What is Linux?

• Operating system
• Linux Kernel
• Developed collaboratively
• Open Source

the practice of offering the right to distribute copies and modified versions of a work, requiring that the same rights be preserved to modified versions of the work

• The freedom to use the software for any purpose
• The freedom to change the software to suit your needs
• The freedom to share the software with your friends and neighbors
• The freedom to share the changes you make

Monetizing Open Source Software

• Offering training/Certifications
• Dual licensing
• Support contracts
• Extra features
• Software as a Service - SaaS

• A collection of software-based around the Linux Kernel
• Usually built around a package management system (apt, zypper, yum)
• Designed for a specific purpose or device

Linux

• Lower software costs
• Customize applications
• Web services (LAMP)
• Firewall / Networking
• Databases
• Embedded Devices
• Performance

Windows

• Ease of Use (End User)
• Desktop Applications (Office)
• Broader hardware support
• Better directory support (AD)
• E-mail (Exchange Server)
• Configuration Management (SCCM)
• Collaboration (SharePoint/Teams)

• More control
• Speed
• Takes fewer resources
• Scripting
• Remote Access (SSH)
• Faster boot times

• Easier to learn
• Multitasking
• Drag and Drop
• Different Options (KDE, GNOME)
• Appearance

A program that allows the user to interact with the operating system via commands.

• Case Sensitive!
• Command Prompt

Username@MachineName: /PWD#

• Command Options (switches) - add functionality or modifies the operation
• Command Argument (parameter) – Identify sources or destinations of information
• man pages – Documentation on commands
  

man <command>– Displays Manual Page

ls (ls -l, ll) – directory listing (Long Format Listing)

cd – change directory

pwd – present working directory

uname – system information

grep - search

| – Piped commands – output of one command sent to another command

  printenv | grep TERM

> - Redirects Out Put of Command into File

  ls > filename.txt

>> - Appends File with the Output of a Command

  date >> Filename.txt

• The ‘alias’ command creates a shortcut to more complicated commands
• Example: ll is an alias for ls –l
• alias name=“<command> <-options>”
• You can add aliases to /etc/bashrc to make them permanent for all users
• You can add aliases to the .bashrc file in the home directory to make them permanent for one user

Command-line text editor

Two Modes:

Insert Mode (i)

Command Mode (:) – wq or q!

<esc> to exit a mode