Term
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Definition
| A group of proteins in the plasma, found in the inactive form, that are circulating and waiting to be activated by IgG or IgM. |
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Term
| Complement must bind _____ in order to activate C' components. |
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Definition
| simultaneously to two adjacent Ig Fc regions |
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Term
| Only IgG and IgM will fix (bind) complement at Fc; _____ will do so more efficiently than _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Antibody does not destroy antigen by itself, it needs _____. |
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Definition
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Term
When complement is bound, there is activation; portions of complement system contribute to:
virus inactivation |
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Definition
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Term
When complement is bound, there is activation; portions of complement system contribute to:
opsonization (ability to phagocytize) |
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Definition
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Term
When complement is bound, there is activation; portions of complement system contribute to:
chemotaxis |
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Definition
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Term
When complement is bound, there is activation; portions of complement system contribute to:
kinin activation |
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Definition
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Term
When complement is bound, there is activation; portions of complement system contribute to:
anaphalaxis (anaplyatoxin) |
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Definition
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Term
When complement is bound, there is activation; portions of complement system contribute to:
solubilization of immune complexes |
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Definition
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Term
| Complement is found in all _____ serum. Activity is destroyed by heating serum to _____ for 30 minutes. Comprised of _____ components. |
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Definition
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Term
| The alternative of Properdin pathway is activated in the absence of: |
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Definition
IgG/IgM
polysaccharides
liposaccharides
bacterial endotoxins
IgA aggregates |
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Term
| The alternative of Properdin pathway provides a mechanism for promoting phagocytosis and for activating the inflammatory response (chemotaxis) and lytic properties of: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
C3a and C5a
mediate the release of histamine from leukocytes and mast cells which increases vascular permeability and causes smooth muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
C5a and other intermediates
involvement in the accumulation of various white blood cells at the site of infection; attracts leukocytes |
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Term
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Definition
C3b
facilitates phagocytosis and antibody response, receptors found on B-cells and phagocytes for C3b |
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Term
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Definition
C3a
acts as glue to keep foreign substance adhered to any surface |
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Term
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Definition
bacteriolysis (bacteria)
hemolysis (rbc's)
C9 punches holes in membrane speeding up the lysis (slower lysis at C8) |
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Term
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Definition
inactivators: enzymes that destroy the primary amino acid structure of complement components
inhibitors: do not break amino acid chains, but combine with the components in a way that prevents further interaction with intermediates; these are also enzymes |
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Term
| What are three complement abnormalities: |
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Definition
1) increased concentrations of C' (overproduction)
2) hypercatabolic decreases (increased breakdown of C')
3) hyposynthetic decreases (liver synthesis decreased) |
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Term
| Many complement components are considered acute-phase proteins, meaning they _____ inflammatory response. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is the center of activation for both the classical and alternative pathways. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ assays via serologic testing an be helpful in assessing disease or response to disease (antibody production). |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| assays classical lysis of s-RBCs (coated with antibody) |
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Term
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Definition
| assays the function of classical pathway components |
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Term
| Complement Fixation Tests (CF) detect _____. |
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Definition
| complement consumption by antibodies |
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Term
| Describe the complement fixation test. |
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Definition
1) heat inactivate the serum
2) indicator cells (s-RBCs coated with hemolysin)
3) a preparation containing reagent complement
4) reaction conditions that allow the antibody to combine with its antigen
5) if C-activating antibody is present, it combines with antigen and causes C1 to enter immune complex and free C' decreases; if no antibody, no immune complex, no C' fixed, and C' remains unchanged |
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Term
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Definition
positive serum = (4+) no hemolysis
negative serum = hemolysis |
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Term
| Ag and Ab complex binds to C' + s-RBCs -> no hemolysis |
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Definition
| positive test for C' fixing antibody |
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Term
| serum + Ag + C' + s-RBCs -> hemolysis |
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Definition
| no Ab to consume C' = negative test |
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Term
| serum + Ab + C' + s-RBCs -> hemolysis |
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Definition
| no Ag to consume C' = negative test |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| no further testing needed |
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Term
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Definition
Lytic Rice Test = positive serum
Non-Lytic Rice Test = negative serume |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| antigenic poisons, bacterial enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| heat labile; from G+ bacteria; highly antigenic and poisonous (ex: diphtheria) |
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Term
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Definition
| heat stable; from mostly G- bacteria; fever producing; resists temps of 60C for a short period of time |
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