Term
| What is a model organism? |
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Definition
| A well established biological system |
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Term
| What are the five characteristics of model organisms? |
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Definition
| Rapid rate of development, easily genetically manipulated, short life span, readily available and large numbers of offspring |
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Term
| Why don't we study humans instead of model organisms? |
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Definition
| They do not fit the requirements of modern organsims |
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Term
| What is the bacteria model organism? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What charge is E. coli's cell wall? |
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Definition
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Term
| How frequently do E. coli divide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does homologue mean? |
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Definition
| A gene related to another gene by descending from a common ancestor |
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Term
| What does ortholouge mean? |
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Definition
| Genes in different species that have come from a common ancestor |
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Term
| What does paralogue mean? |
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Definition
| Genes formed from a duplication in the genome |
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Term
| What are the two yeast model organisms? |
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Definition
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe |
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Term
| How does the S. cerevisiae divide? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How does the S. pombe divide? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How often does the S. cerevisiae yeast divide? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What four things is the S. cerevisae yeast studied for? |
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Definition
| Cell cycle, gene expression, DNA replication and repair and cell signalling |
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Term
| What percentage of human diseases have ortholouges in yeast? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What three things is the S. pombe yeast studied for? |
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Definition
| Cell cycle, chromosome dynamics and epigenetics |
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Term
| What are the two other fungal models? |
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Definition
| Neurospora crassa and Asperqillus nidulans |
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Term
| What is the N. crassa fungus studied for? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the plant model organism? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What three things is the A.thaliana studied for? |
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Definition
| Flowering, light sensitivity and plant development |
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Term
| What are the two other plant model organisms? |
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Definition
| Zea mays and Oryza sativa |
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Term
| What is the Z. mays studied for? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the O. sativa studied for? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the two insect model organisms? |
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Definition
| Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans |
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Term
| What is special about the Drosophilas genetics? |
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Definition
| It has a giant polytene chromosome |
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Term
| What three things is the Drosophila studied for? |
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Definition
| Cell signalling, Development and Neurological diseases |
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Term
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Definition
| A mutant model organism that mimics phenotypic features of human disease |
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Term
| What is the Drosophila a disease model for? |
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Definition
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) |
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Term
| What percentage of the C. elegans genome has human orthologues? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the C. elegans studied for? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the fish model organism? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What four things is the D. rerio studied for? |
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Definition
| Vertebrate development, neurobiology, drug testing, human disease |
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Term
| What is the mammal model organism? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the M. musuculus studied for? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the two other vertebrate models? |
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Definition
| Xenopus laevis and Rattus novegicus |
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Term
| What two things is the X. laevis studied for? |
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Definition
| Cell cycle and cell signalling |
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Term
| What is the R. novegicus studied for? |
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Definition
| Neurological and toxicity studies |
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