Term
| How far must intra-articular fx be displaced to be a candidate for sx? |
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Definition
| 2 mm. 1mm for distal radial fx |
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Term
| What is the most common method of injury causing a distal phalanx fx? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common hand fx? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| *intra-articular* fx/dislocation of base of 1st metacarpal. sm fragment of 1st metacarpal cont to articulate w/trapezium. tx: sx. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most commonly injured carpal bone; common in what population? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common elbow fx in children btwn age 2-12? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of elbow fx commonly involves nn damage? which n is most common? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| lateral oblique ap. fat pad sign |
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|
Term
| When should a shoulder series x-ray include axillary view? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How are most humerus fx tx? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 types of proximal humerus fxs |
|
Definition
| 1: head. 2: greater tubercle. 3. lesser tubercle. 4. shaft |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common bony injury? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is one of the hardest bones to break? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the usual cause of patella fx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common tibial fx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With what type of force are tibial injuries usually associated? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 tibia fx and how you tx |
|
Definition
| intraarticular: plateau or plafond: sx. long leg cast for shaft |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| at the base of the 5th metatarsal. if not immobilized correctly, non-union is high. |
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|
Term
| How many cervical vertebrae, nn? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Most cervical disc syndromes occur where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the end result of cervical disc space narrowing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the reproduction of the patient's nerve symptoms by movements of the neck. It is performed by extending the neck, rotating the head, and then applying downward pressure on the head. The test is considered positive if pain radiates into the limb ipsilateral to the side that the head is rotated to. |
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Term
|
Definition
| ant subluxation of c2 on c3 |
|
|
Term
| Drugs that cause torticollis |
|
Definition
| phenothiazine: chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine |
|
|
Term
| nexus criteria for cervical spine radiography |
|
Definition
| no post midline c-spine tenderness. no evidence of intoxication or drugs. nml level of consciousness. no focal neuro deficits. no painful distracting injuries. |
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Term
|
Definition
| any high risk factors that mandate radiography? an low-risk factors that allow safe assessment of rom? pt actively rotate neck 45 deg to l and r? |
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|
Term
| most common cause of structural scoliosis |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cobb angle <20deg: observation. cobb angle 20-40 deg: tlso "milwaukee" brace, exercise (not corrective; prevents progression. cobb angle >45deg: sx |
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|
Term
| where does lumbar disc disease commonly occur |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| osteophyte formation predominantly at the ant/lat aspect of sup and inf margins of vertebral bodies |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| spondylosisthesis: definition and most common location? |
|
Definition
| vertebral slipping most common at l5-s1 |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What pathology involves upper>lower extremity weakness w/varying degrees of sensory loss? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does osteophyte formation predominantly occur w/spondylosis? |
|
Definition
| ant/lat aspects of sup and inf margins of vertebral bodies |
|
|
Term
| Ant cord syndrome typically observed w/ what cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is cauda equina syndrome tx? what imaging modality is used? |
|
Definition
| true neuro emergency. use mri |
|
|
Term
| Classic lesion for ankylosing spondylitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reactive arthritis triad/tetrad |
|
Definition
| non-gonococcal urethritis. conjunctivits. arthritis. 4: mucocutaneous lesions. |
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|
Term
| Main sign of multiple myeloma. Most common location. x-ray |
|
Definition
| back pain, bone pain. spine most common. punched-out lesions |
|
|
Term
| xs synthesis and secretion of free monoclonal light chains |
|
Definition
| bence jones proteinuria: multiple myeloma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disordered eating, menstural dysfunction, osteoporosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| osteoporosis- biconcave shape |
|
|
Term
| bouchard's, heberdeen's nodes |
|
Definition
| dip: heberdeen's. pip: bouchard's. bo: degenerative arthritis |
|
|
Term
| mainstay of arthritis and gout tx |
|
Definition
| antiinflammatories: indomethacin |
|
|
Term
| most common effected jts: psoriatic arthritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 way psoriatic arthritis is dx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common agent in infectious non-gonococcal arthritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reiter's syndrome now known as |
|
Definition
| reactive seronegative spondyloarthropathy arthritis |
|
|
Term
| How do you tx infectious non-gonococcal arthritis (septic jt)? |
|
Definition
| inpt: abx*, drainage, involve ortho EARLY |
|
|
Term
| *migratory* polyarthralgias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| limping child, esp hip w/persistent bacteremia. what do you suspect? how do you dx? danger? pathogen w/sickle cell? |
|
Definition
| infectious non-gonococcal arthritis- pet scan/bone scan. will destruct jt w/in 2 weeks of untx septic jt. sickle cell most common-salmonella |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 cause of erythema nodosum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common place for sarcoidosis jt dz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gradual onset w/pain worse at night. what dz do you suspect? what do xrays show? |
|
Definition
| tb bone/jt: potts. lipping. |
|
|
Term
| what do you do w/bone tumors and tumor-like lesions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common location for tumor arising in osteoblastic tissue: osteoid osteoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common primary bone malignancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common primary tumor of hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neurogenic arthropathy: xray enlarged, boggy, painless jt w/erosion, loose bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| #1: this is sterile; don't infect w/needle. tx inflammation. |
|
|
Term
| most common metabolic bone dz |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx osteoporosis 4 main drugs |
|
Definition
| biphosphonates- inhibit osteoclast, estrogen- reduce osteoclast activity, calcitonin-regulate bone remodeling, pth- stimulate osteoblast (also vitd/ca2+, raloxifene) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| juvenile chronic arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| short duration flare up of arthritis- 20% develop ra |
|
|
Term
| mainstay of rheumatology medications |
|
Definition
| anti-inflammatory medications. prednisone. |
|
|
Term
| how do you tx fibromyalgia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sicca: dry eyes, mouth. ra. parotid gland enlargement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common ankle injury d/t structural anatomy |
|
Definition
| inversion injury: atfl>cfl>ptfl |
|
|
Term
| how serious is a high ankle sprain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unstable fx of prox fibula, disruption of deltoid lig, and syndesmosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| colles fx: 74% all forearm fx |
|
|
Term
| most common soft tissue tumor of hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where in the hand is osteoarthritis most common |
|
Definition
| f-10x more in non-dominant hand, base of thumb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
septic tensynovitis: (fussiform swelling, semi-flexed
position, pain with passive stretch,
pain along flexor tendon sheath) |
|
|
Term
| forearm fx: adults vs. children |
|
Definition
| adults usually unstable, children can usually be reduced |
|
|
Term
| no of views for a scaphoid fx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most common carpal
instability pattern |
|
Definition
(loss of
linkage scaphoid-lunate)- Scapholunate Ligament Tear |
|
|
