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| An analysis of organization-wide information requirements that examines the entire organization in terms of organizational units, functions, processes, and data elements; helps identify the key entities and attributes in the organization's data. |
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| Setting strict standards for products, services, or activities and measuring organizational performance against those standards. |
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| The activities that go into producing an information systems solution to an organizational problem or opportunity. |
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| The analysis of a problem that the organization will try to solve with an information system. |
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| As part of the systems analysis process, the way to determine whether the solution is achievable, given the organization's resources and constraints. |
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| Details how a system will meet the information requirements as determined by the systems analysis. |
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| The process of translating the system specifications prepared during the design stage into program code. |
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| The process of testing each program separately in the system. Sometimes called program testing. |
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| Tests the functioning of the information system as a whole in order to determine if descrete modules will function together as planned. |
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| Provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting. |
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| Prepared by the development team in conjunction with the users; it includes all of the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system. |
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| The process of changing from the old system to the new system. |
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| A safe and conservative conversion approach where both the old system and its potential replacement are run together for a time until everyone is assured that the new one functions correctly. |
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| Descriptions of how an infomation system works from both a technical or an end-user stand-point. |
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| The stage after the new system is installed and the conversion is complete; during this time the system is reviewed by users and technical specialists to determine how well it has met its original goals. |
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| Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or procedures to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiency. |
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| The preliminary working version of an information system for demonstration and evaluation purposes. |
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| A process of repeating over and over again the steps to build a system. |
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| The part of an information system through which the end user interacts with the system, such as on-line screens and commands. |
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| The modification of a software package to meet an organization's unique requirements without destroying the package software's integrity. |
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| Request For Proposal (RFP) |
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| A detailed list of questions submitted to vendors of software or other services to determine how well the vendor's product can meet the organization's specific requirements. |
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| The practice of contracting computer center operations, telecommunications networks, or applications development to external vendors. |
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| rapid application development (RAD) |
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| Process for developing systems in a very short time period by using prototyping, fourth-generation tools, and close teamwork among users and systems specialists. |
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| joint application design (JAD) |
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| Process to accelerate the generation of information requirements by having end users and information systems specialists work together in intensive interactive design sessions. |
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| SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) |
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| Set of rules that allows Web services applications to pass data and instructions to one another. |
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| WSDL (Web Services Description Language) |
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| Common framework for describing the tasks performed by a Web service so that it can be used by other applications. |
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