolapse of a kidney; floating or wandering kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hardening of arteries and arterioles in the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opening of the kidney to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
| nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis) |
|
Definition
| a group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in the urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| macroscopic, cordlike collection of fibers (axons and dentrites) that carry electrical impulses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of strength in nerves; a feeling of weakness and exhaustion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant childhood tumor originating in cells of the nervous system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pathological protein aggregates found within neurons in cases of Alzheimer disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| supporting cells (stroma) of the nervous system; glial cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; secretes oxytocin and vasopressin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the study of nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of nerves and nerve disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease of nerves; primarily in the peripheral nervous system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the complex network of unmyelinated axons, dendrites, and glial branches that form the bulk of the central nervous system's grey matter and in which nerve cell bodies are embedded |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell. It stimulates or inhibits another cell (nerve cell, muscle cell, or gland cell) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes that fight disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| white blood cell with dark granules that stain with a neutral dye; phagocyte formed in the bone marrow and the body's first line of defense against disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased numbers of neutrophils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mole (pigmented lesion of the skin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs used in the treatment of angina. They dilate blood vessels, increasing blood flow and oxygen to myocardial tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug used in the treatment of angina (pectoris). It dilates coronary arteries so that more blood flows to heart muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| urinary frequency at night |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlargement of the thyroid gland due to growth of nodules (adenomas) on the thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| solid, round or oval, elevated skin lesion more than 1 cm in diameter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of cells (lymphocytes and large macrophages called histocytes) found in lymph nodes and spleen |
|
|
Term
| norepinephrine (noradrenaline) |
|
Definition
| secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure (sympathomimetic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node (pacemaker of the heart) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to "hospital-acquired" infection or condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances (radionuclides) in diagnosis of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unit of DNA (gene) composed of a sugar, phosphate and a base. The sequence or arrangement of nucleotides on a gene is the genetic code. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central, controlling structure in a cell; contains chromosomes with DNA (genetic material) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a woman who has never been pregnant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a woman who has never given birth to an infant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| night blindness or difficult, poor vision at night |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| repetitive, rhythmic movements of one or both eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| positioned at an angle; an x-ray view |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowed airways result in resistance to airflow during breathing. Examples are asthma, bronchiectasis, COPD, and cystic fibrosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forms the posterior portion of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blockage or closure of a vessel or tube |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the elbow (olecranon) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large process on the end (proximal) of the ulna; elbow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glial cell that forms the myelin sheath covering axons. Also called oligodendrocyte. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of glioma that are believed to originate from the oligodendrocytes of the brain or from a glial precursor cell; they occur primarily in adults |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scanty (less than the normal number of sperm in semen) sperm count |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of DNA in tumor cells (cellular oncogene) or in viruses that cause cancer (viral oncogene). Oncogenes are designated by a three-letter word, such as abl, erb, jun, myc, ras, and src. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of tumors, particularly malignant growths |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of tumors, particularly malignant growths |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal infection of a nail |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation of ova (egg cells) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone is put in proper place after incision through the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of the eye and eye disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of eye and eye disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paralysis of muscles that move the eyeball |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument to visually examine the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes all natural and synthetic derivatives of opium; morphine is the prototypical opioid and is used as an analgesic for severe and intense pain such as chronic back pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection diseases associated with AIDS; toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, herpes simplex, and Pneumocytosis carini pneumonia (PCP) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cranial nerve that carries impulses from the rod and cone cells of the rtina to the cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-medical professional trained in grinding lenses and fitting eyeglasses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-medical professional trained to examine and measure the eye to prescribe and fit eyeglasses and contact lenses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that are given by mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| white plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central portion of the throat, just beyond the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dentist specializing in straightening teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical specialty devoted to straightening, correcting and treating deformities and diseases in bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breathing is only comfortable when a patient is in an upright position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small bone; malleus, incus, or stapes of the middle ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of an ossicle (small bone) of the middle ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of forming bone through the gradual replacement of cartilage and its intercellular substance by immature bone cells (osteoblasts) and calcium deposits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of bones and joints with degeneration of cartilage in the joint space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone cell that synthesizes collagen and protein to form bone tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large bone cell that functions to absorb and remove unwanted bony tissue during growth and healing of fractures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal development of bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation or development of bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital bone disease in which bones are usually brittle and fragile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to produced in or by bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant (cancerous) tumor of bone tissue; osteoblasts multiply at the ends of long bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| softening of bones with inadequate amounts of mineral (calcium) in bone; rickets in children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary to infection. Bacteria enter the body through a wound and spread to bone. Treated with antibiotic therapy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of bone tissue caused by destruction of bone tissue that exceeds the rate of bone matrix growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of increased loss of bony tissue; increased porosity in bone results in decreased bone density. Bones become thin, weak, brittle, and break easily. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist (surgeon) in ear, nose, and thoat disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal infection of the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discharge of pus from the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| overgrowth and hardening of bony tissue in the labyrinth (inner ear) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the ear using an otoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane between the middle and inner ears |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collections of fluids within a sac (cyst) in the ovary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| developing sac enclosing each ovum within the ovary. Only about 400 of these sacs mature in a woman's lifetime. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of a pair of female organs (gonads) on each side of the pelvis. Ovaries are almond-shaped, about the size of large walnuts, and produce egg cells (ova) and hormones (estrogen and progesterone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| release of the ovum from the ovary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gas inhaled and entering the bloodstream through the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid labor and childbirth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates contractions of the uterus during childbirth |
|
|
Term
| pacemaker (sinoatrial node) |
|
Definition
| specialized nervous tissue in the wall of the right atrium; it begins the heartbeat; sinoatrial node |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| roof of the mouth. The hard palate lies anterior to the soft palate and is supported by the upper jaw bone (maxilla). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue at the back of the mouth (oral pharynx) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair to treat cases of snoring or sleep apnea causes by obstructions in the thoat or nose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the palate, procedure to repair cleft palate and cleft lip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relieving the symptoms, but not curing the illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias, such as skipped beats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paralysis (partial or complete loss of motor function) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located behind the stomach. Islet (alpha and beta) cells (islets of Langerhans) secrete hormones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of all blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of all pituitary gland hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small elevations on the tongue. A papilla is a nipple-like elevation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to nipple-like projections. A papillary tumor forms microscopic nipple-like or finger-like projections of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| swelling of the optic disc; associated with increased pressure within the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, solid elevation of the skin, less than 1 cm in diameter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen; abdominocentesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of nerve tissue leading to loss of sensation or motion in part of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of a pair of air cavities in the bones near the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to beside or near a kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paralysis of the lower part of the body and both legs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involuntary autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such as heart rate, breathing, and muscles of the gastrointestinal tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| four endocrine glands on the posterior (dorsal) region of the thyroid gland that produce parathyroid hormone (PTH) that increases blood calcium |
|
|
Term
| parathyroid hormone (PTH); parathormone |
|
Definition
| secreted by the parathyroid glands; increases blood calcium. Mobilizes calcium from bones into the bloodstream to increase the blood calcium for proper functioning of body tissues, especially muscles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of the parathyroid glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tissue composed of essential and functional cells of a particular organ |
|
|
Term
| parenteral administration |
|
Definition
| drugs or nourishment are given intravenously (within a vein) and other than through the intestinal tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal nervous sensation occurring without apparent cause. Examples are tingling, numbness or prickling sensations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two bones on either side of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outer layer of the pleura lying closest to the chest wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation and swelling of the skin folds around a nail |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft tissue surrounding the nail border |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a sudden occurrence |
|
|
Term
| paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
|
Definition
| sudden attack of difficult breathing by lying down at night |
|
|
Term
| partial thromboplastin time |
|
Definition
| measurement of presence of plasma factors that act in a portion of the coagulation pathway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) |
|
Definition
| the ductus arteriosus, a small duct that is open during fetal circulation, fails to close at birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to producing disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the study of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the treatment of children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| possessing a stem or stalk (peduncle); characteristic of some polypoid tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the space surrounded by the bones of the hip region |
|
|
Term
| pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
|
Definition
| inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervicitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of the hip bone to determine if delivery of the infant through the vagina is possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| open sore or lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tapping on the surface to determine the underlying structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to through the skin |
|
|
Term
| percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) |
|
Definition
| a catheter with a balloon and stent is inserted into a coronary artery to remove collections of plaque. Drug-eluting stents release chemicals to keep debris and plaque from recollecting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to surrounding the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation surrounding a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scraping or grating sound heard on auscultation of the heart. It is usually symptomatic of pericarditis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluid within the pericardial space surrounding the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the pericardium (double-layered outermost membrane of the heart) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| double-layered membrane surrounding the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid contained in the labyrinth (canals of the inner ear) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suture of the perineum (following an episiotomy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in a male, the external area between the anus and scrotum. In a female, the external area between the anus and the vagina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane that surrounds the tooth in the tooth socket |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dentist specializing in treating the gums |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane surrounding a bone |
|
|
Term
| peripheral nervous system |
|
Definition
| nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves |
|
|
Term
| peripheral vascular disease (PVD) |
|
Definition
| blockage of blood vessels outside the heart. Carotid artery occlusion is an example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rhythmic contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and other tubular structures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdomen) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separation of nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream by introducing fluid into the peritoneal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of visually examining the peritoneum and peritoneal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| double-folded membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the peritoneum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to surrounding the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whooping cough; bacterial infection of the throat, larynx and trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, pinpoint hemorrhages in the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lens of the eye is extracted (cataract removal) using ultrasonic vibrations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell that engulfs another cell or foreign organism and destroys it |
|
|
Term
| phalange or phalanx (pl. phalanges) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to finger and toe bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in preparing and dispensing drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the effects and strength of a drug within the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of drug concentration in body tissues over a period of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of the properties, uses, and actions of drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the properties, uses, and actions of drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| location for preparing and dispensing drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the pharynx or throat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the pharynx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| throat, the common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose; (three divisions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major tranquilizers to control severe disturbances of behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor of cells of the adrenal medulla causing hypersecretion; cells stain a dark or dusky color |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision of a vein for the removal of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mineral found in bones and teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiation therapy using energy in the form of x-rays or gamma rays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal sensitivity to light |
|
|
Term
| photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP) |
|
Definition
| removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carries impulses to the diaphragm from the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sac of hair in the sacral region (above the cleft in the buttocks) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to hair follicles and sebaceous glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small endocrine gland in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pituitary gland (hypophysis) |
|
Definition
| located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica; composed of an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe; secretes many hormones that stimulate growth of bones and influence other glands such as the thyroid, adrenal, and sex glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy. It serves as a communication between maternal and fetal bloodstreams. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| placental implantation over the cervical os (opening) or in the lower region of the uterine wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liquid portion of blood containing proteins, water, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B cell lymphocyte that secretes antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clotting cell or thrombocyte |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| number of platelets per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separation of platelets from the rest of the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a variety of shapes or cell types |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| delicate double-folded membrane surrounding each lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space between the layers of the pleura in the chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of fluid in the pleural cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scratchy sound produced by inflamed or irritated pleural surfaces rubbing against each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the pleura; pleuritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain associated with the pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large, interlacing network of nerves including the lumbosacral, cervical, and brachial plexuses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stitching of folds or tucks in an organ's walls to reduce its size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of collection of dust particles in the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of the lungs; acute, inflammation and infection of the alveoli, which fill with pus, and products of inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity causing the lung to collapse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| foot pain that occurs in the joint of the big toe in gout (gouty arthritis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| variation in the shape of red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of many joints |
|
|
Term
| polycystic kidney disease (PKD) |
|
Definition
| multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase in numbers of red blood cells (erythremia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| polymorphonuclear leukocyte |
|
Definition
| white blood cell with multi-lobe nucleus and dark-staining granules; disease fighting cell or neutrophil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain of many (several) muscles, especially in the shoulders and hips |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of many muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of many nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mushroom-like benign growth extending on a stalk from the surface of a mucous membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| resembling a polyp (benign growth) that protrudes from a base |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the brain anterior to the cerebellum and between the medulla and the rest of the midbrain. It is a bridge connecting varous parts of the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tiny opening on the surface of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines |
|
|
Term
| positron emission tomography (PET scan) of the heart |
|
Definition
| images show blood flow and myocardial function following uptake of radioactive substances |
|
|
Term
| positron emission tomography (PET) |
|
Definition
| positron-emitting radioactive substances given intravenously create a cross-sectional image of cellular metabolism based on local concentration of the radioactive substance. PET scans give information about organ function. |
|
|
Term
| positron emission tomography of the lung |
|
Definition
| radioactive substance is injected into a patient and the images reveal the metabolic activity in the lung for diagnosis of malignant tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to behind the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the back or dorsal side of the body or structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in this position, x-ray beams pass from the back to the front of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to the state shortly after an event such as seizure, stoke, or headache |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an electrolyte important to body processes. The kidney regulates the balance of potassium concentration within the blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to occurring before a malignant condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition in a female of having a developing embryo and fetus in her uterus for about 40 weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fourth and fifth teeth, before the molars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to before birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fold of skin covering the tip of the penis. Also called foreskin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| progressive loss of hearing, occurring in middle and older age; nerve deafness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| impairment of vision associated with middle or older age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a woman during her first pregnancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a woman who has given birth to her first child |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a woman who has given birth to her first child |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of the anus and the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual (endoscopic) examination of the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| symptom that appears before the onset of a more serious illness. An example of a prodrome is the fever that signals the onset of a viral illness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and the placenta of pregnant women; prepares the uterus for pregnancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone that stimulates the uterine lining during pregnancy and is used in treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding and hormone replacement therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state of knowledge before the fact; prediciton of condition going forward after diagnosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secreated by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sliding forward or downward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as applied to the hand and forearm, the act of turning the palm backward or down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lying in a horizontal position with face downward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forward protrusion of the eyeballs; exophthalmos |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| male exocrine gland surrounding the neck of the urinary bladder and urethra. The prostate gland secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of the prostate gland |
|
|
Term
| prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) |
|
Definition
| benign growth of cells within the prostate gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the prostate gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enzyme that digests protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug used to treat AIDS by blocking production of protease, an enzyme that helps HIV to reproduce |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurements of the level of specific proteins in the blood or on the surface of tumor cells; PSA, CA-125, alpha-fetoprotein are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plasma protein converted to thrombin in the clotting process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| test of the ability of blood to clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| detailed plan for treatment of an illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subatomic particles (protons) produced by a cyclotron deposit an absorbed dose of radiation at a finite, focused point in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a location near the point of attachment or beginning of an organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic, recurrent dematosis characterized by scaly, dull red or pink patches covered by silvery gray scales |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialist in the study of the mind (physician) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of treatment of the mind by a physician specialist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of the mind including counseling treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prolapse, drooping, sagging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| point in the life cycle at which the ability to reproduce begins; secondary sex characteristics appear and gametes are produced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the midline of the pelvic bone. It is a slightly movable joint separated by a disk of fibrocartilage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two bones forming the front portion of the hipbone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of pus in the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray recording of lung blood vessels after injecting contrast into the pulmonary artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood vessel carrying oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and then back to the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles of the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clot or material from a distant vein that blocks a blood vessel in the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lung |
|
|
Term
| pulmonary function tests (PFTs) |
|
Definition
| tests that measure the ventilation (breathing) mechanics of the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area of dead tissue in the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| essential parts of the lungs responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dark, central portion of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the pupil of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that relieves constipation and is a strong cathartic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin caused by deficiency of clotting cells (platelets); ecchymoses and petechiae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forming or containing pus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small elevation of the skin containing pus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray record of kidneys (renal pelvis) and urinary tract after contrast is injected (intravenously or retrograde) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision to remove a stone from the renal pelvis of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the renal pelvis and renal medulla |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ring of muscle at the end of the stomach, near the duodenum. It is normally closed, but opens when a wave of peristalsis passes over it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, the opening of the stomach to the duodenum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden involuntary contraction of muscles at the pyloric sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| distal region of the stomach, opening to the duodenum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin disease with formation of pus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pus collection the the pleural cavity. Empyema of the chest. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pus in the urine; sign of urinary tract infection (UTI) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| paralysis of all four limbs; both arms and both legs |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the radius, a bone in the lower arm (thumbside of the wrist) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy carried by a stream of particles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a spinal nerve root |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease of a spinal nerve root |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor cells that are destroyed by radiation therapy |
|
|
Term
| radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) |
|
Definition
| to treat certain cardiac arrhythmias, radiofrequency energy is delivered from the tip of a catheter inserted through a blood vessel into the heart. The treatment destroys or ablates the tissue causing the arrhythmia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one who assists a radiologist in performing diagnostic x-ray procedures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| test combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient's blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radioactive form of an element substance; radionuclide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medical specialty concerned with the study of x-rays and their use in the diagnosis of disease; includes other forms of energy, such as ultrasound and magnetic waves. Also called diagnostic radiology. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| permitting the passage of x-rays. Radiolucent structures appear black on x-ray film. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radioactive form of an element that gives off energy in the form of radiation; radioisotope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radioactive substances (radionuclides) are injected intravenously and scans (images) are taken of organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| obstructing the passage of x-rays. Radiopaque structures appear white on the x-ray film. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radioactive drug (radionuclide plus chemical) that is administered safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor cells that require large doses of radiation to be destroyed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor in which radiation can cause the death of cells without serious damage to surrounding tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that increase the sensitivity of tumors to x-rays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treatment using radiation, high-energy x-rays or other radiation sources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two bones in the lower arm (connecting to the wrist on the thumb side) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal, fine, crackling sound heard on auscultation when there is fluid in the alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in this process, the renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| target substance with which a drug interacts in the body; cellular or nuclear protein that binds to a hormone so that a response can be elicited |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organ that receives a nervous stimulation and passes it on to nerves within the body. The skin, ears, eyes, and taste buds are receptors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| insertion of a gene (region of DNA) from an organism into the DNA of another organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hernia of the wall of the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| last section of the large intestine, connecting the end of the colon and the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lying down (prone or supine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood |
|
|
Term
| red blood cell morphology |
|
Definition
| microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft bone tissue in spongy, cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis (blood cell formation and development) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reconnection of a bone to its normal postion after a fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring light rays into focus on the retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recurrence of symptoms or decline after apparent recovery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| x-ray examination (with contrast) of the vascular system (blood vessels) of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries via surgical repair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination by a pathologist |
|
|
Term
| renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma) |
|
Definition
| cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intermittent, severe pain spasms resulting from stones (calculi) in a ureter or in the kidney (renal pelvis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| failure of the kidney to excrete wastes and maintain its filtration function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition in which blood is held back from the kidney, often by blockage of renal arteries and arterioles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical transfer of a complete kidney from a donor to a recipient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic tube in the kidney in which urine is formed after filtration. In the renal tubule, the composition of urine is altered by the processes of reabsorption and secretion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an enzymatic hormone synthesized, stored, and secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of excision or removal of an organ or part of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exchange of gasses (oxygen and carbon dioxide) at the lung capillaries (external respiration) and at the tissue capillaries (internal respiration). Respiration is the cycle of inspiration and expiration. |
|
|
Term
| respiratory distress syndrome |
|
Definition
| abnormal condition in infants when a protein (surfactant) is missing in the lung tissues. Infants have difficult respiratory function; hyaline membrane disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treats asthma, emphysema, and infections that affect breathing; bronchodilators are respiratory drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which lung expansion is limited by diseases that affect the chest wall, pleura or lung tissue itself. Examples are pulmonary fibrosis, radiation damage, and pneumoconiosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immature erythrocyte with a network of strands (reticulum) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separation of the two layers of the retina from each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the retina with pigmentation and progressive scarring of tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the retina of the eye; childhood malignancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to behind the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| retrograde pyelogram (RP) |
|
Definition
| x-ray imaging of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to behind the peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tipping backward of an organ or a part of the body; as in the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| virus that makes copies of itself using the host cell's DNA, a process that is the reverse of the normal replication mechanism in cells. HIV is a retrovirus. |
|
|
Term
| reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
|
Definition
| drug used to treat AIDS by blocking an enzyme (reverse transcriptase), needed to make copies of HIV. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign tumor of striated, voluntary muscle (attached to bones) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of striated, voluntary muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart disease caused by rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
|
Definition
| chronic inflammatory and painful disease of joints; caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissues (synovial membrane) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| serum (blood minus clotting proteins and cells) is tested for the presence of an antibody found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medical doctor specializing in diagnosis and treatment of joint disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discharge of mucus from the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loud, rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi that are obstructed by sputum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cellular substance that, along with DNA, plays an important role in protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twelve pairs of curved, elongated bones in the chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receives lymph from the right side of the body and empties lymph into a vein in the neck |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| generalized hypertonicity of the muscles. Increased resistance on passive motion in any direction due to steady contraction of flexors and extensors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| photoreceptor retinal cell; essential for seeing objects in low light and for peripheral vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of x-rays; radiology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| circular movement around an axis (central point) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exanthemous viral disease; German measles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exanthemous viral disease; measles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bones of the sacrum (lower back below the lumbar region) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large, triangular bone below the lumbar vertebrae at the dorsal part of the pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vertical plane that divides the body into a right and left portion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| digestive juice produced by salivary glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands that produce saliva (a digestive juice) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of a fallopian tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a fallopian tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the eustachian tube and the throat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause in which small nodules or tubercles develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of flesh or connective tissue such as bone, muscle, fat, and cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| image of an area, organ or tissue of the body obtained from ultrasound, radioactive tracer studies, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the shoulder blade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nerve extending from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain or inflammation radiating down the leg along the sciatic nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to hard, densely packed tumors, overgrown with fibrous tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| white portion of the eyeball |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| procedure to suture a band of silicone on the sclera directly over a detached portion of the retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the sclera |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic and progressive disease of the skin with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blind spot in the field of vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| external sac that contains the testes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sac-like cavity filled with a collection of yellowish, cheesy sebum and epithelial debris |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oil gland in the dermis layer of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition marked by excessive secretion from sebaceous blands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the skin with excessive secretion from sebaceous glands; dandruff |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oily secretion from sebaceous glands in the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mild sleep inducing agent that relaxes a patient without necessarily producing sleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depression in the sphenoid bone at the base of the skull; location of the pituitary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and other glandular secretions) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ejaculated fluid is examined microscopically |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passageways in the inner ear that are associated with maintaining equilibrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| either of paired sac-like male exocrine glands that secrete a fluid into the vas deferens. The seminal fluid is the major component of semen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor within a testis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extracellular deposits of amyloid in the gray matter of the brain characteristic of Alzheimer disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carry messages to the brain and spinal cord from a receptor; afferent nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small holes, present at birth, in the walls between the heart chambers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wall or partition. The interatrial septum lies between the atria of the heart and the interventricular septum is between the ventricles of the heart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a thin, watery fluid (serum) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-infectious inflammation of the middle ear with accumulation of clear fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plasma minus clotting proteins (prothrombin and fibrinogen) and clotting cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of calcium in serum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of an enzyme (creatine) in serum; increased levels occur in muscular dystrophy, polymyositis, and traumatic injuries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals measure in the blood as evidence of a heart attack. Examples are creatine kinase (CK), troponin-I (cTnI), and troponin T (cTnT). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| having no stem; characteristic of some polypoid tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| steroids (androgens and estrogens) produced by the adrenal cortex to influence male and female sexual characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viral (herpes zoster) illness that affects peripheral nerves; produces blisters and pain on the skin overlying the path of peripheral nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to divert; passage to divert flow from one route to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal (excision) of a salivary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a salivary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| salivary gland stone; lodged in a salivary gland or duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hereditary condition marked by abnormal sickle shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adverse effect that routinely results from the use of a drug |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of iron in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fourth and last S-shaped segment of the colon, just before the rectum; empties into the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual endoscopic examination of the sigmoid colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| silica glass dust collects in the lungs; a type of pneumoconiosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study using CT scan or MRI to map treatment before RT is given |
|
|
Term
| single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
|
Definition
| radioactive tracer is injected intravenously and a computer reconstructs a 3D image based on a composite of many views |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensitive nervous tissue in the wall of the right atrium; pacemaker of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hollow, air cavity within a bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of paranasal sinuses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| procedure to remove a suspected malignant lesion and send it to pathology laboratory for microscopic examination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reaction of the body to a substance by observing the results of injecting the substance intrademally or applying it topically to the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden cessation of breathing during sleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| examination of ocular (eye) structures using a slit lamp and microscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor composed of a mass of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| image of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the body; echogram or ultrasound image |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden, involuntary contraction of muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased resistance to sudden passive movements. After the initial resistance, there may be muscle relaxation (clasp knife phenomenon). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to destruction of sperm cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bat-shaped bone that forms part of the base of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase in numbers of sphere-shaped red blood cells, as in hemolytic anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument to measure blood pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cyst protrudes through the defect in the vertebral arch. These conditions can be diagnosed in utero on the basis of elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein after amniocentesis and by ultrasound imaging. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in occulta, the outer part of some of the vertebrae are not completely closed. The split in the vertebrae is so small that the spinal cord does not protrude. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space surrounded by the backbones or spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| series of backbones (vertebrae) located on the posterior side of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the nervous tissue within the spinal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thirty-one pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord. Each spinal nerve affects a particular area of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the neural canal or nerve root canals in the lumbar spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an instrument to measure breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organ adjacent to the stomach (in the LUQ) that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| downward bend of the colon on the left side of the body toward the descending colon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlargement of the spleen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forward slipping or subluxation of one vertebra over another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of the spine characterized by stiffness and fixation of vertebral joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trauma to a joint with pain, swelling, and injury to ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| material expelled from the chest by coughing or by clearing the throat; phlegm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sputum is collected and placed in a growth medium to analyze the type of microorganisms that may be present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin cancer that develops from squamous epithelium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flat, scale-like layer of cells in the epidermis or outer layer of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of evaluating the extent of spread of tumors. An example is the TNM system (tumor-node-metastasis). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of the stapes (third middle ear bone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, stirrup-shaped bone in the middle ear; third ossicle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| berry or spherical shapped bacteria in cluster formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cholesterol-lowering drugs that control hypercholesterolemia in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of sebum in a cyst or sac-like formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fat in the feces; frothy, foul-smelling fecal matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unspecialized cell that gives rise to all forms of specialized cells in the body. Hematopoietic stem cells are found in the bone marrow and lead to the development of all types of blood cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stem cells (immature blood cells) are harvested from the bloodstream of a patient and then reinfused after the patient has received chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tightening, stricture, narrowing |
|
|
Term
| stereotactic radiosurgery |
|
Definition
| does of radiation delivered under stereotactic (highly precise) guidance (gamma knife surgery) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any procedure that removes an individual's ability to produce or release reproductive cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complex substance related to fats, and of which many hormones are made. Examples are estrogens, androgens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhaled or given intravenously and orally to reduce chronic inflammation in respiratory passageways |
|
|
Term
| steroids (cancer therapy) |
|
Definition
| complex, naturally occurring chemicals, such as hormones, that are used in cancer chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument for listening to sounds in the chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that excites and promotes activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agent of change (light, sound, touch) in the internal or external environment that evokes a response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus. The stomach's parts are the fundus (proximal section), body (middle section), and antrum (distal section). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter, fundus, body, rugae, antrum, pylorus, pyloric sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| test for microorganisms present in feces |
|
|
Term
| stool guaiac (Hemoccult test) |
|
Definition
| detection of occult (hidden) blood in feces. Important screening test for colon cancer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal deviation of the pupils; esotropia or exotropia are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a short, simple piece of flexible tube is used (not indwelling). Used for intermittent catheterization or self-catheterization. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle injury involving overstretching of muscle with pain and swelling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outermost layer of the epidermis, consisting of flattened, keratinized cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| berry or spherical shapped bacterium in twisted chain formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of bladder control occurs with strain on the bladder opening during coughing or sneezing |
|
|
Term
| stress test (exercise tolerance test ETT) |
|
Definition
| used to determine the heart's response to physical exertion |
|
|
Term
| striated (skeletal) muscle |
|
Definition
| composed of bands of fibers that make the muscle look striped (striated); attached to bones (voluntary or skeletal muscle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal narrowing of an opening passageway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strained, high-pitched noisy breathing associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchym. Glial cells are the stromal tissue of the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to under the ribs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to under the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the third layer of the skin, under the epidermis and dermis (cutaneous layers). The subcutaneous layer contains fatty tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of blood in the space below the dura mater surrounding the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to below the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to under the tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial or incomplete dislocation of a bone from its joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to under the lower jaw (mandible) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to under the knee cap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to under a nail |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex; fissure |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to on the surface of the body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| as applied to the hand and forearm, the act of turning the palm forward or up |
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Term
|
Definition
| lying horizontally on the back with face upward |
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Term
|
Definition
| lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T cell lymphocytes |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| infectious inflammation of the middle ear with pus formation |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to above the clavicle (collar bone) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to above the pubic bones |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| indwelling catheter is inserted through the lower abdominal wall into the bladder |
|
|
Term
| surgical procedures to treat cancer |
|
Definition
| methods of removing cancerous tissue: cryosurgery, cauterization, en bloc resection, excisional biopsy, exenteration, fulguration, incisional biopsy |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| to unite by stitching; also, the stitch used to unite |
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Term
|
Definition
| immovable, fibrous joint, as between bones of the skull |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| close association between organisms of different species or a state in which two people are emotionally dependent on each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| equality of parts; literally, measured together |
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Term
|
Definition
| autonomic nerves that influence bodily functions involuntarily in times of stress |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
| bones that grow together separated by a piece of fibrocartilage. The pubic symphysis of the pelvis is an example. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| space through which a nervous impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another or from a neuron to another cell, such as a muscle or gland cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to syncope (fainting) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fainting; temporary loss of consciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fusion of fingers or toes; a congenital anomaly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of symptoms that occur together indicating a particular condition or disorder |
|
|
Term
| syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) |
|
Definition
| excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin) leading to water retention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug action in which the combination of two drugs causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space between bones at a synovial joint. It contains synovial fluid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sticky (viscous) fluid within the joint space (synovial cavity) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane lining the synovial joint cavity; produces synovial fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the synovial membrane lining the synovial joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| combination of simple substances to create something new and more complex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (STD) chronic STD caused by a spirochete |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instrument for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flow of blood from body tissues to the heart and from the heart back to the tissues |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) |
|
Definition
| chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of collagen involving joints, skin, kidneys, blood vessels and other organs; affects connective tissue in tendons, ligaments, bones and cartilage all over the body. Marked by a reddish (erythematous) facial rash. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contraction phase of the heartbeat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessively rapid and shallow breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| club foot; foot is fixed in an abnormal position due to a congenital deformity of the ankle and foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| technetium Tc-99m sestamibi scan |
|
Definition
| uptake of a radioactive chemical in myocardium reveals evidence of a heart attach (myocardial infarction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| continuous monitoring of a patient's heart rhythm in a hospital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiation delivered to a tumor from a distant source, such as a linear accelerator or cyclotron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two bones on each side of the skull near the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| connection between the temporal bone of the skull and the mandibular bone of the jaw (lower jaw bone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of tendons; tendonitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of connective tissue that binds muscles to bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a tendon and its sheath or covering |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of a testis or ovary; composed of embryonic cells that develop into different types of tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a testis or testicle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twisting of the spermatic cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone; two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| constant muscle contraction resulting from hypoparathyroidism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that increases cellular metabolism; thyroxine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| four separate defects of the heart occurring at birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the thalamus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| main relay center of the brain. It conducts impulses between the spinal cord and the cerebrum; incoming sensory messages are relayed through the thalamus to appropriate centers in the cerebrum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concentration of a radioactive substance (thallium 201) is measured in the myocardium to show evidence of an infarction ("cold spots") |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to treatment or therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest (pleural space) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the space in the chest surrounded by the ribs, spinal column, breastbone, diaphragm, and chest wall muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large lymphatic vessel in the upper chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twelve backbones in the region of the chest (T1-T12) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endoscopic visual examination of the chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of cutting into the chest; incision of the chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fine vibration felt on palpation (touching) the body over a blood vessel that is blocked |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enzyme necessary for blood clotting (converts fibrinogen to fibrin in the clotting process) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood clotting cell (platelet) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deficiency of clotting cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| injection of drugs (streptokinase and tPA) to dissolve clots in the bloodstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a vein associated with formation of a thrombus or clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of clot formation in a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blockage of a blood vessel caused by thrombosis or clot formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a thrombus (blood clot) usually forms around atherosclerotic plaques. Since blockage of the artery is gradual, onset of symptomatic thrombotic strokes is slower. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of the thymus gland (a lymphocyte-producing gland in the chest); used as treatment for myasthenia gravis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the thymus gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that produces T cell lymphocytes and aids in the immune response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of the thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone in the bloodsteam |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck that secretes the hormone thyroxine (T4) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secretion from the thyroid gland that stimulates cellular metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an iodine 131 radionuclide is administered intravenously, and an image of the size and shape of the thyroid gland is obtained by scanning |
|
|
Term
| thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); thyrotropin |
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete its hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyperthyroidism (overactivity of the thyroid gland). Graves disease is an example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| larger of the two lower leg bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the larger of the two lower leg bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involuntary movement of a small group of muscles, as of the face; characteristic of Tourette syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal infection of the skin; tinea corporis (ringworm) and tinea pedis (athlete's foot) are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ringing, buzzing or roaring sound in the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug action in which larger and larger does must be given to achieve a desired effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of taking a series of images to show an organ in layers or depth |
|
|
Term
| tonic-clonic seizure (grand mal seizure) |
|
Definition
| major (grand mal) convulsive seizure marked by sudden loss of consciousness, stiffening of muscles, and twitching and jerking movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of tension and pressure within the eye; glaucoma test |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| masses of lymphatic tissue on either side of the back of the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body; ointments, lotions, and creams are examples |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a toxin, which is a poison or harmful substance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branch of pharmacology that studies harmful chemicals and their effects on the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| supporting bundles of fibers in cancellous, spongy (soft) bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radionuclides are used as tags, or labels, attached to chemicals and followed as they travel through the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tube leading from the throat to the bronchial tubes. Also called windpipe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new opening of the trachea to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new opening of the trachea to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals |
|
|
Term
| transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) |
|
Definition
| probe is passed down the esophagus. Clearer pictures of the heart are obtained because lungs and bones of the chest do not obscure images. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| literally, to pour across; transference of blood from one person to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to through or across the liver |
|
|
Term
| transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
|
Definition
| transient ischemic attack; symptoms from a CVA that are considered temporary as they are there for a day or so then go away versus residuals that stay forever with the patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells |
|
|
Term
| transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) |
|
Definition
| views of the heart are obtained by moving the transducer to different locations on the chest or abdominal wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to across or through the urethra |
|
|
Term
| transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) |
|
Definition
| excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| horizontal plane running across the body parallel to the ground that divides the body into upper and lower portions. Also called cross-sectional or axial. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involuntary movements resulting from the contraction of opposing muscle groups, producing rhythmic or alternating movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal infection of hair, especially in the area under the arm (axilla) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flashes of stab-like pain along the course of a branch of the trigeminal nerve (5th cranial nerve). The trigeminal nerve has branches to the eye, upper jaw and lower jaw. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acid and one part glycerol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| triangular area in the urinary bladder in which the ureters enter and the urethra exits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the trigone of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone secreted by the thyroid gland (contains three atoms of iodine); stimulates cellular metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large process at the neck of the femur (thigh bone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization from occurring (sterilization procedure) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chest tube is passed through an opening in the skin of the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rounded process on many bones for attachment of muscles and tendons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| determines past or present exposure to tuberculosis based on a positve skin test (PPD, tine, and Mantoux tests) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lungs are usually involved but other organs may be affected. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, rounded process on a bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure bone and air conduction of sound through the ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane between the outer and middle ear; eardrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the eardrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| open sore on the skin or mucous membranes of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| growth that has open, exposed surfaces resulting from death of overlying tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers; a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two bones in the lower arm; connects to the wrist on the little finger side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ultrasonography (US, U/S) |
|
Definition
| diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they echo off parts of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of the navel or umbilicus, located between the right and left lumbar regions. Located below the epigastric region and above the hypogastric region. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| upper gastrointestinal series |
|
Definition
| x-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive amount of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new opening of the ureters to an isolated portion of the ileum that has been removed from its normal location and connected to the outside of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision of a ureter for removal of a stone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical transplantation of a ureter to a new site in the urinary bladder. This occurs with a kidney transplant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of a ureter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of bladder control occurs with inability to hold back urination when feeling the urge to void |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an acidic nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of uric acid in serum; high levels are associated with gouty arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hollow muscular sac that holds and stores urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tube is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder to drain urine or to inject dy or other solutions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involuntary passage of urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to pass urine, which is held back in the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of expelling urine; also called micturition |
|
|
Term
| urniary microalbumin test |
|
Definition
| measures small quatities of albumin in urine as a marker of diabetic nephropathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of taking x-ray images of the urinary tract after injecting contrast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of study of urinary tract / male reproductive system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute allergic reaction in which red, round, elevated swollen areas called wheals appear on the skin. Pruritus may be intense. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tipping forward of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outermost layer surrounding the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscular organ in a female that nourishes the developing embryo during pregnancy and from which menstruation occurs; womb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the uvea, which is the vascular layer of the eye (including the iris, choroids, and ciliary body) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal (excision) of the uvula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| introduction of a vaccine (containing dead or weakened antigen) to produce immunity. It is a type of acquired immunity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| weakened or dead antigen is administered to induce production of antibodies resulting in immunity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the vagus nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscular, mucosa-lined canal extending from the uterus to the exterior of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opening of the vagina to the exterior of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the vagina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tenth cranial nerve; its branches reach to the larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, aorta, esophagus, and stomach. Unlike the other cranial nerves, the vagus leaves the head and "wanders" into the abdominal and thoracic cavities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| structure in a vein or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that flood flows in the proper direction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of a valve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exanthamous viral disease marked by itchy red rach that develops into blisters and pustules and then scabs; chicken pox |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| swollen, twisted veins, often occurring in the legs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrow tube (one on each side) that carries sperm from the epididymis into the body and toward the urethra. Also called ductus deferens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that narrows blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| widening of a blood vessel; vasodilatation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug that widens blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new opening (anastomosis) of the ends of a severed vas deferens. This surgical procedure reverses a vasectomy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collections of clotted material that accumulates on endocardium and valves of the heart in conditions such as endocarditis and rheumatic heart disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin-walled blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor (deoxygenated) blood from body tissues back to the heart |
|
|
Term
| vena cava (pl. venae cavae) |
|
Definition
| largest vein in the body. The venae cavae (inferior and superior) return blood to the heart from the body tissues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision of a vein to remove blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ventilation-perfusion scan (V/Q scan) |
|
Definition
| a detection device records radioactivity after an injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas |
|
|
Term
| ventilation-perfusion studies |
|
Definition
| radiopharmaceutical is inhaled (ventilation) and injected intravenously (perfusion) followed by imaging its passage through the respiratory tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the front or anterior of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of two lower chambers of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small benign growth (wart) in the skin; caused by a virus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tumor, whose growth pattern, resembles a wart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a bone of the spinal column, backbone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the backbone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal sensation of moving in space or having objects move about you in space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small blister, containing clear fluid, on the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| backflow of urine from the urinary bladder to the ureters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the cochlea and semicircular canals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to the vestibule and cochlea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| internal organs. Singular form is viscus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream. Singular form is villus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the liver caused by a virus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measures the amount of HIV in the blood stream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pieces of DNA from viruses that infect a normal cell and cause it to become malignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an infectious agent that reproduces by entering a host cell and using the host's genetic material to make copies of itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to internal organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle that lines the walls of internal organs; smooth or involuntary muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| innermost membrane of the pleura, lying closest to the lung tissue itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of clearness of vision; assessed by reading letters of decreasing size on an eye chart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measurement of the area in front of the eye in any part of which an object is seen without moving the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| patches of white, unpigmented skin surrounded by areas of normal skin; leukoderma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of vitreous humor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft, jelly-like material that fills the inner vitreous chamber of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emptying of urine from the urinary bladder; urination or micturition |
|
|
Term
| voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) |
|
Definition
| x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding urine |
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Definition
| transmitted by blood transfusions or needle inoculation. |
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Definition
| thin plate of bone that forms part of the nasal septum, which is the wall separating the nostrils |
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Definition
| external female genitalia; includes the labia, hymen, clitoris, and vaginal orifice |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the vulva and vagina |
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Definition
| weight loss and decrease in muscle strength, appetite, and mental activity that occurs with AIDS |
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Term
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Definition
| specific test to detect presence of anti-HIV antibodies in the bloodstream |
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Definition
| round elevation in the skin with a pale, whitish area surrounded by redness; hives |
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Definition
| continuous high-pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration |
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Term
| white blood cell (WBC) differential |
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Definition
| percentage of the total white blood cell count made up by different types of leukocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood |
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Term
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Definition
| soft, yellowish, round nodule found on the eyelids; xanthelasma |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| condition of excessive dryness of the eye |
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Definition
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Definition
| lower, narrow portion of the sternum (breastbone) |
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Term
| yellow bone marrow (matter) |
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Definition
| fatty tissue in the shaft of long bones |
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Definition
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