Term
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Definition
| prescribed decimal that determines the amount of rounding off to be done based on the precision of the measurement |
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Term
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Definition
| is known to be absolutely correct and is obtained by counting or by definition |
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Definition
| believed to be correct, involves one estimation by the person making and recording measurement |
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Definition
| scientific question that can be answered by experiment |
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Term
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Definition
| an educated predictiona bout how the independent variable will affect the dependent variable stated in a way that is testible (If . . then . . because) |
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Definition
| the variable that is charged on purpose (I vary)(X) |
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Term
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Definition
| the variable that responds to the independent variable (Y) |
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Term
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Definition
| a factor in an experiment that is kept the same in all trials |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of times an experiment is repeated |
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Term
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Definition
| the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested |
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| the application of science for practial purposes |
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Definition
| a summary of many experimental results and observations; a law tells how things work |
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Definition
| an explanation for some phenomenon that is based on observations, experimentation and reasoning |
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Definition
| the ability and willingess to assess claims critically and to make judgments |
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Term
| negative terminal (electrode) |
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Definition
| an electrode made of a metal such as zinc that accumulates negative charge (gains electrodes) |
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Term
| positive terminal (electrode) |
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Definition
| an electrode made of a metal such as copper that accumulates positive charge (loses electrons) |
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Term
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Definition
| a liquid solution or paste whose molecules spontaneously separate into positively or negatively charged atoms or groups of atoms called ions. |
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Definition
| a series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting date, formulating a hypothesis and stating conclusions |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the straight-line distance between two points |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the amount of matter in an object |
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Term
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Definition
| the exactness of a measurement (built into the masuring device) |
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Term
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Definition
| a description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured (reflects the skill of the person measuring device) |
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Term
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Definition
| the studey of non-living matter and energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of obtaining information by using the senses |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the size of an object or region in three-dimensional space (the space an object takes up) |
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Definition
| a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object |
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Term
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Definition
| a method of expressing a quantity as a number multiplied by 10 to the appropriate power |
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Term
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Definition
| any pice of information acquired through observation or experimentation |
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Term
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Definition
| a pattern, plan, representation or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system or concept |
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Definition
| the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of a substance D = m/v |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
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Term
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Definition
| an object's change in position relative to a reference point |
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Term
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Definition
| the change in position of an object |
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Term
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Definition
| the distance traveled divided by the time interval during which the motion occurred |
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Term
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Definition
| the speed of an object in a particular direction |
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Term
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Definition
| the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity |
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Term
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Definition
| the motion of a body when only the force of gravity is acting on the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the curved path that an object follows when thrown, launced or otherwise projected near the surface of earth |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendance of an object to resist being moved or, if the object is moving, to resist change in speec or direction until an outside force acts on the object. |
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Term
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Definition
| a quantity definded as the product of the mass and velocity of an object |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of force excerted per unit area of a surface |
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Definition
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Definition
| the pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a liquid |
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Term
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Definition
| states that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward force equal to the weight of the volume of fluid that the object displaces |
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Term
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Definition
| states that the pressure in a fluid decreases as the fluid's velocity increases |
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Term
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Definition
| an upward force on an object that moves in a fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| the pushing or pulling force exerted by the engine of an aircraft or rocket |
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Term
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Definition
| a force parallel to the velocity of the flow; it opposes the direction of an aircraft and, in combination with thrust, determines the speed of the aircraft. |
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Term
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Definition
| states that a fluid in equilibrium contained in a vessel exerts a pressure of equal intensity in all directions |
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Term
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Definition
| devices that use liquids and Pascal's principle to move or lift objects |
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Term
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Definition
| an irregular or unpredictable flow of fluids; increases drag and can destroy lift. |
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Term
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Definition
| part of a wing that can change the shape of the wing to reduce drag caused by turbulance |
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Term
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Definition
| tanks on submarines that can allow sea water to flow in or out to change the overall density of the submarine |
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Term
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Definition
| the density of an object found by taking the total mass divided by the total volume of the object |
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Term
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Definition
| when part of an object pops up above the fluid because the buoyant force is greater than the objects weight |
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Term
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Definition
| the pressure exerted by the weight of the air above the object |
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Term
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Definition
| the pressure exerted by the weight of the water above an object |
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Term
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Definition
| the layer of nitrogen, oxygen and other gases that surrounds the Earth |
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Term
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Definition
| states that pressure is equal to the force divided by the area |
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Term
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Definition
| states that density is equal to the mass divided by volume |
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Term
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Definition
| a non-solid state of matter in which the atoms or molecules are free to move past each other; as in a gas or liquid flows and takes shape of its container |
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Term
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Definition
| the transfer of energy to a body by the application of a force that causes the body to move in the directions of the force |
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Term
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Definition
| the SI units used to measure work, equal to 1 Newton times 1 meter. |
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Term
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Definition
| a quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed |
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Term
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Definition
| a quantity that measures how much a machine multiplies force or distance, it is equal to the output force divided by the input force. |
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Term
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Definition
| a comparison of a machine's work output with the work input. |
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Term
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Definition
| a device that helps do work by either overcoming a force or changing the direction of the applied force. |
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Term
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Definition
| one of 6 basic types of machines, which are the basis for all other forms of machines. |
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Term
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Definition
| a machine that had 100% mechanical efficiency which is impossible to build. |
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Term
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Definition
| multiple pulleys are sometimes put together in a single unit. |
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Term
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Definition
| the work done on a machine; the product of the input force and the distance through which the force is exerted. |
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Term
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Definition
| the work done by a machine; the product of the output force and the distance through which the force is exerted. |
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Term
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Definition
| a machine that combines two or more simple machines. |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of work an object can do because of the objects kinetic and potentials |
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Term
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Definition
| energy that lies at the level of atoms and doesn't affect the motion on a large scale |
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Term
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Definition
| a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum |
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Term
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Definition
| the fixed point around which a lever pivots |
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Term
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Definition
| a simple machine that has a grooved wheel that holds a chain or wire passes |
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Term
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Definition
| a simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes; the wheel is the larger of the two circular objects. |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the simple machines, a plane surface inclined to the horizon. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the energy of an object that is due to the object's motion |
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Term
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Definition
| the energy that an object has because of the position, shape or condition of the object |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of work an object can do becasue of the object's kinectic and potential energies. |
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Term
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Definition
| a change from one form of energy to another |
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Term
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Definition
| a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact. |
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Term
| law of conservation of energy |
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Definition
| states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another |
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Term
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Definition
| a resource that forms at a rate that is much slower than the rate at which it is consumed. |
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Term
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Definition
| a nonrenewable energy resource formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago. |
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Term
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Definition
| a natural resouce that can be replaced at the same rate at which the resource is consumed. |
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Term
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Definition
| the rate at which velocity changes over time; an object accelerates if its speed, direction or both change. |
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Term
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Definition
| an action exerted on a body in order to change the body's state of rest or motion; force has magnitude and direction. |
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Term
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Definition
| causes a change in motion (speed up, slow down, change direction) |
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Term
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Definition
| a force that opposes motion between two suraces that are in contact |
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Term
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Definition
| the force that resists the initiation of sliding motion between two surfaces that are in contact and at rest. |
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Term
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Definition
| the force that opposes the movement of two surfaces that are in contact and are sliding over each other. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs if a round object rolls over a flat surface |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when two objects slide past each other |
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Term
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Definition
| friction between a moving solid going through a fluid (liquid or gas) |
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Term
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Definition
| usually a liquid, but may be a gas or solid, that reduces harmful friction by relacing sliding friciton with fluid friction, |
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Term
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Definition
| does not change the motion of an object. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the combination of all of the forces acting on the object. |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum of all the velocities of an object combined. |
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Term
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Definition
| speec measure in an infinitely small time interval |
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Term
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Definition
| total distance divided by the total time. |
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Term
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Definition
| speed that does not change |
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Term
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Definition
| an object that stays in place in relation to another, sometimes called a reference point |
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Term
| law of universal gravitation |
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Definition
| states that all objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational force |
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Term
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Definition
| a continuous free falling state of things in orbit that appear to float and be weightless |
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Term
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Definition
| the force exerted by an agent on an object |
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Term
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Definition
| the force exerted by an object on the agent |
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Term
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Definition
| the SI unit used to measure power, equal to a Joule per second |
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Term
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Definition
| a simple machine that is made up of two inclined planes andmoves; often used for cutting |
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Term
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Definition
| a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder |
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