Term
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Definition
Old Statin (lowers LDL 20-30%)
Not lipophilic
Not metabed to active metabolites
Only 50% protein bound |
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Term
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Definition
Older Statin (lowers LDL 28-46%)
Much cheaper |
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Term
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Definition
| Synthetic Statin (lowers LDL 37-43%) |
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Term
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Definition
Synthetic Statin (lowers LDL 36-46%)
longest acting Statin |
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Term
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Definition
Bile acid sequestrant
Given as powder |
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Term
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Definition
Bile acid sequestrant
Given as tablet 6-7 times a day |
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Term
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Definition
Fibrate lowers TG
Doesnt impair glucuronidation
Dosed once a day |
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Term
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Definition
Fibrate lowers TG
Preferred in diabetics with raised TGs only |
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Term
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Definition
Niacin in extended release
Causes flushing, off market now because increased strokes |
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Term
| Vitamin B3/Nicotinic Acid |
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Definition
| Niacin helps raise HDL but the amount in multivitamins isnt enough |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits cholesterol absorption and lowers LDL
Increased cancer when used with statin |
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Term
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Definition
| Omega 3 helps raise HDL and can increase risk of bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
COX blocker/decreases TXA2 induced platelet aggregation
Halflife 15-20min
Peak plasma level 30-40min
Platelet inhib in 1 hour and last for life of platelet
LOW DOSE is effective (75-81mg/day)
No neutropenia
rash, diarrhea, bleeding, |
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Term
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Definition
Vasodilator & antiplatelet(mech unclear)
Halflife 10 hrs(2 a day)
Used in combo to prevent stroke(needs aspirin to work)
Headache, hypotension, bronchspasm, MI, arrhythmias |
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Term
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Definition
Thienopyridine (Block P2Y12R)
Rapid absorb, hepatic metab to active metabolite (VARIABILITY in clinical efficacy)
Loading dose followed by 75mg daily
Used for ACS NSTEMI and STEMI and recent MI, recent stroke, PAD |
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Term
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Definition
Thienopyridine (Block P2Y12R)
Rapid (peak in 1-3hrs)
Halflife 24-36hrs (up to 96)
No protection in 1st two weeks (not used for rapid treatment
Neutropenia may occur(2-4%)
Also GI symptoms, hypercholes, thrombocyto, aplastic anemia, TTP, rash
60% excreted in urine |
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Term
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Definition
Thienopyridine (Block P2Y12R)
Decreased vascular events but increased bleeding so no difference
Used to reduce thrombotic CV events after PCI
AVOID in history of stroke/TIA, age75+ or weight below 60kg |
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Term
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Definition
GP-IIa/IIIb inhibitor
Bolus+continuous IV
Short halflife and Renally cleared
Normalize after 2 days
Bleeding, AV block, and TTP(in 2-4hrs/higher risk with readministering)
May cause anaphylaxis |
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Term
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Definition
GP-IIa/IIIb inhibitor
RAPID (plts inhib in 5 MIN)
Halflife 1.5hrs
Renal and hepatic clearance
Plts dont nromalize it
Bleeding, thrombocytopenia |
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Term
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Definition
GP-IIa/IIIb inhibitor
Reversible inhibition (from snake venom)
RAPID (5min)
Plts normalize in 1 hr
Bleeding, thrombocyto, angina, bradycardia |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibits clotting factors via ATIII and mainly Xa and IIa(10xmore)
Bolus dose then weight based infusion
Halflife 7min, safe for surgery within 4-6 hrs
Reversed with Protamine sulfate(assess reversal with aPTT)
Protamine causes hypotension, bradycardia, anaphylaxis
UFH can cause bone loss, HIT, necrosis, alopecia and rash |
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Term
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Definition
LMWH
Targets Xa more than IIa
Given subQ, weight based dosing
Halflife 3-6hrs/RENALLY cleared
No monitoring needed(unless renal impairment or obese)
Life threatening bleeds in LMWH+CrCL<60
Slightly reversed with Protamine sulfate |
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Term
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Definition
Pentasaccharide analog of heparin
Halflife 17hrs(>LMWH[4])
Greater Xa affinity
Doesnt inhibit thrombin
Predictable (no monitoring), renally cleared
Protamine useless/Factor VIIa may help reverse |
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Term
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Definition
Hirudin deriv (bivalent) DTI
Renally cleared
Risk of anaphylaxis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Hirudin deriv (bivalent) DTI
Enzymatically removed so safe in renal and hepatic damage |
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Term
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Definition
Small molecule DTI
Binds active site of fibrin bond thrombin
Hepatically cleared
Can be used effectivelly in HIT |
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Term
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Definition
Small molecule DTI, Prodrug so peak concentraiton in 2-3 hrs
80% cleared by kidneys
Halflife 12hrs
No way to reverse it (maybe f7
Used to prevent embolic events in non valvular atrial fibrillation |
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Term
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Definition
Vitamin K antagonist
Taken orally, Hepatically cleared
Metab is heavily influened(meds, diet, disease) so monitoring is needed(PT/INR)
Halflife 24-36
Start low dose, INR/2-3days |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1st Generation Fibrinolytic
Nonspecifically increases activation of plasmin
May cause allergic reactions from previous strep cases |
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Term
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Definition
2nd Generation Fibrinolytic
Specific for fibrin
Especially good in ACS |
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Term
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Definition
2nd Generation Fibrinolytic
Limited use cause expensive and non specific
Used in thrombotic catheter occlusions and sever PE |
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Term
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Definition
3rd Generation Fibrinolytic
Slighylt better than Alteplase
Only fibrinolytic with renal clearance |
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Term
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Definition
3rd Generation Fibrinolytic
Fibrin specific and may have lower non-CNS bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
Aspirin
Dipyramidole
Thienopyridine
GP-IIa/IIIb inhibitor |
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Term
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Definition
Heparin
Warfarin (VKA)
DTI (Argatroban & Bivalirudin |
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