Term
| Are pyroclastics mafic or felsic? |
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Definition
| Felsic! Mafic volcanoes have a quiet eruption w/ no pyroclastics. |
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Term
| What are the charges in a covalent bond? |
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Definition
| Ther are no charges in a covalent bond! |
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Term
| How do nonmetallic native elements bond? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 3 cementing agents for sedimentary rocks. Whic of the 3 is the most durable? |
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Definition
| Calicite, clay(silica minerals), iron compunds. Silica minerals are the most durable. |
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Term
| Which lava/magma is hotter, felsic or mafic? |
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Definition
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Term
| How active are Mars' volcanoes? |
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Definition
| Not at all, Mars no longer has a molten core. |
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Term
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Definition
| A microbe that thrives in a place that seems impossible to live in. |
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Term
| What chemical in groundwater helps create most limestone caverns? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the hardest sedimentary rock? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The breakdown and transportation or rocks. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does carbonation do? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much of an iceberg is below the surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many times in the past 2 million years has an ice sheet gone forward and retreated over A2? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does glacial ice stop moving? |
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Definition
| No, it is always moving towards the front of the glacier, the glacier might just be melting at the same rate it is moving. |
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Term
| How do end moraines grow? |
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Definition
| If glacier sits at same spot for a long period of time. The longer it's there, the bigger the moraine. |
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Term
| Glaciers only calve at sea level. T or F |
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Definition
| False, they can calve underwater, which is below sea level. |
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Term
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Definition
| Oldest fossils on the planet(3.4 billion yrs old). Fossil of blue-green algae or cyanobacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stony meteorites that have not been modified due to melting or differentiation of the parent body. |
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Term
| What are subduction zones? What happens in subduction zones? |
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Definition
| An area on Earth where two tectonic plates meet and move towards one another, with one sliding underneath the other and moving down into the mantle, at rates typically measured in centimeters per year. An oceanic plate ordinarily slides underneath a continental plate; this often creates an orogenic zone with many volcanoes and earthquakes. |
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Term
| What began the continents? |
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Definition
| Small volcanic islands that built up to form bigger and bigger land masses. |
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Term
| When does a shimmer occur? |
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Definition
| When fresh and salt water mix. |
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Term
| When do stalagmites and stalactites form the most? |
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Definition
| During ice ages, b/c there is a lot of rain in the tropics during ices ages, so there is more groundwater and thus more drip water. |
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Term
| Name one of the hardest features in nature. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A regular solid with smooth surfaces, or faces. |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that is a crystalline element or compound, that has a specific composition, and has a unique set of physical properties. |
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Term
| What is the most important identifier of a mineral? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the hardness of a mineral dependent on? |
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Definition
| It is directly dependent on the mineral's crystalline structure. |
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Term
| What is the hardness of a fingernail? A penny? A nail? Glass? Mica? |
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Definition
Fingernail=2.5
Penny=3.5
SteelNail=4.5
Glass=5.5
Mica=2.5 |
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Term
| What is Karst topography? |
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Definition
| A region that is very chemically weathered. It is littered w/ sinkholes, caverns, and underground rivers. |
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Term
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Definition
| A line that connects all of the points of the same elevation. |
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Term
| Can contourlines intersect? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do contour lines show the direction of stream flow? |
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Definition
| They V upstream, with the point of the V pointing upstream. |
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Term
| What is the formula for the surface area of a hexagon? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which crystal system would include a mineral that forms a crystal that has 3 axes different from 90-degrees and all 3 axes unequal? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The ability for an element to be pounded into thin sheets. |
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Term
| What are rock-forming minerals? |
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Definition
| Common minerals that make up most of the rocks in the earth's crust. |
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Term
| Non-metallic minerals tend to have ____-colored streak. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A stream deposit that froms along the sides of a stream bed and runs parallel to the stream banks. |
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Term
| What moves an alpine glacier(not gravity)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for discharge? |
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Definition
| D=(depth*0.6)*width*velocity |
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Term
| What kind of volcano is Krakatoa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of volcano is Vesuvius? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of volcano is Fuji? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of volcano is Mt. St. Helens? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of volcano is Pinatubo? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| I think it is the break away through the very narrow neck between 2 parts of a river fromed when a meander almost finishes it's loop. |
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Term
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Definition
| Either a measure of mass(1 carat=200 milligrams) or of purity(ex. 24-carat gold is 100% pure) |
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Term
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Definition
| Metals lose electrons to form positive cations. They bond to other metals by metallic bonding. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gain electrons to form negative anions. Bonds to other nonmetals through covalent bonding. |
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Term
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Definition
| An intermediate between a metal and a nonmetal. |
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Term
| -ides bond _______ b/c a ______ and a _______ are bonding. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are ferromagnesian minerals? Give an example. |
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Definition
| A subgroup of silicates. Ex. Hornblende |
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Term
| Do covalent bonds always result in isometric crystals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is stronger, face-centered or body-centered cubic? |
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Definition
| Body centered 8 other atoms to support it instead of 6. |
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Term
| What is the difference between silicates and oxides? |
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Definition
Silicates: SiO4 + metal
Oxides: Oxygen + metal |
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Term
| What bond is the strongest? Weakest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between a sill and a laccolith? |
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Definition
| Sills stay parallel to rock layers. Laccoliths cause the rock above them to buckle. |
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Term
| Where are stratovolcanoes found? Shields? Cinder cones? |
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Definition
Stratos:Found in subduction zones(where two plates meet and overlap).
Shields:Above hot spots and where two plates are moving apart.
Cinder:Found in subduction zones(where two plates meet and overlap). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the significance of galena? |
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Definition
| It is the most important lead ore mineral. |
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