Term
| Steps of the scientific method |
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Definition
problem, background research, hypothesis, experiment, record observations, draw conclusions and different scientist run
same experiment. |
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Term
| Give an example of scientific method |
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Definition
| your in a basketball game and your down by 4 points with only 30 seconds left. The most possible points you can score is 3, so you have to figure out the best solution to get 4 points before the buzzer goes off. Scoring a 3pt. shot with the intention of being fouled could be a possible method. |
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Term
| Define "control" in experiments |
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Definition
| the thing of group not being tested |
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Term
| 4 organic macromolecules & their function |
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Definition
Nucleic Acid- genetic info & production of protein
Carbs- short term energy storage
Proteins- chemical signals and structures of our body
Lipids- long term energy storage |
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Term
| What indicates a (+) test for simple sugars? |
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Definition
| whether or not the test tube with the benedict solution changed from blue to burnt orange after being in boiling water for a few minutes |
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Term
| What is a (+) test for starch? |
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Definition
| A (+) test for starch would be if the material turned to a black color after the IKI was added. |
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Term
| What is a (+) test for protein? |
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Definition
| A (+) test for protein would be if the biuret reagent turned from blue to purple. |
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Term
| When to use compound microscope? |
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Definition
| Compound microscope provides greater magnification, but only very thin specimens can be viewed. |
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Term
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Definition
| views large objects at lower magnifications |
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Term
| Can you calculate the total magnification if given objective lens and eye piece? |
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Definition
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Term
| Resolution Vs. Magnification..whats the difference? |
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Definition
Magnification is enlarging the specimen.
Resolution increases the level of detail that we can see. |
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Term
| Describe steps and materials needed to prepare a wet mount. |
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Definition
Cover slip, a microscope slide, the specimen, and distilled water.
1. place a microscope slide on the center of the slide
2. put a drop of distilled water on the center of the slide
3. place the specimen in the drop
4. place the cover slip down at 45 degree angle so that the water is pulled against the slip
5. using a toothpick lower the coverslip slowly down onto the specimen |
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Term
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Definition
| Osmosis is movement through the membrane and diffusion is movement without a membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration |
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Term
| Passive v. Active transport |
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Definition
Passive transport doesn't need ATP and goes from high to low concentration
Active transport need ATP and goes from low to high concentration. |
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Term
| Study the cell membrane diagram |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of a cell membrane? |
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Definition
| The function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. Its selectively permeable |
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Term
| What happened in lab with the artificial cell that indicated this function? |
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Definition
| A few substances that were inside the cell membrane remained inside and some substances exited the membrane such as the chloride ion and glucose. |
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Term
| What would happen to a cell in hypertonic solution? |
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Definition
| it would shrink because water left the cell and there was more salt inside |
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Term
| What would happen to a cell in hypotonic solution? |
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Definition
| it would swell because water filled the cell and there was less salt inside |
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Term
| What would happen to a cell in isotonic solution? |
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Definition
| the cell remains normal because they have equal water concentration. |
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Term
| What is the term if a plant cell bursts? Shrinks? |
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Definition
Turgid- plant cell bursts
Plasmolysis-plant cell shrink |
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Term
| What is the term if an animal cell bursts? Shrinks? |
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Definition
Lyse- Animal cell bursts
Crenate- Animal cell shrinks |
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Term
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Definition
Catalyst- a chemical involved in, but not changed by a chemical reaction.
Most enzymes function by lowering the activation of energy.
A proteins shape determines its function. |
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Term
| State 3 enzyme factors that can speed or slow chemical reactions. |
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Definition
| Temperature, pH, and activation. |
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Term
| Importance of chlorophyll to photosynthesis? why is it needed? and what does it do? |
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Definition
| Chlorophyll absorbs all wavelengths of visible light except green. It's important for photosynthesis because it collects light. |
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Term
| 2 Phases of photosynthesis. |
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Definition
Light reaction- requiring the direct energy of light to make energy carrier molecules
Dark reaction-don't require light and take place during the daytime |
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Term
| What is cellular respiration? Where does it happen? |
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Definition
| Cellular respiration takes glucose apart for the production of ATP. The first step takes place in the cytoplasm the rest in the mitochondria. |
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Term
| What are the phases or aerobic respiration? |
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Definition
| Glycolysis, prep reaction, Krebs cycle, and electron transport system. |
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Term
| Know the pics for mitosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Meiosis Vs Mitosis. How do they differ in resulting numbers of cells and chromosomes number differ? |
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Definition
Meiosis- is the division of a germ cell resulting in four gametes.(4 cells,23 chomo)
Mitosis-a process of cell division resulting in two genetically daughter cells (46 chromosomes.) |
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Term
What is the unique event of prophase I?
why is it so important to sexual reproduction? |
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Definition
The unique event is " crossing over".
Its so important bcuz genetic variation. (without it the same genetic material would be transferred to the next generation causing "twins". you would look like your mom or dad.) |
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Term
| DNA structure and components. |
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Definition
| Phosphate bonds, sugars, and Nitrogen bases (adenine, thymine, Guanine, Cytosine) |
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Term
| RNA differences with DNA. |
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Definition
| RNA contains uracil, theres 3 types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA) |
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Term
| Difference between translation and transcription. Where does each take place in the cell? |
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Definition
Transcription makes RNA copies of individual genes. Located in nucleus.
Translation synthesizes proteins.
Location in cytoplasm. |
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Term
| State Darwins 4 points of Natural Selection. |
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Definition
| Adaptation, variation, overproduction, and survival of the fittest. |
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Term
| Give 3 categories of data that support scientific evidence of evolution. |
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Definition
| Fossils, embryology, and survival of the fittest |
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Term
| What are the basic shapes of bacteria? |
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Definition
| Cocci, Bacilli, and Spirilli |
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