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| Choral vocalists who were castrated prior to puberty in order to promote higher vocal range for vocal selections. |
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| From the Italian for "light-dark"; an artistic technique in which subtle gradations of value create the illusion of rounded, three-dimensional forms in space; also called modeling. (See example here: Virgin of the Rocks Leonardo da Vinci) |
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| Focus on the community as a whole and not on the individual. Northern Renaissance focused on this. |
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| In painting, a semitransparent coating on a painted surface that provides a glassy or glossy finish. |
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| In linear perspective, the imaginary line (frequently where earth seems to meet sky) along which converging lines meet; this spot is known as the vanishing point. (See examples here: Basic Perspective) |
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| A set of conventional meanings attached to images; as an artistic approach, representation of illustration that uses the visual conventions and symbols of a culture. Also, the study of visual symbols and their meaning (often religious) (see examples here). |
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| takes humanism a step further and is the belief that individual humans are capable of great accomplishments. The more communal, group oriented society and mentality of the Middle Ages was being replaced by a belief in the potential of the individual to make great achievements. |
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| A song for two or three voices unaccompanied by instrumental music (Example of Madrigal rendition of Katy Perry's "Dark Horse"). |
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| A style of art characterized by distortion and elongation of figures; a sense of flattened space rather than depth; a lack of defined focal point; and the use of clashing pastel colors. (See example here: Madonna with the Long Neck by Parmigianino ) |
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| In perspective, a line pointing to the vanishing point (See example). |
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| In the arts, the act of providing support for artistic endeavors. |
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| In artistic tradition, a representation of the dead Christ, held by his mother, the Virgin Mary (from the Latin Word for "pity"). |
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| Music with two or more independent melodies that harmonize or are sounded together (Example here). |
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| The Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages. Generally described as taking place from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art. |
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| indifference to, or rejection or exclusion of, religion and religious considerations. (Religion was still a big part of the Renaissance, but they were exploring non-religious topics for the first time since the Romans and Greeks) |
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| A poetic form in which a poem is divided into sets of three lines (tercets) with the rhyme scheme aba, bcb, cdc, and so on. |
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