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Motor Control - Lecture 1
Examination Types
12
Philosophy
Undergraduate 4
06/30/2008

Additional Philosophy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Constant Error
Definition
Mean signed difference between movement enacted and goal.
Term
Variable Error
Definition

Standard deviation of the constant error.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Term
Inaccurate and Inconsistent
Definition
Low variable error with high constant error
Term
Accurate
Definition
Term
Consitent but Inaccurate
Definition
High constant error with low variable error.
Term
What technique is used  that examines the amount of blood flow and has good spatial resolution?
Definition
fMRI - measures the amount of deoxygenated blood to oxygenated blood
Term
What technique measures electrical signals and has good temporal resolution but poor spatial?
Definition
EEG or Electroencephalography: Limited to the superficial structures such as the cortex, cannot reach the thalamus, basal ganglia and medulla as well.
Term
What are the three types of interference studies?
Definition
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), Using patients with prior lesions, and the Infliction of lesions upon animal subjects.
Term
What are some of the complications with Patient populations used for interference studies?
Definition

-It is difficult to know the full extent of the damage. (Small regions of damage can result in extreme deficits, and vice versa)

-The brain is cortically plastic and can compensate for itself. 

 

Term
What are some of the advantages of animal trials over human trials in regards to deficit studies.
Definition

-Lesions can be controlled either permanently or temporarily as in the case of anesthesia.

-Single neurons can be controlled with electrodes, which cannot happen in human studies.

-Areas of the brain can also be stimulated with electrodes.

Term
What are some of the disadvantages to animal studies?
Definition

-Time consuming.

-Requires inference between correlation of animal and human brains

-Sacrafice of animal

Term
What occurs with TMS? What are the advantages?
Definition

TMS requires breif pulses of magnetic stimulation which excites tissue producing a response.

 

-Can be used to map out the homunculus of the motor cortex, but is limited to superficial structures.

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