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| study links between biology and behavior |
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| extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses |
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| extension of a neuron that end in axon terminals. messages pass to other neurons, muscles, or glands |
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| fatty tissue surrounding the axon fibers. more tissue = quicker speed |
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| positive sodium is outside the axon, negative potassium is inside the axon |
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| level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse. all-or-none response |
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| gap between the axon tip and dendrite fiber |
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| chemical messengers in the synaptic gap. ACh, dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, glutamate |
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| "morhpine within" opiatelike neurotransmitters |
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| positive sodium ions entering the axon, negative potassium ions exiting |
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| body's communication system |
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| peripheral nervous system |
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| links the body and central nervous system |
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| neural "cables"; bundled axons |
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| carry incoming information to the CNS |
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| between sensory and motor neurons |
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| carry outgoing information to muscles and glands |
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| aka skeletal; branch of PNS; voluntary muscle movement |
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| branch of PNS; self-regulation |
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| sympathetic nervous system |
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| branch of autonomic; arousal |
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| parasympathetic nervous system |
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| branch of autonomic; calming |
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| interconnected neural cells |
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| slow communication of hormones |
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| EEG (electroencephalogram) |
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| recording of electrical activity |
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| CT scan (computed tomography) |
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| x-ray photos taken from different angles and combined into a composite |
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| PET scan (positron emission tomography) |
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| radioactive glucose makes most active brain area glow |
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| MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) |
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| magnetic fields and radio waves; layers upon layers of brain tissue |
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| oldest structure; automatic survival functions |
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| base of the brainstem; heartbeat and breathing |
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| reticular formation (reticular activating system) |
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| in the brainstem; arousal |
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| back of head; voluntary movement |
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donut; emotions
AHH
Amygdala, Hypothalamus, Hippocampus |
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| eating, drinking, body temperature |
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| ultimate control and information-processing center |
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| speaking, muscle movement, making plans and judgements, personality |
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| frontal lobe, motor cortex, sensory cortex, parietal lobe |
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| controls voluntary movements |
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| registers and processes body sensations |
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| higher mental functions; learning, speaking, remembering, thinking |
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| impairment of language, usually by damage to Broca's area or Wernicke's area |
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| controls language expression |
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| controls language reception |
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| brain's capacity for modification. babies have the greatest plasticity |
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| connects the right and left hemispheres; may be severed in epileptic patients |
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| one whose corpus collosum has been severed |
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| controls right side of body; deals with speech |
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| logical, math, exploration |
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| artistic, creative, manipulative |
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