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Mission 3:Analyzing the Evidence
study guide
34
Science
6th Grade
11/20/2011

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Term
Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS)
Definition
The collection and underground storage of carbon dioxide gas.
Term
Stratigraphy
Definition
Study of rock layers.
Term
Relative Dating
Definition
Placing layers of rocks,fossils,or geologic events in chronological order so that ages can be compared.
Term
2 Laws concerning Relative Dating
Definition
Law of Original Horizontality
Law of Superposition
Term
Law of Horizontality
Definition
All sedimentary rock layers initially form in horizontal layers, and that any change from that horizontal position is due to the rock being disturbed later.
Term
Law of Superposition
Definition
Relative ages of the layers of rock in an area.
Term
Syncline
Definition
When the layers fold downwards and form a bowl-like shape.
Term
Anticline
Definition
When the layers of rock fold upward like an arch.
Term
Unconformities
Definition
The area where the processes of wheathering,erosion,deposition,and lithification have a geologic record.
Term
Intrusion
Definition
Magma that pierces,flows into,and solidifies in pre-existing rock.
Term
Extrusion
Definition
Lava that erupts,flows,and solidifies on top of pre-existing rock formations.
Term
Fault
Definition
A break in Earth’s crust usually caused by geologic forces within Earth.
Term
Isotopes
Definition
A different form of an atom determined by a change in the numbers of neutrons in its nucleus.
Term
Radioactivity
Definition
the natural release of energy by unstable atoms
Term
radioactive decay
Definition
the process where an unstable atom,over time,spontaneously releases energy breaking down to from a more stable atom.
Term
half-life
Definition
The amount of time it takes for half of the mass of a radioactive to decay
Term
Radiometric age
Definition
The approximate age of a fossil,rock,or an event in geologic time to calculate in years using radiometric dating techniques.
Term
Fossils
Definition
Remains or traces of organisms preserved in Earth’s crust
Term
paleontology
Definition
The study on life on Earth as revealed through fossils
Term
decomposition
Definition
A process where organic materials such as bacteria and fungi break down.
Term
mold
Definition
a hollow impression left by an organisms that decay during the formation of sedimentary rock
Term
cast
Definition
a preserved replica of an organisms outer feature formed by crystalization of minerals with in the mold
Term
Mineral replacement fossils
Definition
the preserved remains of an organism where enriched solution fill and crystallize the microscopic spaces within bones,shells,teeth,or woody plant tissue
Term
preserved remains
Definition
the tissue of once living organisms that has been protected through the process of decomposition
Term
fossil record
Definition
a chronological list of life forms that existed in earths past
Term
index fossils
Definition
the preserved remains of an organism known to have lived during a spacific time span
Term
geologic time
Definition
a time scale representing the physical formation and development of life on earth which can be divided by eons,eras,periods,and epochs
Term
Eons
Definition
the largest division of geologic time
Term
Four eons divide Earth’s entire history
Definition
the Hadean,Archaean,Proterozoic,
and Phanerozoic eons
Term
Precambrian time
Definition
The span of time that includes the Hadean,Archaean,Proterozoic,
and Phanerozoic eons
Term
eras
Definition
In general, each era is based upon the group of animals that dominated life on Earth during the time period
Term
periods
Definition
partly based upon rock evidence of major disturbances that occurred in Earth’s crust
Term
epochs
Definition
unit of geologic time that subdivides periods
Term
Pangaea
Definition
Greek for "all lands"
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