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Mountain Geo Final
N/A
46
Geography
Undergraduate 4
12/17/2012

Additional Geography Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
List 5 reasons why it is important to study mountains
Definition
  1. They give us beneficial resources
  2. They have high biodiversity
  3. Spirituality is associated with mountains
  4. They help us understand plate tectonics
  5. They are natural barriers
Term
4 factors that caused prehistoric attitudes towards mountains to be negative
Definition

- People thought mythical beasts lived in the mountains

-Volcanoes were a sign of displeasure of mountain gods

- Harsh conditions caused fear

-Altitude sickness

Term
What are the 3 criteria for mountains
Definition
  1. High relief (300 m)
  2. steep slopes
  3. distinct climate and vegetation
Term
3 criteria of high mountains
Definition
  1. Above treeline
  2. cryonival processes
  3. evidence of Pleistocene glaciation
Term
The Himalayas are formed by the collision of these 2 plates
Definition
Indian and Eurasian
Term
The Andes are formed by the collision of these 2 plates
Definition
Nazca and South American
Term
The cascades are formed by the collision of these 2 plates
Definition
Juan de fuca and North American plate
Term
The            is/ are a good example of a tilted fault-block mountain range
Definition
Sierra Nevadas
Term
The              is/ are and example of a folded mountain range
Definition
Appalachians
Term
Density, thickness, and rock type of continental crust
Definition

Density-2.7 g/cm3

Thickness- 25-70 km

Rock type- granitic

Term
Density, thickness, and rock type of oceanic crust
Definition

Density-3 g/cm3

Thickness- 7-10 km

Rock type- basaltic

Term
The most sacred mountain in the world and its location
Definition

Mt Kailas

Tibet

Term
The Nevada mountain range is formed by this kind of stress
Definition
tension
Term
The flatirons are a good example of this kind of fault
Definition
high angle reverse fault
Term
Some characteristics of sacred mountains (5)
Definition

-axis mundi

-local relief

-snow-symbolizes purity

-Gods live in the mountains

-mountains as places of revelation

 

Term
Differences between shield volcanoes and composite volcanoes
Definition

Shield- gentle slope, basaltic magma, occur at hot spots

Composite- steep slopes, andesitic/granitic composition, explosive, occur at subduction zones

Term
3 types of plate collisions, landform associated with each, and an example
Definition
  1. Oceanic-Oceanic, island arcs, Aleutian islands
  2. Oceanic-Continental, mountains, Andes
  3. Continental-continental, complex mountains, Himalayas
Term
Solar radiation generally            with increasing elevation
Definition
increases
Term
The name of the feature that connects a supragracial stream to a subglacial stream is a                
Definition
moulin
Term
4 major controls of mtn climate
Definition

Altitude

Latitude 

Topography

Continentiality

 

Term
"in tropical mountains it is summer every day and              every night"
Definition
winter
Term
For an avalanche to occur there must be a         layer of snow over a        layer of snow
Definition
strong, weak
Term
When skiing, always be aware that maximum               (type of stress) occurs where there is a roll in the terrain (convexity)
Definition
tension
Term
The humidity in the pore space of a seasonal snowpack is always about         
Definition
100%
Term
The type of solid water intermediate in time and in density between seasonal snow and glacial ice is called             
Definition
neve
Term
If you are caught in an avalanche, your most likely chances of living are rescue by            
Definition
a friend
Term
An unconsolidated mass of dirt and rocks deposited by a glacier is called a(n)             
Definition
moraine
Term
V-shaped river valleys that have been glaciated become    
Definition
U-Shaped
Term
Ice cores can be used to obtain information of past          
Definition
glacial activity
Term
Provide 2 synonyms for chinook winds
Definition
Santa Ana Winds and Zande Winds
Term
If the annual snowfall accumulation is greater than ablation, The ELA will be          
Definition
lower
Term
What are the 3 conditions necessary for snow to form in the atmosphere?
Definition
  1. Temp less than or equal to 0 degrees C
  2. 100% humidity
  3. Super cooling of water to molecules to ice nuclei (riming)
Term
Name 4 components of the morphology of a slab avalanche and give the force associated with 3 of the 4 components
Definition

Crown-tension

Staunchwall- compression

Bed- shear

Flanks

Term
A snowpack is composed primarly of these 2 components
Definition
ice crystals and air
Term
What is a glacier?
Definition
Glacial ice that moves
Term
Why don't avalanches occur on slopes above 45 degrees
Definition
because the shear stress is too strong and gravity is too efficient so snow does not accumulate.
Term
Precursor mountain range to the Colorado Front Range
Definition
Frontrangia
Term
The Laramide Orogeny was caused by the subduction of the           plate
Definition
Farallon
Term
Name 6 Colorado mountain ranges presented in class except the front range and the San Juan Mountains
Definition
  1. Gore range
  2. Elk Range
  3. Park Range
  4. Mosquito Range
  5. Never Summer Range
  6. Collegiate Range
Term
The granite that forms Half-dome and El Capitan in the Yosemite Valley was emplaced during the Nevadan Orogeny            mya
Definition
210
Term
Half-dome and el capitan in Yosemite Valley are glacial feature called               
Definition
nunataks
Term
Mineral deposits in Colorado mountains were emplaced during the                orogeny
Definition
Laramide
Term
the most important axiom in mountain warfare is:
Definition
the high ground has the advantage
Term
The mountains to the east of the Himilayas are called the                                mountains
Definition
Hangduan
Term
4 reasons that mountains act as water towers
Definition
  1. Glaciers store water
  2. snowpack stores water
  3. increase precipitation with increase elevation
  4. snow melts slowly and it causes an effect similar to drip irrigation
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