Term
| Where is life thought to have began? |
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Definition
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Term
| How old are the oldest eukaryotic fossils? |
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Definition
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Term
| Outline the general order of evolution? |
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Definition
| Formation of earth, microorganisms, algae, arthropods, dinosaurs, modern life |
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Term
| Who proposed the theory for evolution? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cycles are microorganisms important in? |
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Definition
| The Carbon, nitrogen and sulphur cycles |
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Term
| What two things are used to identify links on the tree of life? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is morphology not always the best way of identifying evolutionary links? |
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Definition
| Closely lined organisms do not always look the same |
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Term
| How can we use DNA to make evolutionary links? |
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Definition
| Comparing the genomes of the organisms and seeing how closely related their mutations are. |
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Term
| What are the three domains in the tree of life? |
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Definition
| Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya |
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Term
| What is the order of evolutionary progression of the domains? |
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Definition
| Bacteria, Archaea and the Eukarya |
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Term
| How can we root the tree of life? |
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Definition
| By having an out group and an in group and working out which species do not fit. |
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Term
| After analysing the mitochondria genome it has been found that the DNA is of ____ origin? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The incorporation of many bacteria to form a completely different organism |
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Term
| What are the two original endosymbiots? |
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Definition
| Archaebacterium and Spirochaete |
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Term
| What did the Archaebacterium provide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the spirochaete provide? |
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Definition
| A tail like extension so the organisms could move |
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Term
| What did the archaebacterium and spirochaete combine to form? |
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Definition
| A eukaryote without a mitochondria |
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Term
| Which endosymbiot provided the mitochondria? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the proteobacterium, spirochaete and archaebacterium create? |
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Definition
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Term
| Protozoa then branched out into which organisms? |
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Definition
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Term
| The combination of Animals and which endosymbiot caused a plant cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the mitochondrial gene Hsp70 do? |
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Definition
| Traps and pulls molecules into the mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial channel proteins |
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Term
| Which mitochondrial gene has been laterally transferred from bacteria? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where has the majority of eukaryotic DNA come from? |
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Definition
| Archaeabacteria and Bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| A mixture of two separate organisms genes |
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Term
| What are the two models of the origin of humans? |
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Definition
| Out of Africa and The Multiregional Model |
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Term
| What is the multiregional model? |
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Definition
| Many populations of Homo sapiens arose from Homo erectus |
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Term
| What is the Out of Africs theory? |
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Definition
| Homo sapiens came out of Africa and out competed the Homo erectus |
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Term
| How can we test the two theories of man? |
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Definition
| Look at the relationships between neanderthals and humans |
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Term
| What did the phylogenetic tree of man show? |
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Definition
| That the common ancestor of all humans in the African race |
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Term
| How did we get neanderthal DNA? |
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Definition
| Extracting it from dead neanderthal bone marrow |
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Term
| How was the neanderthal DNA amplified? |
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Definition
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Term
| After comparing neanderthal DNA to homo sapiens what did they conclude? |
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Definition
| Africans did not interbreed with neanderthals but other races (caucasians) did |
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Term
| What percentage of Eurasian genomes are derived from a neanderthal genome? |
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Definition
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