Term
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Definition
chrarcterized by disturbances in feelings, thinking and behavior
occurs in a continum from severe depression to severe mania |
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Term
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Definition
| mood disturbance with only depression |
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Term
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Definition
mood disturbance with symptoms of mania
at least one time in their life
profound mood swings
may have delusions or hallucinations with seasonal pattern |
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Term
| major depressive disorder MDD |
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Definition
depressed mood, loss of interest (anhedonia) in usual activity for two wks or more
not associated with mania or substance induced. |
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Term
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Definition
appetite change (wt loss or gain)
insomnia or hypersomnia every day
psycho motor agitation or retardation
fatigue
worthlessness or inappropriate guilt
indecicive
suicidal thoughts that recur |
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Term
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Definition
within 4 wks of delivery
associated with hormonal changes
treatment: antidepressant and psycsocial
Sx: fatigue, irritability, decreased appitite, loss of libido and feel they cant care for the infant |
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Term
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Definition
similar to MDD (depression and loss of interest)
-less severe
at least two years of chronically depressed mood most of the day. with two symptoms that alter social, occupational ect functioning |
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Term
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Definition
one or more manic or mixed episodes
may also have depression |
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Term
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Definition
inflated self esteem
decreased need for sleep
fast speech
flight of ideas and distractibility
more goal oriented- psychmotor agitation
risky activity that is pleasurable
impairment of occupational function and social |
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Term
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Definition
| one or more major depressive episodes with one hypominic episode |
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Term
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Definition
| three or more mania symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
two years
several hypomanic episodes
several depressive periods (less severe than MDD)
no major depressive or manic episodes or mixed
impaired functioning |
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Term
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Definition
associated with depression in the elderly
clinical presentation of depression
treatment: elimination of dementia and Dx |
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Term
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Definition
| mood and bipolar have genetic link, gene abnormality and twin connection |
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Term
| Neurotransmission dysregulation |
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Definition
biogenic amine theory
mood: low norepinepherine, serotonin and dopamine
bi: increased norepi and dopamine, serotonin is low |
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Term
Neurotransmission dysregulation
Kindling Theory |
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Definition
external stressors activate internal physiologic stress responses= trigger of first episode
after one episode pt is more sensitive |
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Term
Neurotransmission dysregulation
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis |
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Definition
| depression causes hormonal inhibition to fail releasing high levels of cortisol |
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Term
Neurotransmission dysregulation
subclinical hypothyroidism |
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Definition
| end effect is diminished TSH response to TRF in 25% of patients with depression |
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Term
Neurotransmission dysregulation
circadian rhythm changes |
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Definition
sleep wake cycles via melatonin production
-depression associated with increased melatonin during dark hours |
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Term
psychoanalytic (psychodynamic) theory
-Freud |
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Definition
| loss turned inward leading to negative feelings associated with depression |
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Term
cognitive-behavioral theory
-beck |
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Definition
depression is related to cognative patterns
cognative distortions leading to negative views |
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Term
learning theory
-seligman |
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Definition
learned helplessness after experience of numerous failures
=real or perceived |
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Term
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Definition
| depressive illness develops after abandonment or separation from a significant other during the first 6 months of life |
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Term
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Definition
block norepi and serotonin reuptake at adrenergic nerves
-- increased serotonin and noreipnepherine |
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Term
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Definition
sedation, anticholenergic (SNS), orthostatic hypotension and sexual dysfunction
overdose IS possible
siezure risk and low heart conduction |
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Term
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Definition
| only increse levels of serotonin in CNS |
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Term
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Definition
sexual dysfunction,
anorexia, diarrhea, indigestion and nausea
insomnia (take early) |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks breakdown of serotonin and dopamine |
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Term
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Definition
occuring when serotonin reaches toxic levels
when pt takes reputake inhibitors
Sx: fever, confusion, shivering, sweating, inc reflexes, diarrhea and muscle spasms
TWO week washout btwn SSRI and MAOI s and no cough meds |
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