Term
Digoxin
Brand Name; Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps |
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Definition
May treat Chronic heart failure
Dosage: initial tablets; 500-750mcg usually produces detectable effect in half an hour to 2 hours. wth max effect in 2-6 hours. 125-375 mcg may be given at 6-8 hour intervals until evidence of an adequate effect is noted.
Capsules: 400-600 mcg produced a detecable effect in 0.5-2 hours. with a max effect in 2-6 hrs. additional dose of 100mcg -300 mcg may be given cautiously every 6–8-hour intervals
injection; 40-600mcg detectable effects in 5-30 mins. with max effect 1-4 hours
Side Effects; nausea, gynecomastia, sinus brachycardia
take bp daily |
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Term
Clonidine
Brand Name; Catapres |
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Definition
treats hypertension
hypotensive agent
tablets, patches and extended release tablets
does not cure hypertension but help controls it.
Doseage; initial dose 0.1mg orally bid (am, hs) titration: icrements of 0.1 mg orally per day weekly intervals to desired response
maintenance; 0.2-0.6 mg orally per day in divided doses
max; 2.4 mg orally per day in divided doses.
transdermal patches; initial, 0.1/24 hr patch applied / 7 days
maintenance; if bp not reduced within a week or two increase dosage by adding another 0.1mg/24 hr patch or change to larger system
max dose; doses above 0.3 mg/24 hr patches applied every 7 days is not usually associated with efficacy
is moderate potent antihypertensive
side effects; fatigue, dry mouth, nervousness |
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Term
Norvas
Generic Name: Amlodipine |
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Definition
May treat hypertension
anginal pain from angina
calcium channel blocker
is only part of complete program treatment that may include; diet, exercise, and weight management
dosage; initial; 5 mg orally once a day
maintenance; 5-10 mg orally once a dy
max; 10 mg/day
side effects; irregular heartbeat, muscle stiffness, sweeling of legs and ankels
bp may be checked oten |
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Term
Lasix
Generic Name; Furosemide |
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Definition
is used to reduce fluid in body (edema)
caused by conditions that may include; heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease
diuretic (water pill)
prevents body from absorbing too much salt
should not use Lasix if unable to urinate
will make you have to urinate more frequently and may easily get dehydrated
doseage; Oral- initial 20-80 mg orally once a day, may repeat same dose or increase by 20 or 40 mg no sooner than 6-8 hours after previous dose obtained
maintenance; once or twice a day after
side effects; numbness or tingling, headache or dizziness, blrred vission |
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Term
Nitroglycerin- Chemical compound
Brand Name; Nitrolingual |
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Definition
may treat myocardial infarction
anal fissure
acute episode of anginal pain (chest pain)
dosage; oral capsule; extended release (2.5mg,6.5mg, 9mg) sublingual powder; (400mcg), sublingual spray; (0.4 mg), sublingual tablet; (0.3mg, 0.4mg, 0.6mg)
Side effects; flushing (sudden warmth, redness or tingly feeling), numbness, feeling light headed, fainting |
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Term
Coumadin
Generic Name; warfarin
Alternate brand name: Jantoven |
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Definition
is used to treat blood clots such as deep vein thrombosis, and or to prevent new clots from forming
blood thinner
do not take if prone to bleeding
Bleeding is the most common side effect
Doseage; initial; 2-5 mg orally once a day
maintenace; 2-10mg orally once a day
target INR; (2.5) range 2-3
duration of therapy (indefinite) |
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Term
Coreg
Generic Name; Carvedilol |
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Definition
Beta-blocker
Is used to treat high blood pressure, and heart failure
swollow extended release capsule whole
do not crush, chew, break or open
Side effects; dizziness, dry eye, weight gain
Dosage; initial dose dose; 3.125 mg orally bid for 2 weeks
titration if tolerated increase; 6.25,12.5 and 25mg orally bid for at least 2 weeks
max dose; 25 mg orally bid for pts weight 85 kg or less and 50 mg orally bid in pts weighing 85kg or greater
used after heart attacks, to improve chance of survival if heart is not pumping well |
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Term
Diovan
Generic Name; Valsartan |
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Definition
to treat high blood pressure
works by blocking the action of certain natural substances to tighten blood vessels
dose; initial; 80-160mg once a day orally
maintenacne; 80-320 mg orally once a day
congestive heart faulure dosage; 40 mg orally bid
maintanance; 80-160mg bid
side effects; cough, flu symptoms, tiredness, back and joint pain
blood pressure checked often |
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Term
Lovenox
Generic Name; enoxaparin |
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Definition
is an anticoagulant that helps prevent blood clots
is alos used to prevent blood vessel complications with certain types of chest pain or heart attack
recommended dose; 40 mg once a day subcutaneous injection (duration of administration; 6-11 days)
recommended dose for deep pain thrombosis; 1mg/kg every 12 hrs subcutaneously
side effects: anemia, redness or irritation where injection site was administered |
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Term
Lopressor
Generic Name; Metoprolol |
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Definition
Cardio selective beta blocker
is to treat high blood pressure
is used to treat chest pain and pressure
dose; initial dosage; 100 mg in single or divided doses, ajust at weekly intervals unitl, blood pressure reduction is achieved
effective dose 100-450 mg per day
side effects; dizzness, fatigue, weakness |
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Term
HCTZ
Generic Name; Hydrochlorothiazide
Brand name; HydroDIURL |
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Definition
is a thiazide, water pill to help prevent body from absorbing too much salt
which can cause fluid retention
also use to treat hypertension
Dosage; (edema)initial dose; 25-100 mg orally once or bid
initial dosage for hypertension; 25 mg orally once a day, mainenance; may increase to 50mg orally daily, or as a single or 2 divided doses
Side effects; electrolyte imbalance, feeling faint, weakness |
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Term
Flovent (inhaler)
Generic Name; Fluticasone
Brand Name Floven Diskus |
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Definition
is a Corticosteroid, used to prevent asthma attacks
should not use inhalation powder if allergic to milk proteins
administered by the orally inhaled route ONLY
Dosage; 88 mgc, (2 inhalations of 44 mcg of fluticasone propionate) bid 12 hours apart
side effects; hoarseness, or deepened voice, white patches or sores on lips or in mouth, headache |
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Term
Atrovent
Generic Name; ipratropium |
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Definition
Is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles, in airways and increases air flow to lungs
to prevent bronchospasm in people with COPD
Dosage; aerosol, metered
2 inhalations 4 xs a day, total inhalations should not exceed 12 in 24 hrs
side Efeects; cough with mucus, chest tightness, trouble breathing, bitter taste
before taking prime 2 tests sprays into air away from face |
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Term
Albuterol
Brand Name; ProAir HFA, ProAir RespiClick |
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Definition
Bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in airways, increases airflow to lungs
to prevent narrowing of airways in lungs for people who have COPD, asthma, also used to prevent exercise induced bronchospasm
Dose; 2 inhalations every 4-6 hrs, 2 inhalations 15-30 mins before excersie, asthma is treated with combination of drugs
Side effects; chest pain, fast or pounding heartbeat, dizziness, feeling shaky or nervous |
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Term
Symbicort
Generic Name; Budesonide and Formoterol |
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Definition
Bronchodilator combinations
Budesonide Is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation in body
Formoterol is a long- acting bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in airways to improve breathing
help control symptoms of COPD, chronic bronchitis and emphysema
IS NOT A RESCUE medicine for asthma or bronchospasms
Dosage;2 inhalations bid am and HS, aprx 12 hrs apart
for asthma 2 inhilations of symbicort 80/4.5 or Symbicort 160/ 4.5 bid
Side effects; throat pain, irritation, stomach discomfort, headache
may take up to a week for results to improve |
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Term
ProAir
Generic name; Albuterol Sulfate |
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Definition
To help prevent or treat bronchospasm, who have obstructive airways
is a rescue inhaler to help breathe more easily
Dosage; metered dose inhaler, that releases the drug as fine mist
Dosage; every 4-6 hrs, 90 mcg per puff
Side effects; sinus headache, mouth pain, vomiting |
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Term
Singulair
Generic Name; Montelukast |
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Definition
Anti-Inflammatory, to prevent asmtha attacks and treat allergies
Take dose in evening same time each night
Dosage; 10 mg orally once a day
Side effects; fever or flu symptoms, ear pain, headache |
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Term
Advair Disc
Generic Name; Fluticasone and Salmeterol |
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Definition
is a Combination medication of the two, fluticasone is a steroid that prevents the release of substances in the body that cause infalmmation
Salmeterol is a bronchodilator.
Used to prevent asthma attacks, also used to prevent flare ups or worsening of COPD
Is not a rescue medicine for asthma or bronchospasm attacks
Dose; 2 inhalations orally bid asmtha (45/21mcg, 115/21mch, 230/21 mcg,)
COPD (250/50mcg 1 inhalation bid 12 hrs apart
Side effects; cold symptoms, headache, muscle pain, thrush, throat irritation |
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