• Blastopore develops into the mouth
• Spiral cleavage
• Coelom forms from a split in the embryonic mesoderm (4d)

• Blastopore develops into the anus
• Radial cleavage
• Coelom develops from buds off the embryonic gut

• Coelom divided into three parts
• Protocoel (head)
• Mesocoel (middle)
• Lophophore
• Metacoel (rest of body)

• Bryozoans
• Most of the organs/tissues of each zooid
• Tentacles, tentacle-sheath, U-gut, muscles, nerves

Ring of ciliated tentacles encircling the mouth of a bryozoan or phoronid

Brachiopods have two ciliated, spirally coiled tentacles

• The top side of an echinoderm that lacks the mouth
• Usually the madreporite is on this side, except for in ophiuroids

• Invagination posterior to tentacles in actinotroch larva of phoronids
• Grows & eventually wraps around gut
• Everted upon metamorphosis to become a long wormlike body
• Loop of gut pulled down into the everting metasomal sac

• Sievelike plate through which water passes into the vascular system in echinoderms 
• Pressure-equalizing valve
• Absent in crinoids
• Oral in ophiuroids
• Aboral in asteroids/echinoids

Central, tubular chamber of pyrosome inside a gelatinous matrix with embedded zooids

Receives exhalant water from inwardly directed siphons of all the zooids & excretes it through single aperture

Hollow nerve cord dorsal to the notochord

Formed from a part of ectoderm that rolls up, forming a hollow tube

• Longitudinal ciliated groove on the ventral wall of the pharynx
• Produces mucus to gather food particles
• Urochordates & cephalochordates
• Analogous to thyroid (but Julie said pituitary in class)

• Feeding of tunicates
• Water brought into incurrent siphon and through mesh on basket, then out excurrent siphon
• Food particles trapped in the basket

Early: trochophore

Late: veliger

Early: bipinnaria

Late: brachiolaria