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| Application Program Interface |
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| An applet is a software component that runs in the context of another program, for example a web browser. An applet usually performs a very narrow function that has no independent use. Hence, it is an application. |
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| Characteristic of an entity |
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| A banner is a flag or other piece cloth bearing a symbol, logo, slogan, or other message |
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| Data processing where business are accumulated over a period of time and prepared for processing as a single unit or batch |
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| Biometrics is used as a form of identity access management and access control. It is also used to identify individuals in groups that are under surveillance |
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| Also called weblog, a web site that people can create and use to write about their observation, experiences, and feelings on a wide range of topics |
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| Software tool that searches the web for information such as products and prices |
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| Decision making approach that often consists of member offering ideas off the top of their heads |
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| process of gathering enough of the right information in a timely manner and usable form and analyzing it to have a positive impact on business strategy, tactics, and operations |
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| Certification is a process for testing skills and knowledge, which results in a statement by the certifying authority that states an individual is capable of performing a particular kind of job |
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| user interface that requires you to give text commands to the computer to perform basic activities |
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| Computer Assisted Manufacturing |
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| System that directly controls manufacturing equipment |
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| Computer Integrated Manufacturing |
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| Using computers to link the components of the production process into an effective system |
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| Method of transferring multimedia files over the internet so that the data stream of voice and pictures plays more or less continuously without a break or very few of them, enables users to browse large files in real time |
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| Part of the computer that consists of three associated elements, the arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas |
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| Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency |
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| Information analysis toot that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse |
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| Diagram of data entities and their relationships |
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| Database that collects business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company's processes, products, and cumstomers |
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| An organized collection of facts and information |
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| Data Definition Language is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database |
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| Decision making approach in which group decision makers are geographically dispersed. This approach encourages diversity among group members and fosters creativity and original thinking in decision making |
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| Report developed to give certain information at someones request |
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| An attachment to an email message or data embedded in a website that verifies the identity of a sender or website |
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| Database managements system is a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and the user of the database and other application programs |
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| The person or group who has the expertise or knowledge the expert system is trying to capture |
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| A report providing increasingly detailed data about a situation |
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| Going through the trash cans of an organization to find secret or confidential information, including information needed to access an information system or its data |
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| Conducting business activities electronically over computer networks such as the internet, extranets, and corporate networks |
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| Electronic Bill Presentment |
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| A method of billing whereby a vendor posts an image of your statement on the internet and alerts you by email that your bill has arrived |
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| System central to the organization that ensures information can be shared across all business functions and all levels of management to support the running and managing of a business |
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| Data models that use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data |
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| Enterprise Resource Planning is a set of integrated programs capable of managing a company's vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization |
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| A report automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action |
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| Hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to a human expert |
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| A network based on web technologies that links selected resources of a company's intranet with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners |
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| Typically a name, number, or combination of characters that describe an aspect of a business object or activity |
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| A collection of related records |
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| A part of a computer system or network that is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting authorized communications |
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| A simple Database program whose records have no relationship to one another. Often used to store and manipulate a single table or riles, and do no use any of the database models discussed previously, such as the relational model |
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| Forward/Backward Chaining |
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| Forward is the process of starting with facts and working towards conclusions, where backward is starting with conclusions and working towards facts |
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| It is a link between two computer programs or systems such as internet forums. A gateway acts as a portal between two programs allowing them to share information by communicating between protocols on a computer or between protocols. A gateway can have tremendous negative effects on personal computers if not used properly. |
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| An approach to solving large, complex problems in which a number of related operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges |
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| A decision making approach that forces m embers in the croup to reach a unanimous decision |
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| Software application that consists of most elements in a DSS, plus software to provide effective support in group decision making |
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| Graphical User Interface is an interface that uses icons and menus displayed on screen to send commands to the computer system |
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| Commonly accepted guidelines of procedures that usually find a good solution |
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| The standard page description language for websites |
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| Hypermedia is used as a logical extension of the term hypertext in which graphics, audio, video, plain text, and hyperlinks intertwine to create a generally non-linear medium of information. This contrasts with the broader term multimedia, which may be used to describe non-interactive linear presentations as well as hypermedia |
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| Part of the exper system that seeks information and relationships from the knowledge base and provides answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would |
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| Programs and knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program, also called intelligent robot |
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| The ability to learn from experiences and apply knowledge acquired from experience, handle complex situations, solve problems when important information is missing, determine what is important, react quickly and correctly to a new situation, understand visual images, process and manipulate symbols, be creative and imaginative and use heuristics |
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| An internal network based on web technologies that allows people within an organization to exchange information and work on projects |
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| Internet Protocol is a communication standard that enables traffic to be routed from one network to another as needed |
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| Involves the "matching" of lenders with savings to borrowers who need money by an agent or third party, such as a bank |
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| Ad Hoc DSS is a DSS concerned with situations or decisions that come up only a few times during the life of an organization |
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| Digital Subscriber Line, a telecommunications service that delivers high speed internet access to homes and small businesses over the existing phone lines of the local telephone network |
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| Asymmetric DSL line desinged to provide download speed three to four times faster then upload speed |
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| Any company that provides internet access to people or organizations |
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| Inventory and materials are delivered just before they are used in manufacturing a product |
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| Summary of the previous day's critical activities, typically available at the beginning of each workday |
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| A person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system |
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| Combination of software and hardware that allows the computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback it receives |
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| Large powerful computer often shared by hundreds of concurrent users connected to the machine via terminals |
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| Viruses and worms that destroy or interrupt, or cause errors in processing |
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| The identification of specific markets to target them with advertising messages |
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| Materials Requirement Planning |
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| A set of inventory control techniques that help coordinate thousands of inventory items when the demand for one item is dependent on the demand for another |
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| Part of a DSS that provides decision makers access to a variety of models and assists them in decision making |
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| Natural Language Processing |
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| Processing that allows the computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a "natural" language such as English |
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| A computer system that can simulate the functioning of a human brain |
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| A decision making approach that encourages from individual group members, and the final decision is made by voting similar to the way public officials are elected |
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| Online Analytical Processing is a software that allows users to explore data from a number of perspectives |
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| A small program hidden in a network or a computer system that records identification numbers and passwords |
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| The Public Key Infrastructure is a set of hardware, software, people, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage, store, distribute, and revoke digital certificates |
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| A form of online advertising on the world wide web intended to attract web traffic or capture email addresses. It works when certain websites open a new web browser window to display advertisements |
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| Redundant Array Of Independent Disks is a method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data, allowing the system to create a "reconstruction map" so that if a hard drive fails, the system can rebuild lost data |
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| A collection of related data fields |
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| A networking device whose software and hardware are usually tailored to the tasks of routing and forwarding information. |
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| Really Simple Syndication is a collection of web technologies that allow users to subscribe to web content that is frequently updated |
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| Segmentation and Reassembly refers to the process used to fragment and reassemble packets so as to allow them to e transported across Asynchronous Transfer Mode networks. Since ATM's payload is only 48 bytes, nearly every packet from any other protocol has to be processed in this way. Thus, it is an essential process for ATM node. It is usually handled by a dedicated chip, called the SAR |
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| A model that will a good, but not necessarily the best problem solution |
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| A description of an entire database |
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| A valuable enables you to find information on the web by specifying words that are key to a topic of interest, known as keywords |
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| SSL is a communication protocol is used to secure sensitive data during e-commerce |
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| A computer designed for a specific task, such as a network or internet application |
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| A credit card sized device with an embedded microchip to provide electronic memory and processing capability |
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| Using social skills to get computer users to provide information to access an information system or its data |
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| The act of unauthorized copying or distribution of copyrighted software |
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| Structured Query Language is a standardized data manipulation language |
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| Transistors and logic gates whose function is to change their output state between two logic levels or connect different signal lines, and even computers, network switches, whose function is to provide connections between different ports in a computer network |
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| Software and Information Industry Association |
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| One of the U.S. trade association for the software and digital content industry. |
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| World Wide Web Consortium(W3C) |
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| The main international standards organization for the world wide web. It is arranged as a consortium where member organization maintain full-time staff for the purpose of working together int eh development of standards for the WWW |
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| Transaction Processing System is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions |
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| Executive Support System is a specialized DSS that includes all hardware, software, data, procedures, and people used to assist senior level executives withing the organization |
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| Management Information System is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers |
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| A malicious program that disguises itself as a usual application or game and purposefully does something that the user did not expect |
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| The process by which VPNs transfer information by encapsulating traffic in IP packets over the internet |
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| Determines whether the responses from a computer with intelligent behavior are indistinguishable from responses from a human being |
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| Uniform Resource Locator is an assigned address on the internet for each computer |
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| A computer program file capable of attaching to disks or other files and replicating itself repeatedly, typically without the users knowledge or permission |
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| The hardware and software that permit computers capture, store, and manipulate visual images |
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| Converts spoken words to machine-readable input |
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| Voice Over Internet Protocol is a collection of technologies and communications protocols that enables your voice to be converted into packets of data that can be sent over a data network such as the internet, a WAN, or LAN |
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| Virtual Private Network is a secure connection between two points on the internet |
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| A parasitic computer program that can create copies of itself on the infected computer or send copies to other computers via a network |
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