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Mod 501
Definitions
27
Mathematics
Graduate
08/29/2012

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Term
Model
Definition
A physical, mathematical, or otherwise logical representation of a system, entity, phenomenon, or process.

-Representation of something else, often a "real-world" system
-Some aspects of the modeled system are represented in the model, others not
Term
Simulation
Definition
Executing a model over time. Also, a technique for testing, analysis, or training in which real world systems are used, or where a model reproduces real world and conceptual systems.
Term
Run
Definition
A single execution of a simulation.
Term
Exercise
Definition
A run, or series of related runs, of a simulation being used for training.
Term
Trial
Definition
A run, or series of related runs, of a simulation being used for analysis or experimentation.
Term
Modeling & Simulation
Definition
The use of models and simulations, either statically or over time, to develop data as a basis for making managerial or technical decisions. This includes, but is not limited to, emulators, prototypes, simulators, and stimulators.
Term
Simuland
Definition
The subject of a model or simulation.

-Real world system
-Thing to be simulated
Term
Requirements
Definition
-Intended uses
-Needed validity, resolution, scale
Term
Conceptual model
Definition
-Simuland components, structure
-Aspects of simuland to model
-Implementation specifications
-Use cases
-Assumptions
-Initial model parameter values
Term
Executable model
Definition
-Computer software
-Implemented conceptual model
Term
Results
Definition
-Output of model
-Produced during simulation
Term
Participant
Definition
Person who participates in the simulation and is expected to benefit from the experience.
Term
Operator
Definition
Person who operates all or part of the model during the simulation, but is not expected to benefit from the experience.
Term
Analyst
Definition
Person who uses simulation output to gain insight into the simulated systems or scenario.
Term
Resolution (granularity)
Definition
The degree of detail with which the real-world is simulated. More detail is higher resolution.

Low - Simulate attack squadron as a whole.

Medium - Simulate individual aircraft

High - Simulate sensor and weapons systems
Term
Referent
Definition
The body of knowledge available to a modeler regarding a simuland.

Quantitative and formal
-physics equations for aircraft flight dynamics

Qualitative and informal
-pilot's expectation of buffet before stall
Term
Validity
Definition
Accuracy of model's representation or simulation's results.

Validity is relative to
-Reality
-Representation
-Requirements
Term
Scale
Definition
Size of the overall scenario or event the simulation represents.
Term
M&S Categorization
Definition
A category of models or simulations with some important common characteristics.

Defining characteristics
-Intent or goal of simulation
-Presence of randomness
-Handling of time
-Degree of "virtuality"
Term
Modeling Method (Model Type)
Definition
Basis or method underlying a model; the way the model represents its subject.

Characteristics of each model type
-Representational basis
-feature and characteristics
-advantages and disadvantages
-typical uses
Term
Training
Definition
M&S used to produce learning in a user or participant.
Term
Experimentation
Definition
M&S used to explore design or solution spaces, or to gain insight into a incompletely understood situation.

An iterative process of collecting, developing and exploring concepts to identify and recommend the best value-added solutions for changes in the doctrine, organization, training, material, leadership and people required to achieve significant advances in future joint operational capabilities.

-Less controlled than analysis
-Simulation used to "explore" possibilities
Term
Analysis
Definition
M&S used to predict, design, test, or evaluate a real or notional system or idea.

-Simulation used to answer questions
-Repeatability often desirable
-Careful experimental design
Term
Engineering
Definition
M&S used to develop, analyze, or test an engineering design.

-Important simuland aspects modeled
-Models physics-based, no "behavior"
-No virtual environment or simulators
-User not expected to benefit from experience
-Primary goal: useful result
Term
Acquisition
(Simulation based Acquisition)
Definition
M&S used to specify, design, develop, and acquire new systems.

-Simulation used to acquire systems
-Goal: save lives, money, time
Term
Entertainment
Definition
M&S used to entertain or amuse a user or participant.
Term
Deterministic
Definition
Simulation where a given set of inputs will produce a determined, unique set of outputs
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