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| Insufficient secretion of adrenal cortisol from the adrenal cortex is manifested by gastric complaints, hypotension, & dehydration. |
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| External portion of the adrenal gland. |
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| Internal portion of the adrenal gland. |
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| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone |
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Definition
| AKA ACTH. Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release steroids. |
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| AKA ADH. AKA Vasopressin. Stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb H20 & return it to circulation; is also a vasoconstrictor, resulting in higher blood pressure. |
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| Test that measures the average blood glucose during a 3-month time span. Used to monitor response to diabetes treatment. Formerly called HbA1c. |
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| Excessive secretion of cortisol by the adrenal cortex causes symptoms of obesity, leukocytosis, hirsutism, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, & muscle wasting. |
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| Undersecretion of ADGH from the neurohypophsis resulting in polydipsia & polyuria. |
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| Protrusion of eyeballs from their orbits. |
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| AKA FBG. After a period of fasting, blood is drawn. The amount of glucose present is used to measure the body’s ability to break down & use glucose. Formerly called fasting blood sugar (FBS). |
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| Hypersecretion of somatotropin from adenohypophsis during childhood, leading to excessive growth. |
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| Enlargement of the thyroid gland, not due to a tumor. |
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| Growth Hormone Deficiency |
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Definition
| AKA GHD. Somatotropin deficiency due to dysfunction of adenohypophsis during childhood results in dwarfism. If during adulthood, patients may develop obesity, & experience weakness & cardiac difficulties. |
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| AKA Hypertrichosis. Abnormal hairiness, especially in women. |
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| AKA Thyrotoxicosis. Excessive thyroid hormone production. Most common form is Graves disease, which may be accompanied by exophthalmia. |
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| Deficient thyroid hormone production. If it occurs during childhood, it causes crenitism, which results in stunted mental & physical growth. The extreme adult form is myxedema, which is characterized by facial & orbital edema. |
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| Overproduction of parathyroid hormone; symptoms include polyuria, hypercalcemia, hypertension, & kidney stones. |
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| Deficient parathyroid hormone production results in tetany, hypocalcemia, irritability, & muscle cramps. |
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| Secreted by the Beta cells in the pancreas. Decreases the level of glucose in the blood when levels are high. |
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| Located in the pancreas. Regulates the level of glucose in the blood. |
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| Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
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| AKA OGTT. Blood test to measure the body’s response to a concentrated glucose solution. May be used to diagnose diabetes mellitus. |
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| AKA Simmonds Disease. Deficiency or lack of all pituitary hormones causing hypotension, weight loss, weakness, & loss of libido. |
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| Abnormal sensation; such as prickling. |
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| Condition of excessive thirst. |
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| Condition of excessive appetite. |
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| Condition of excessive urination. |
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| AKA PRL. AKA Lactogenic Hormone. Stimulates milk production in the breast. |
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| Continuous muscle spasms. |
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| : AKA Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Stimulates thyroid to release 2 other thyroid hormones. |
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| test used to screen for or monitor diabetes mellitus; a urine specimen is tested for the presence of glucose. |
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