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MIS final exam
Decision Support
84
Computer Science
Undergraduate 3
12/05/2008

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Cards

Term
The three components of a decision
Definition
There are some options, there is a measure, there is a decision rule
Term
What to do when there are multiple measure
Definition
you have to combine information on the multiple measure into one measure: "better than."
Term
objective function
Definition
an equation used to combine multiple measures into one. ie skittles example
Term
The first rule of decision making
Definition
don't panic! remember the three things
Term
What makes a good decision?
Definition
it yields high future returns from investments, and does not take long to make.
Term
when do you know your decision is good?
Definition
you usually don't know when the decision you made was the one that yielded the best return
Term
How do people know how to make decisions?
Definition
People need to learn how to make business decisions.
Term
How is decision making different from running a business process?
Definition
Business processes are usually fairly well defined. You know what to do and when to do it. You often know whether or not it succeeded or not. In decision making there is uncertainty and risk. There are unknowns. There are things you never know, like the value of a forgone opportunity.
Term
The three components of a decision
Definition
There are some options, there is a measure, there is a decision rule
Term
How is decision making different from running a business process?
Definition
Business processes are usually fairly well defined. You know what to do and when to do it. You often know whether or not it succeeded or not. In decision making there is uncertainty and risk. There are unknowns. There are things you never know, like the value of a forgone opportunity.
Term
How do you evaluate decision quality?
Definition
look at the decision process
Term
why is it good to be worried about decision making?
Definition
it means that you take it seriously
Term
examples of measures of success
Definition
speed, sales, accuracy, customer complaints
Term
Where can you find information about success measures?
Definition
in the order system database
Term
what should you do when something relevant happens towards a success measure
Definition
Write it down
Term
How can managers remember something about a success measure?
Definition
cut and paste it into a word document
Term
Prototyping
Definition
a way to create an IS, through repeated cycles of construction and evaluation
Term
What is one of the most important things managers do?
Definition
Choosing measures of employee sucesss
Term
What is up to MaryAnn?
Definition
create a reward system for CSR's that supports the Dog House's goals.
Term
What do people use to simplify decision making?
Definition
Shortcuts
Term
Satisficing
Definition
Going down a list of options and stop after the first one that's acceptable
Term
Availability Bias
Definition
When one of the options is shown more often, which makes the decision maker think that it more common. Murder/Suicide example.
Term
What should you do if a statistic is important to a decision?
Definition
go look it up.
Term
Regression towards the mean
Definition
When you praise someone after they do something unusually well, their performance is worse next time.
Term
Weaseling
Definition
whining and complaining about things in order to get raises. If proper decision making is not used weaseling can have an effect on the decision. It is in a company's best interest to use the decision making process and avoid weaseling. The ambiguity of decision making gives unscrupulous people many weaseling opportunities.
Term
Fundamental Attribution error
Definition
people have an unjustified tendency to assume that a person's actions depend on what "kind" of person that person is rather than on the social and environmental forces influencing the person
Term
Model
Definition
a simplified description of something.The model simulates the real system. The better the description of the thing that modeling software has, the more the software will act like the real thing.
Term
Model Parameter
Definition
It's some value that affects how the model runs over time.
Term
What do simulation models allow?
Definition
"what if" tests at low cost.
Term
What models are more accurate of complex systems?
Definition
Probabilistic
Term
Probabilistic simulation model
Definition
a model that contains random elements
Term
A deterministic simulation model
Definition
a model that contains no random elements
Term
Optimization Model
Definition
a model that gives you the best answer all the time, but only for a limited set of situations. They involve more math, sometimes calculus.
Term
Statistical Analysis Helps?
Definition
reveal the implications of data for a business. It helps people understand differences between things.
Term
What the first thing you should do with data?
Definition
plot it
Term
Linear Regression
Definition
A statistical technique that finds the equation of the line that best fits the data set.
Term
Moving Averages
Definition
Used to smooth out the jaggedness of data.
Term
How was Sara able to figure out what was going on?
Definition
1)her considerable knowledge and skill
2)the data available to her
3) the technology that could help her access and analyze
4)her social network
Term
Some IT related components for statistical analysis
Definition
Some way to accumulate order data over time.

A tool to extract that data.

A tool for mathematical modeling and statistical analysis.
Term
What are the three things to note?
Definition
1)setting all this up costs money, and requires commitment from management.
2)Sara has to have the motivation and skill to use the tools.
3)the tools need to be flexible.
Term
Where can the data be obtained for statistical analysis?
Definition
The ordering system database
Term
Why might the database designed for support transaction processing not be good for decision work?
Definition
1) The order database doesn't contain data for more than a year or two.
2) Interference. If the live database was used it might interfere with order taking.
3) It might not have everything needed.
Term
Data Warehouse
Definition
one or more databases that aggregate data across time, used for decision making.
Term
Data Conduit
Definition
software that copies data from the live TPS database into the data warehouse.
Term
Why isn't data redundancy an issue for data warehouses?
Definition
Because they are not going to be updated. It is about the past.
Term
Middleware
Definition
software that helps the other software exchange data.
Term
DST
Definition
a toolkit of different software. The tools in a DST have to be able to exchange data with each other. That's very important for DSTs, so vendors spend time getting it right.
Some tools can exchange data directly. Excel and Access, for example.
Term
OLAP
Definition
Online analytical processing.OLAP helps decision makers (DMs) use data from relational databases more easily.
Term
Fact Table
Definition
a single table containing all of the sales data. Each Row is a fact
Term
Measure
Definition
something we want to know about a fact. For example, unit price is a measure. Some measures are just attributes of a fact, pulled straight from the fact table.
Term
What is the difference between a dimension and a measure?
Definition
A dimension is a general characteristic of a fact, like the time when a sale took place. A measure is a way of expressing a value on a dimension, like which quarter it was in, which month, which day, etc.
Term
Professional Relationship
Definition
The more Georgia and Brandon get to know each others' jobs, goals, and capabilities, the easier it will be for them to work together. And you can see that their working together has benefits for the company.
Term
Star Schema or snowflake schema or data cubes
Definition
http://www.mis-book.com/img/wiki_up/decisions/star.gif
Term
Dimension Table
Definition
an extra table that adds information to a fact table.
Term
Star Schema
Definition
[image]
Term
Mondrian
Definition
an open source OLAP
Term
OLAP's most common query language
Definition
MDX (Multi-Dimensional eXpressions. It's results tend to be richer and more open to interaction and exploration than SQL.
Term
How is the output table created in an OLAP query?
Definition
The table is created by processing the fact table, using the dimensions specified in the query.
Term
Many web sites are primarily?
Definition
marketing tools
Term
Buyer decision tool
Definition
a tool that helps buyers choose products that will give them the most benefit.
Term
CMS
Definition
Content Management system. It is a program that makes it easier to manage websites. A CMS is made up of one or more programs on a Web server. When a user wants a page, the CMS assembles the page from (1) templates and (2) content that is (usually) stored in a database.
Term
Document Center
Definition
refers more to a purpose an IS serves, rather than an all-or-nothing category.
Term
The bottom like of an IS
Definition
An IS should be whatever it needs to be to support a business.
Term
Types of self service information centers
Definition
online tutorials, troubleshooting tips, manuals, and usage tips, User forums and videos.
Term
Static Web page
Definition
Each HTML page is a single file, with nothing shared between them.

A static Web site is the easiest to create, but the hardest to manage over the long term.
Term
Web Page Templates
Definition
The templates contain the repeated elements, like the menus. The templates are applied to every page, Rather than recreating the repeated elements on every page. If the templates change, then all pages that use the templates change.
Term
CSS
Definition
Cascading Style Sheet. A method of templating that lets you store formatting information, like colors and fonts, separately from page content. With CSS, formatting information can be stored in a separate file. HTML files have a link to the CSS file.
Term
CMS Matrix
Definition
CMS Matrix is for people who know what features they need, more or less, and want to find a product that fits.
Term
Web Page Templates
Definition
The templates contain the repeated elements, like the menus. The templates are applied to every page, Rather than recreating the repeated elements on every page. If the templates change, then all pages that use the templates change.
Term
php
Definition
the primary program code for CMS's
Term
Navigation Bar
Definition
a set of links or buttons that gives users access to the main parts of the site
Term
Single Editor Model
Definition
There is only one person (or maybe a few people) with the authority to change the Web site. All material is sent to that central point.
Term
Distributed editing approach
Definition
People in different areas of the firm edit content directly. People in different part of the company would have access to different parts of the site.
Term
syntax
Definition
a set of rules for writing something.
Term
WYSIWYG editor
Definition
WYSIWYG" stands for "what you see is what you get." A WYSIWYG editor is more like a word processor. When you make a heading, you see big, bold text, etc.
Term
Drawbacks to CMS
Definition
It takes time (and therefore money) to install and configure a CMS

CMS templating systems often have limits, particularly when it comes to site aesthetics.
Term
why are home pages so important?
Definition
because if the home page doesn't grab you, you might leave immediately.
Term
The third option of updating site content
Definition
Use a CMS. You could have tech people get all of the technical stuff right. And the other people could maintain the content they're expert in. The marketers could maintain the product information, the lawyers could maintain the legal information, and so on. This uses everyone's time well.
Term
The two typical uses for Document Centers
Definition
Marketing and self-service
Term
Types of marketing messages
Definition
implicit or explicit
Term
Types of marketing messages
Definition
implicit or explicit
Term
How are Marketing sites organized?
Definition
Marketing sites are often synchronized with a firm's other marketing material. Such consistency helps build brand identity.
Term
Customers care about?
Definition
the benefit/cost ratio of their purchases. A buyer decision tool is a tool that helps buyers choose products that will give them the most benefit.
Term
what is the most difficult aspect of running a web site?
Definition
keeping it up to date. The people who know what content should be on the site are scattered across the company. And they don't know much about Web technology. There could be hundreds of people across the firm who want to get information onto the site.
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