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Definition
| A process that forms heteroduplex DNA by moving down the paired chromatids |
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| type of site-specific recombination. Involves the targeting of a specific sequence of DNA and splicing it with the help of an enzyme called Cre recombinase. |
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Nonparental or recombinant gametes are the product of meiotic crossing over, or recombination.
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| Double-Strand Break Repair |
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Definition
| Model of Homologous Recombination. 1. A double-strand break is introduced to DNA 2. During meiosis single strands are produced with 3'-OH ends 3. A D-loop is formed 4. DNA polymerase 5.The second 3'-end of the double-strand break is captured when the extended D-loop reaches the single stranded region on the other double-strand break end and can anneal 6. 2 Holliday junctions 7. Resolution of the double Holliday junction gives crossover and noncrossover outcomes. |
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Definition
| Disruption of gene activity by DNA transformation |
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Term
| Homologous Recombination (HR) |
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Definition
| Process in which double strand breaks (DSBs)are repaired. Essential process for repairing DNA breaks and fore ensuring correct chromosome segregation in meiosis. Needed to repair damage from x-rays, DNA gaps at replication forks, can restart replication forks and is needed to maintain telomeres. |
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| A sac where all the products of a single meiosis are recovered together in most fungi. |
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Definition
Irregular Segregation during meiosis.
1. Often associated with a reciprocal crossover of flanking genes
2. it is sometimes incomplete, giving a meiotic product that has two genotypes, with one or a few DNA mismatches known as heteroduplex DNA. |
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| All or part of the coding sequence is deleted and replaced with a selectable marker. |
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| A selectable marker is inserted into the coding region of a gene, thereby disrupting its activity |
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Definition
| is generated by base pairing between complementary single strands derived from the different parental duplex molecules; it occurs during genetic recombination |
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Definition
| is a mobile junction between four strands of DNA. |
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Definition
| is an exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes- It usually occurs when matching regions on matching chromosomes break and then reconnect to the other chromosome. |
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Definition
| is a rare type of genetic recombination that may occur in some types of somatic cells during mitosis. It results in the production of homozygous allele combinations in all heterozygous genes that are located on that chromosome arm distal to the crossover. Thus genes that were previously recessive are expressed creating a new phenotype |
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Term
| nonhomologous end joining |
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Definition
| is a pathway that repairs double strand breaks in DNA. It is referred to as "non-homologous" because the break ends are directly ligated without the need for a homologous template in contrast to homologous which requires a sequence to guide repair |
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Definition
| is where negative, rather than positive, traits of a species are selected for evolutionary continuance. It is generally not desirable, but may be caused by man-made conditions such as bad management |
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Term
| site specific recombination |
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Definition
| also known as conservative site specific recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which DNA strand exchange takes place between segments possessing only a limited degree of sequence homology. They are highly specific, fst and efficient, even when faced with complex eukaryotic genomes. |
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Definition
| The process in which the nucleoprotein complex (composed of the broken single strand DNA and the recombinase) searches and identifies a region of homology in intact duplex DNA. The broken single strand DNA displaces the like strand and forms Watson-Crick base pairs with its complement, forming a duplex in which each strand is from one of the two recombining DNA molecules |
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Definition
| Is the process of introducing an exogenous gene-called a transgene- into a living organism so that the organism will exhibit a new property ad transmit that property to its offspring. |
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Definition
| is a strand exchange protein that binds DNA and promotes the early steps of strand exchange between homologous DNA sequences |
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Term
| The Holliday model is based on what? |
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Definition
| A pair of single strand breaks and involves a crossed strand Holliday junction that can move along the DNA strand by branch migration |
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| The Meselson-Radding model is based on what |
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Definition
| A single strand nick but also involves formation of a Holliday junction. |
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| What method is used to determine the location of altered genes while trying to create gene knockouts? |
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Definition
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| What method is used to determine the location of altered genes while trying to create gene knockouts? |
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Definition
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| The ____ complex prepares double stranded breaks for homologous recombination and alters its activity at chi sites |
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| True or False- In a knock out mouse, a normal gene is replaced with a disrupted gene. |
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Definition
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| Human gastrin is a hormone involved in acid secretion and trophic (and perhaps tumor-promoting) effects. You what to find out what happens when mice have the human version of this gene. The mouse you produce (with the human gastrin gene) is a: |
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Definition
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| Knockout mice are very useful in studies of gene function because... |
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Definition
| they show what happens to the phenotype when a specific gene is nonfunctional. |
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Term
| T or F- General recombination requires long regions of homologous DNA on both partners in the exchange, whereas site specific recombination requires only short specific nucleotide sequences, which in some cases need be present on only one of the exchanging partners. |
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Definition
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| T or F- General recombination involves the physical exchange of DNA segments, which entails the breaking and rejoining of phosphodiester bonds in the DNA backbone. |
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Definition
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| T or F- The RecA protein combines a site specific, single-strand nicking activity with an ATP dependent DNA helicase function that can unravel single -stranded "whiskers" off a duplex DNA molecule. |
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Definition
| False- THis is true of the RecBCD protein. RecA protein is required for the pairing of homologous duplexes |
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Term
| The SSB protein of E. coli melts out short hairpin helices in single strands by binding to the sugar-phosphate backbone and holding the bases in an exposed position. |
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Definition
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| The RecA protein binds both single-stranded and double-stranded DNA so that it can catalyze synapsis between them. |
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Definition
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Definition
| They are specific DNA sequences that locally stimulate RecBCD mediated homologous recombination in E. coli |
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