Term
| Application Programming Interface (API) |
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Definition
| Allows applications to make use of operating systems. |
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Definition
| Any small application that performs one specific task. Typically associated with Java. First termed by AppleScript. |
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Definition
| A characteristic of an entity. |
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| A form of online advertising that involves embedding an ad into a web page. |
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Definition
| A form of data processing where business transactions are accumulated over time and prepared for processing as a single unit or batch. |
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| Physiological or behavioral traits used to identify individuals. The basis for identity access management and access control. |
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Definition
| A blend of the word web log. Maintained by an individual or group, usually describing events in reverse chronological order. |
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Definition
| Software tool that searches the web for information such as products and prices. |
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Definition
| Decision-making approach that often consists of members offering ideas "off tha top of they heads." |
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Definition
| The process of gathering the right information in a timely manner and usable form and analyzing it to have a positive impact on business strategy, tactics, or operations. |
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Term
| Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) |
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Definition
| Group of experts that handle computer security incidents. |
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Definition
| User interface that requires a text command for the computer to perform basic activities. |
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Definition
| The rate at which data is exchanged over a communication channel, usually measured in bits per second (bps). |
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Definition
| A way to route communications between network nodes (computers or other devices) by allowing for continuous connections and reconfiguration around blocked paths by "hopping" from node to node until a connection is established. |
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Definition
| Processing alternative where computers are placed in remote locations but are connected to each other via a network. |
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Definition
| Processing alternative in which processing occurs at a single location or facility. |
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Definition
| Using a giant cluster of computers to serve as a host to run applications that require high-performance computing. |
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Definition
| Non-streamed webcast containing digital media files that are released episodically and often downloaded from a syndicated source. |
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Definition
| The simultaneous execution of the same task on multiple computers in order to obtain results faster. |
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Term
| Computer-assisted manufacturing |
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Definition
| A system that directly controls manufacturing equipment. |
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Term
| Computer-integrated manufacturing |
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Definition
| Manufacturing approach of using computers to control the entire production process. |
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Term
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Definition
| Method for transferring multimedia files over the internet so the data stream plays continuously or with fewer breaks. Enables web users to browse large files in real time. |
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Term
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) |
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Definition
| Part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logical unit, the control unit, and the register areas. |
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Term
| Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) |
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Definition
| Agency of the US Department of Defense responsible for developing new technology for use by the military. Responsible for funding the first network systems and hypertext. Responsible for ARPANET (the first wide area packet-switching network). |
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Definition
| A subset of a data warehouse. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scouring large data sets of business related information to discover patterns and relationships. |
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Term
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Definition
| An information analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse. |
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Definition
| A diagram of data entities and their relationships. |
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Definition
| Database that collects business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company's processes, products, and customers. |
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Term
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Definition
| An organized collection of facts and information. |
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Term
| Data Definition Language (DDL) |
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Definition
| A collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decision-making approach in which group decision makers are geographically dispersed. This approach encourages diversity among group members and fosters creativity and original thinking. |
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Definition
| A report developed to give information at someone's specific request. |
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Definition
| Attachment to an e-mail or data embedded in a web site that verifies the identity of the sender or said web site. |
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Term
| Document management system (DMS) |
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Definition
| Computer system used to track and store electronic documents. |
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Term
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Definition
| Person or group who has the expertise or knowledge that the expert system is trying to capture. |
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Term
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Definition
| A report providing increasingly detailed data about a situation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Going through the trash cans of an organization to find confidential information, including info needed to access a system or its data. |
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Definition
| Using information systems and the internet to perform all business-related tasks and functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conducting business activities (e.g., distribution, buying, selling, etc.) electronically over computer networks such as the internet, extranets, or corporate networks. |
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Term
| Electronic bill presentation |
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Definition
| Method of billing where a vendor posts an image of a statement and sends an e-mail alert that the bill has arrived. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of transforming information using an algorithm to make it unreadable to those without a key. |
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Term
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Definition
| A method that allows two or more people to communicate online. |
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Term
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Definition
| A system central to the organization that ensures information can be shared across all business functions and levels of management to support the managing of a business. |
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Term
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Definition
| Data models that use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data. |
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Term
| Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) |
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Definition
| Integrated programs capable of managing a company's vital business operations for an entire global organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| A report automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires management action. |
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Definition
| Hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences similar to a human expert. |
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Term
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Definition
| A network based on web technologies that links selected resources of a company's intranet with its customers, suppliers, and other business partners. |
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Term
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Definition
| Typically a name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or activity. |
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Definition
| A collection of related records. |
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Term
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Definition
| Technological barrier designed to permit or deny network transmissions from unauthorized users while allowing legitimate communications to pass. |
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Term
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Definition
| Plain or mixed text file used to encode a database model as a single file. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of starting with the facts and working toward to the conclusions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of starting with conclusions and working backward to the supporting facts. |
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Definition
| A computer or a network that controls or allows access to another computer or network. |
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Term
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Definition
| An approach to solving large, complex problems in which a number of related operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges. |
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Definition
| Decision-making approach that forces members in the group to reach a unanimous decision. |
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Term
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Definition
| Software application that consists of most elements in a DSS, plus software to provide effective support in group decision making. |
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Term
| Graphical User Interface (GUI) |
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Definition
| An interface that uses icons and menus displayed on screen to send commands to the computer system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Commonly accepted guidelines or procedures that usually find a good solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Feedback technology that utilizes a user's sense of touch by applying physical forces. |
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Term
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Definition
| Microprocessor that combines two or more independent processors into a single computer so they can share the workload and deliver a boost to processing capacity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Succession of data elements supplied over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| The initial or main page of a web site. |
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Term
| Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) |
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Definition
| The standard page description language for web sites. |
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Term
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Definition
| Graphics, audio, video, plain text, and hyper links intertwined to create a generally non-linear medium of information. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of the expert system that seeks information and relationships from the knowledge base and provides answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would. |
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Term
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Definition
| Programs and a knowledgeable base used to perform a specific task for a person, process, or another program. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to learn from experiences, handle complex situations, solve problems with missing information, react quickly, be creative and use heuristics. |
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Term
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Definition
| An internal network based on web technologies that allows people within an organization to exchange information and work on projects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Communication standard that enables traffic to be routed from one network to another as needed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves the matching of one party or application to another through a third party or agent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Concerned with situations or decisions that come up only a few times during the life of the organization. |
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Term
| Action Description Language (ADL) |
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Definition
| A formal language for automatic planning systems. |
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Term
| Abstract-Type and Scheme-Definition Language (ASDL) |
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Definition
| Computer language developed as part of ESPIRIT as a basis for generating language based editors and environments. |
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Term
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Definition
| Broadband internet access provided through a modem that utilizes bi-directional data communication over some form of radio frequency such as HFC or RFoG infrastructure. |
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Term
| Internet Service Provider (ISP) |
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Definition
| Any company that provides internet access to people or organizations. |
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Term
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Definition
| A philosophy of inventory management in which inventory or materials are delivered just before they are used in manufacturing a product. |
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Term
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Definition
| Summary of the previous day's critical activities. Typically available at the beginning of each workday. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person who has training or experience in the design, development, implementation, and maintenance of an expert system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Combination of software and hardware that allows the computer to change how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback it receives. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large, powerful computer often shared by hundreds of concurrent users connected to the machine via terminals. |
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Term
| Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) |
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Definition
| Thin, flat electronic display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals. Does not directly emit light. |
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Term
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Definition
| A field or set of fields that uniquely identifies the record. |
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Term
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Definition
| Database model that describes data in which all elements are placed in two-dimensional tables, called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files. |
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Term
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Definition
| Malicious software designed to secretly access a computer system with hostile intent. |
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Term
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Definition
| The identification of specific markets in order to target them with advertising messages. |
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Term
| Materials requirement planning |
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Definition
| A set of inventory-control techniques that help coordinate thousands of inventory items when the demand for one item is dependent on the demand for another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of a DSS that provides decision makers access to a variety of models to assist in decision making. |
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Term
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Definition
| Processing that allows the computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in "natural" languages, such as English. |
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Term
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Definition
| A computer system that can simulate the functioning of the human brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decision-making approach that encourages feedback from individual group members, and the final decision is made by voting. Supposedly similar to the way public officials are elected. |
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Term
| Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) |
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Definition
| Software that allows users to explore data from a number of perspectives. |
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Term
| Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) |
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Definition
| A form of data processing where each transaction is processed immediately, without the delay of accumulating transactions into a batch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small programs hidden in a network or computer system that records identification numbers and passwords. |
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Term
| Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) |
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Definition
| An arrangement that binds public keys with respective user identities by means of certificate authority. |
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Term
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Definition
| A set of software components that adds specific abilities to a larger software application. |
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Term
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Definition
| The web as a computing platform that supports software applications and the sharing of information between users. |
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Term
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Definition
| The live exchange of several persons from remote but linked locations through the use of a telecommunications system. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of web advertising that appears in a new window. |
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Term
| Redundant Array of Independent/Inexpensive Disks (RAID) |
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Definition
| Method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data, allowing the system to create a "reconstruction map" so a system can rebuild lost data if it fails. |
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Term
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Definition
| A collection of related data fields. |
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Term
| Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) |
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Definition
| Technology that employs microchips with an antenna that broadcasts its unique identifier and location to receivers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events, such as future sales or probability of loan default. |
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Term
| Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) |
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Definition
| Electroluminescent layer of film in which organic compounds emit light in response to an electric current. |
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Term
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Definition
| Device that forwards data packets across computer networks. |
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Term
| Really Simple Syndication (RSS) |
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Definition
| Family of web feed formats used to publish frequently updated works such as blog entries or news headlines. |
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Term
| Segmentation and Reassembly (SAR) |
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Definition
| Process used to fragment and reassemble variable length packets into fixed length cells to allow them to be transferred across cell based infrastructures. |
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Term
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Definition
| A model that will find a good-but not necessarily the best- problem solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| A description of the entire database. |
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Term
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Definition
| Valuable tool that enables users to find information on the web by using keywords. |
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Term
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Definition
| A communications protocol that is used to secure sensitive data during e-commerce. |
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Term
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Definition
| Computer designed for a specific task, such as network or internet applications. |
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Term
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Definition
| A credit card-sized device with an embedded microchip to provide electronic memory and processing capability. |
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Term
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Definition
| Using social skills to get users to provide information to access a system or its data. |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of unauthorized copying or distribution of copyrighted software. |
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Term
| Structured Query Language (SQL) |
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Definition
| Database computer language designed for managing data in RDBMS. Originally based upon relational algebra. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of storing and restoring context of a CPU so that execution can be resumed from the same point at a later time. |
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Term
| The Software and Information Industry Alliance |
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Definition
| US based software trade association whose actions pertain to government relations, business development and property protection to companies that produce software related content and products. |
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Term
| World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) |
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Definition
| The main international standards organization for the world wide web. |
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Term
| Transaction Processing System (TPS) |
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Definition
| An organized system used to record completed business transactions. |
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Term
| Decision Support System (DSS) |
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Definition
| An organized system used to support problem-specific decision making. |
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Term
| Executive Support System (ESS) |
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Definition
| Specialized DSS that is used to assist senior-level executives within the organization. |
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Term
| Management Information System (MIS) |
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Definition
| An organized system that provides routine information to managers and decision makers. |
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Term
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Definition
| A malicious program that disguises itself as a usual application or game and purposefully does something the user does not expect. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which VPNs transfer information by encapsulating traffic in IP packets over the internet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Test of a machine's ability to demonstrate intelligence. |
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Term
| Uniform Resource Locator (URL) |
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Definition
| An assigned address on the internet for each computer. |
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Term
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Definition
| Computer program or file capable of attaching to disks or other files and replicating itself repeatedly, typically without the users knowledge. |
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Definition
| The hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images. |
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Term
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Definition
| Automated system that converts spoken words to text. |
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Term
| Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) |
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Definition
| A collection of technologies and communications protocols that enables voices to be converted into packets of data that can be sent over a data network such as the internet. |
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Term
| Virtual Private Network (VPN) |
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Definition
| A secure connection between two points on the internet. |
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Term
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Definition
| A parasitic computer program that can create copies of itself on the infected computer or send copies to other computer via a network. |
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Term
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Definition
| A TV streaming device made by Sling Media that encodes video into the VC-1 format for transmission over the internet. Provides an infrared blaster? |
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Term
| Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) |
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Definition
| Commonly used web browser for small devices such as cell phones. |
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Term
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Definition
| An RDBMS that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. Popular choice for use in web applications. |
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Term
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Definition
| An object-oriented programming language from SunMicrosystems based on C++ that allows small programs (applets) to be embedded within an HTML document. |
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Term
| Database Management System (DBMS) |
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Definition
| Group of programs that manipulate the database and provide interface between the database and the user of the database and other application programs. |
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