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| Formal institutional structures of the nation-state whose purpose is to regulate internal and external relations. |
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| A given territory ruled by government institutions whose authority is backed by law and the ability to use force. |
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| Rule by a few within an organization or in the society as a whole. |
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| Power and authority concentrated into a few offices. |
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| A formal organization marked by a clear hierarchy of authority and written rules of procedure, staffed by full-time salaried officials, and striving for the efficient attainment of organizational goals. |
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| The generally held belief that a particular social institution is just and valid. |
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| A set of beliefs involving symbols regarded as sacred, together with ritual practices in which members of the community engage. |
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| The class of people who exercise overwhelming power and control within a society. |
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| Theories of cumulative sociocultural change that generally hold that human societies move from simple to complex forms of organization. |
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| Legal rights held by all citizens in a given state. |
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| Constitutional Government |
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| A government that is constrained by a written document that defines the organizational structure of that government and sets forth the authority and rules of conduct of the various offices within that structure. |
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| A system of democracy in which all members of a group or community participate collectively in major decisions. |
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| A US Supreme Court decision in which five conservative justices ruled that corporations have the same First Amendment free speech protections as a real person. Corporations therefore have a right to unlimited spending in US elections. |
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| Political Action Committee |
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| In the US, an interest group organization that raises and contributes money to politicians who support the interests of the group. |
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| Legitimate attempts to influence governmental activities. |
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