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Module 22: Assessment and Anxiety Disorders
Vocabulary concerning three approaches, assessing mental disorders, diagnosing mental disorders, anxiety disorders, and somatoform disorders.
25
Psychology
12th Grade
04/28/2011

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Term
Insanity
Definition
according to its legal definition, means not knowing the difference between right and wrong.
Term
Mental Disorder
Definition
generally defined as a prolonged or recurring problem that seriously interferes with an individual's ability to live a satisfying personal life and function adequately in society.
Term
Phobia
Definition
an anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, excessive, and irrational fear that is out of all proprotion to the danger elicited by the object or situation.
Term
Medical Model Approach
Definition
mental disorders involve genetic, physiological, or neurological factors that cause symptoms that can be diagnosed and treated; similar to doctors using drugs to treat physical diseases, psychiatrists use psychoactive drugs to treat mental disorders.
Term
Cognitive-Behavioral Approach
Definition
emphasizes that mental disorders result from deficits in cognitive processes, sich as thoughts and beliefs, and from behavioral problems, such as deficits in skills and abilities.
Term
Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Approach
Definition
focuses on unconscious or repressed conflicts underlying mental disorders.
Term
Statistical Frequency Approach
Definition
says that a behavior may be considered abnormal if it occurs rarely or infrequentely in relation to the behaviors of the general population.
Term
Social Norms Approach
Definition
says that a behavior is considered abnormal if it deviates greatly from accepted social standards, values, or norms.
Term
Maladaptive Behavior Approach
Definition
defines behavior as psychologically damaging or abnormal if it interferes with the individual's ability to function in one's personal life or in society.
Term
Clinical Assessment
Definition
involves a systematic evaluation of an individual's various psychological, biological, and social factors, as we as identifying past and present problems, stressors, and other cognitive or behavioral symptoms.
Term
Clinical Interview
Definition
one method of gathering information about a person's past and current behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, emotions, and problems; some are unstructured, which means they have no set questions, and some are structured with questions.
Term
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV-Test Revision
Definition
DSM-IV-TR; describes a uniform system assessing specific symptoms and matching them to almost 300 different mental disorders.
Term
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Definition
characterized by exessive or unrealistic worry about almost everything or feeling that something bad is about to happen; these anxious feelings occur on a majority of days for a period of at least six months.
Term
Panic Disorder
Definition
characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks; plus, the person is so worried about having another panic attack that this intense worrying interferes with normal pschological functioning.
Term
Panic Attack
Definition
a period of intense fear or discomfort in which four or more of the following symptoms are present: pouding hear, sweating, trembling, shortness or breath, feelings of choking, chest pain, nausea, feeling dizzy, and fear of losing control or dying.
Term
Social Phobias
Definition
characterized by irrational, marked, and continuous fear of performing in social situations; people fear that they will humiliate or embarrass themselves.
Term
Specific/Simple Phobias
Definition
characterized by marked and persistent fears that are unreasonable and triggered by anticipation of, or exposure to, a specific object or situation.
Term
Agoraphobia
Definition
characterized by anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing if a panic attack or paniclike symptoms were to occur.
Term
Obsessive-Compulsive Diorder
Definition
consists of obsessions, which are persistent, recurring irrational thoughts, impulses, or images that a person is unable to comtrol and that interfere with normal functioning, and compulsions, which are irresistible impulses to perform over and over some senseless behavior or ritual.
Term
Exposure Therapy
Definition
consists of gradually exposing the person to the real anxiety-producig situations or objects that he or she is attempting to avoid and continuing exposure treatments until the anxiety decreases.
Term
Somatoform Disorders
Definition
marked by a pattern of recurring, multiple, and significant bodily symptoms that extend over several years; the bodily symptoms are not under voluntary control, have no known physical causes, and are believed to be caused by psychological factors.
Term
Somatization Disorder
Definition
begins before age 30, lasts over several years, and is characterized by multiple symptoms- including pain, gastrointestinal, sexual, and neurological symptoms- that have no physical causes but are triggered by psychological problems or distress.
Term
Conversion Disorder
Definition
refers to chaning anxiety or emotional distress into real physical, motor, sensory, or neurological symptoms for which no physical or organic cause can be identified.
Term
Mass Hysteria
Definition
refers to a condition experienced by a group of people who, through suggestion, observation, or other psychological processes, develop similar fears, delusions, abnormal behaviors, or physical symptoms.
Term
Conduct Disorder
Definition
refers to a repetitive and persistent pattern of behaving that has been going on for at least a year and that violates the established social rules or the rights of others; problems may include aggressive behaviors such as threatening to harm people, abusing or killing animals, destroying property, being deceitful, or stealing.
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