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| a small usually microscopic mass of protoplasm bounded externally by a semipermeable membrane, usually including one or more nuclei and various other organelles with their products, capable alone or interacting with other cells of performing all the fundamental functions of life, and forming the smallest structural unit of living matter capable of functioning independently |
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| an aggregate of cells usually of a particular kind together with their intercellular substance that form one of the structural materials of a plant or an animal and that in animals include connective tissue, epithelium, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue |
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| a differentiated structure (as a heart or kidney) consisting of cells and tissues and performing some specific function in an organism |
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| an individual constituted to carry on the activities of life by means of organs separate in function but mutually dependent : a living being |
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| an interacting population of various kinds of individuals (as species) in a common location |
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| the complex of a community and its environment functioning as an ecological unit in nature |
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| a group of interbreeding organisms that represents the level of organization at which speciation begins |
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| living beings together with their environment |
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| a category of biological classification ranking immediately below the genus or subgenus, comprising related organisms or populations potentially capable of interbreeding, and being designated by a binomial that consists of the name of the genus followed by a Latin or latinized uncapitalized noun or adjective agreeing grammatically with the genus name |
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