Term
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Definition
| from the birth of the product until it is replace |
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Term
| components of creative work environments |
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Definition
- challenging work
- organizational encouragement
- supervisory encouragement
- work group encouragement
- freedom
- lack of organizational impediments
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Term
| multifunctional teams/ benefits |
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Definition
- work teams composed of people from different departments
- diversity, bring perspective, speed
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Term
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Definition
| forces that produce differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time |
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Term
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Definition
| forces that support the existing state of condition in organizations |
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Term
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Definition
| opposition to change resulting from self-interest, misunderstanding and distrust, and a general intolerance for change |
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Term
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Definition
| getting the people affected by change to believe that change is needed |
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Term
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Definition
| the process used to get workers and managers to change their behavior and work practices |
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Term
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Definition
| supporting and reinforcing new changes so that they stick |
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Term
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Definition
| manage change; the person formally in charge of guiding a change effort |
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Term
| multinational corporation |
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Definition
| a corporation that owns businesses in two or more countries |
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Term
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Definition
| government-imposed regulations that increase the cost and restrict the number of imported goods |
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Term
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Definition
| exporting, cooperative contract, licensing, franchise, strategic alliances, joint venture, wholly owned affiliates, global new ventures |
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Term
| factors in determining global location |
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Definition
| economic stability, politics, socio-culture, purchasing power, workforce |
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Term
| impacts of cultural differences |
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Definition
think global, act local
adapt to the local culture |
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Term
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Definition
- someone who lives and works outside his or her native country
- language and cross-cultural training
- spouse, family and dual-career issues
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Term
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Definition
| subdividing work and workers into separate organizational units responsible for completing particular tasks |
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Term
| functional departmentalization |
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Definition
| organizing work and workers into separate units responsible for particular business functions or areas of expertise |
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Term
| product departmentalization |
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Definition
| separate units responsible for producing particular products or service |
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Term
| customer departmentalization |
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Definition
| responsible for particular kinds of customers |
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Term
| geographic departmentalization |
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Definition
| responsible for doing business in particular geographic areas |
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Term
| matrix departmentalization |
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Definition
| a hybrid organizational structure in which two or more forms of departmentalization, most often product and functional, are used together |
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Term
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Definition
| the vertical of authority that clarifies who reports to whom throughout the organization |
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Term
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Definition
the right to command immediate subordinates in the chain of command
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Term
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Definition
| the right to advise, but not command, others who are not subordinates in the chain of command |
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Term
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Definition
| a management principle that workers should report to just one boss |
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Term
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Definition
| the assignment of direct authority and responsibility to a subordinate to complete tasks for which the manager is normally responsible; authority has to come with the task |
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Term
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Definition
| the location of most authority at the upper levels of the organization |
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Term
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Definition
| the location of a significant amount of authority in the lower levels of the organization |
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Term
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Definition
| a job composed of a small part of a larger task or process |
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Term
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Definition
| periodically moving workers from one specialized job to another to give them more variety and the opportunity to use different skills |
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Term
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Definition
| increasing the number of tasks in a particular job and giving workers the authority and control to make meaningful decisions about their work |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a job gives workers the discretion, freedom, and independence to decide how and when to accomplish the job |
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Term
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Definition
| redesigning the business process; the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service, and speed |
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Term
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Definition
| traditional work group, employee involvement teams, semi-autonomous work group, self-managing teams, self-designing team, cross-functional team, virtual team, project team |
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Term
| disadvantages of using teams |
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Definition
- if you need to make a quick decision
- when one person can do the job
- groupthink
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Term
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Definition
o Work with more information to make discussion productive rather than contentious.
o Generate several alternative solutions. Two solutions will generate debate. More than two will generate productive discussion.
o Establish common goals.
o Use your sense of humor.
o Create and maintain a balance of power.
o Do not force consensus.
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Term
| stages of team development |
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Definition
- forming
- storming
- norming
- performing
- de-norming
- de-storming
- de-forming
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Term
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Definition
| team members meet each other, form initial impressions, and begin to establish team norms |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by conflict and disagreement, in which team members disagree over what the team should do and how it should do it |
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Term
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Definition
| team members begin to settle their roles, group cohesion grows, and positive team norms develop |
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Term
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Definition
| performance improves because the team has matured into an effective, fully functioning team |
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Term
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Definition
| the average level of ability, experience, personality, or any other factor on a team |
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Term
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Definition
| the variances or differences in ability, experience, personality, or any other factor on a team |
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Term
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Definition
| skills, such as listening, communicating, questioning, and providing feedback, that enable people to have effective working relationships with others |
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Term
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Definition
| a legitimate qualification; an exception in employment law that permits sex, age, religion, and the like to be used when making employment decisions, but only if they are "reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business" |
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Term
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Definition
| intentional discrimination that occurs when people are purposely not given the same hiring, promotion, or membership opportunities because of their race, color, sex, age, ethnic group, national origin, or religious beliefs |
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Term
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Definition
| unintentional discrimination that occurs when members of a particular race, sex, or ethnic group are unintentionally harmed or disadvantaged because they are hired, promoted, or trained at substantially lower rates than others |
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Term
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Definition
| used to determine if adverse impact has occurred |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of sexual harassment in which unwelcome and demeaning sexually related behavior creates an intimidating and offensive work environment |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of sexual harassment in which employment outcomes, such as hiring, promotion, or simply keeping one's job, depend on whether an individual submits to sexual harassment |
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Term
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Definition
- the process of developing a pool of qualified job applicants from people who already work in the company
- job posting/ career path
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Term
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Definition
| the process of developing a pool of qualified job applicants from outside the company |
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Term
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Definition
| tests that measure the extent to which an applicant possesses the particular kind of ability needed to do a job well |
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Term
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Definition
| tests that measure the extent to which applicant have abilities in perceptual speed, verbal comprehension, numerical aptitude, general reasoning, and spatial aptitude |
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Term
biographical data
biodata |
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Definition
| extensive surveys that ask applicants questions about their personal backgrounds and life experiences |
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Term
work sample tests
performance tests |
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Definition
| tests that require applicants to perform tasks that are actually done on the job |
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Term
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Definition
| a series of managerial simulations, graded by trained observers, that are used to determine applicants' capability for managerial work |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of assessing how well employees are doing their jobs |
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Term
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Definition
| a performance appraisal process in which feedback is obtained from the boss, subordinates, peer, and the employees themselves |
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Term
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Definition
| a variety of demographic, cultural, and personal differences among an organization's employees and customers |
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Term
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Definition
- reduce costs by avoiding law suits
- attracts and retains talented workers
- drives business growth
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Term
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Definition
| purposeful steps taken by an organization to create employment opportunities for minorities and women |
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Term
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Definition
| differences such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and physical disabilities that are observable, typically unchangeable, and easy to measure |
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Term
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Definition
| differences such as personality and attitudes that are communicated through verbal and nonverbal behaviors and are learned only through extended interaction with others |
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Term
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Definition
| age, sex, race/ethnicity, disability |
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Term
| reasonable workplace accomodations |
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Definition
| changing work schedules, modifying equipment, or providing assistance when needed |
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Term
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Definition
- methods managing diversity
- discrimination and fairness
- access and legitimacy
- learning and effectiveness
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Term
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Definition
| formal assessments that measure employee and management attitudes, investigate the extent to which people are advantaged or disadvantaged with respect to hiring and promotions, and review companies' diversity-related policies and procedures |
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Term
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Definition
| designed to raise employees awareness of diversity issues |
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Term
| skills-based diversity training |
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Definition
o teaches employees the practical skills they need for managing a diverse work force such as flexibility and adaptability, negotiations, problem solving, and conflict resolution
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