9/11

The date when the twin towers, pentagon and a field in penn had plans crashed into them by a terrorist groups called al-Qaida

Frances Bolton

·      Congresswomen from Ohio and toured Africa from 9/1 – 12/10/1955

·      Paid her own way at age 70

Ghana (Golden Coast)

·      Mar 1957 Kwame Nkrumah (prime mister)

·      1^st British colony in Africa to become independent

·      Where the basis of civil rights movement came from

1960 Election

·      Eisenhower is about to retire

·      Nixon (rep) vs John F. Kennedy (dem) and Byrd (dixycrats)

·      Was rigged (dead people voted for JFK in Chicago)

·      Kennedy got black vote when fly black students over to US on scholarship

Jackie Robinson

·      1^st black baseball player

·      Integrated into white league

·      Played for Brooklyn Dodgers

·      Never retaliated against racism

Brown vs. Board 

·      Us public school system segregation

·      Brown family contacted the NAAPC who provided Thurgood Marshall as there lawyer

·      Ken Clark doll test

·      Earl Warren new chief justice of S court

·      He made it a unanimous to make segregation illegal cuz unconstitutional

Montgomery Bus boycott

·      Rose Parks and MLK sparked it

·      Boycott buses

·      Religion, faith and music got them through a year of walking

Little Rock

·                     Central High school tried to integrate 9 black students but a mob prevented them from entering

·           Then the gov of Arkansas sent national guard troops to help the mob but JFK sent paratroops to help the students

Birmingham

·      Riots caused national and international attention when police dogs put protesters and firemen shot high pressure fire hoses at protesters

·      Lead by MLK and Young and Children

·      Boycott on business so that blacks could get hired and end segregated public places (restaurants and stores)

·      Peaceful sit ins and then protest in the park led Eugene “bull” Connor

1964 Civil rights Act

·      JFK started it but Lynden Johnson followed through with it

·      Ended segregation, integrated schools ended discrimination for hiring based on gender and race

·      Didn’t address voting

Selma

·      Selma is a city in Alabama where protesters marched from Selma to Montgomery

·      1^st march: protesters attacked by police while crossing a bridge

·      2^nd march: very successful and was lead by Andrew Young

·      This prompted Johnson to give voting act of summer 1965

Rachel Carson

·      Part of environmental movement by writing “silent spring” which talked about affects of pesticides

·      Book got JFK attention and he had agriculture committee make DDT illegal

The Great Society

·      Lynden Johnson wanted fed gov to make everything better

·      “War on poverty” help poor people

·      “Head start” helped young kids from poor families get nutrition and a little education before kindergarten

N.O.W.

·      National Organization for Women (created 1966)

·      Betty Friedman started it

·      Wanted equal pay for equal work, maternity leave, child care and no sexual harassment

Peace Corps

·      Major influences JFK made on Africa

·      Founded in 1961 it provided education, housing, clean water, agriculture and disease prevention 

G. Mennen Williams

·      Governor of Michigan over 10 years she was also assistant secretary of state for African affairs

·      Said “Africa for Africa” people though he was anti white for Englishmen

·      He was rich and voted for racial equality

JFK and Cuba

·      Tommy Thompson was ambassador to soviet union and told JFK to acknowledge 1^st message from Khrush and not second

·      Bay of pigs – exile from Cuba fight Cuba and get destroyed

·      Mongoose – CIA tried to kill Castro many ways

Guatemala

·      Guat gov was allowing the company “United Fruit” to get incredible cheap labor for harbesting crops.

·      Land reform – US gov takes some of united fruit unused land and give to the poor.  This is where Econ and politics interact

Ho Chi Minh

·      Born in 1890 he fought the French army in 1946 – 1954 to win independence for Vietnam

·      US financed French side

·      Was socialist in France during WWI and communist while in USSR

·      Fought against Japan in 1940

Sara Palin

·      Women, from Alaska, non prestige’s education and knew had to use the media

Barrack Obama

·      From Hawaii, multi racial, good public speaker, pro health care and reped change

Truman Doctrine

·      Created in 1947 it gave Turkey and Greece military and economic US support so they wouldn’t fall into soviet communism

·      “Containment of communism”

Eleanor Roosevelt

·      Fought for women rights

·      Appointed by Truman to be UN general Assembly delegate

McCarthyism

·      Wanted recognition

·      Wisc Senator Joe McCarthy

·      Said he new who was communist and who was not without evidence

Margret Chase Smith

·      A republican from Maine who stood up to McCarthy in 1950

Gave speech at Senate against McCarthy “declaration of conscience”

Marshall Plan

·      Help recovery and stabilize post WWII Europe economics so communism wouldn’t spread

·      George Marshall was secretary of State

·      US wouldn’t provide $ to countries (Ger, Fran, Spain, Italy) to rebuild

Korean War

·           6/25/1950 North Korea (backed by china and soviets) invaded south Korea (backed by US and UN)

·      Caused by physical division after WWII by allies

·      First conflict of Cold war

·      5 mill Asians died

LBJ (Lynden B Johnson) and Vietnam

Tonkin (8/1964)

·    2 incident of US ships being attacked

·    US congressional declaration on Token gulf resolution by writing a blank check

LBJ (Lynden B Johnson) and Vietnam

Escalation

·    Feb 1965 started bombing north then in March U.S marines enter Vietnam

LBJ (Lynden B Johnson) and Vietnam

Tet

·    Tet “offensive” invasion Jan 31, 1968

·    Ho Chi Minh (North Vietnamese Army (NVA)) and Vietcong (mostly in south)  vs  USA ad army of the Republic of south Vietnam (diera’s army)