Term
| What did we learn about Wikipedia? |
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Definition
Wiki technology is taking off and people are finding new uses for the technology daily. Wiki is being used for collaboration among many businesses. Wiki is being used in education in a number of ways to support learning:
A. a teacher could post some key revision words for students to expand into definitions/pages
B. Students could work in groups on collaborative documents such as a group report
C. Course notes could be refined over the duration of the course by both students and teachers
D. Students could research new topics and contribute their findings |
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Term
| How is the organization and separation of data within an organization accomplished? |
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Definition
1. Information levels: individual, department, enterprise
2. Information Formats: document, presentation, spreadsheet, database
3. Information Granularities: refers to the extent of detail within the information-detail (fine), summary, aggregate (coarse) |
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Term
| Transactional information |
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Definition
| encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks |
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| encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks |
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| an aspect of information that depends on the situation |
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| Immediate, up-to-date information |
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| provides real-time information in response to query requests |
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| Characteristics of high-quality information include: |
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Definition
1. accuracy
2. completeness
3. consistency
4. uniqueness
5. timeliness |
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Definition
| Are all the values correct? For example, is the name spelled correctly? Is the dollar amount recorded properly? |
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Definition
| Are any of the values missing? For example, is the address complete including street, city, state, and zip code? |
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Definition
| Is aggregate or summary information in agreement with detailed information? For example, do all total fields equal the true total of the individual fields? |
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Definition
| Is each transaction, entity, and event represented only once in the information? For example, are there any duplicate customers? |
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Definition
| Is the information current with respect to the business requirements? For example, is information updated weekly, daily, or hourly? |
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Term
| Business Effects of Low Quality |
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Definition
A. Inability to accurately track customers
B. Difficulty identifying valuable customers
C. Inability to identify selling opportunities
D. Marketing to nonexistent customers
E. Difficulty tracking revenue due to inaccurate invoices
F. Inability to build strong customer relationships |
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Definition
| an organized collection of data for one or more uses, typically in digital form. Maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses) |
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Term
| Databases are at the heart of what? |
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Definition
| All ERP and management systems in today's computer environments |
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Term
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Definition
1. Increase flexibility
2. increased scalability and performance
3. reduced information redundancy
4. increased information integrity (quality)
5. increased information security |
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Term
| Physical view of a database |
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Definition
| deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device (device capacity, tracks required, access, latency) |
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Term
| Logical view of a database |
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Definition
| focuses on how users logically see and access information (logical view of student database by students: courses enrolled, grades, classification, graduation hours, e-mail) |
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Definition
| Hierarchical, Network, Relational |
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Definition
| Organized groups of data with connecting/related characteristic between the data sets |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the systematic organization of data, often in a hierarchical form. Data organization involves fields, records, files and so on |
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Definition
| connection between specific attributes in tables (one to one, one to many, many to many |
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Definition
| person, place, thing, event about which information is maintained |
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Definition
| Description of a particular entity |
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Definition
| identifier field used to retrieve, update, sort a record |
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Definition
| primary key in one table that is an attribute in another table |
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Definition
| information is organized into a tree-like structure (using parent/child relationships) in such a way that it cannot have too many relationships. One to many relationship |
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Definition
| a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships. Each record has multiple parent and child records, many to many relationship. |
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Definition
| stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables |
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Term
| Attributes are connected by what? |
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Definition
| defining "keys" or attributes that uniquely identify an attribute |
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Term
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Definition
| a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table |
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Definition
| a primary key of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables |
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Definition
| The connection of one or more attributes in one table to an attribute in another table |
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Term
| relational database model |
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Definition
| structured collection of records or data, in a computer system, where individual tables of like data have relationships with other tables of like data and can be used to access information to make decisions using data from multiple tables (entities, attributes and relationships) |
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Term
| Strengths of Relational Model |
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Definition
1. Flexibility in ad-hoc reporting
2. Power to combine info from different sources
3. Simplicity of design
4. Ability to add new data without disturbing existing programs |
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Term
| Weakness of Relational Model |
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Definition
| Not as efficient as other two database models - slower to process due to the steps involved |
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Term
| Why are data driven storage systems important to our use of computers and internet today? |
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Definition
1. development
2. content management
3. future expandability
4. minimizing human error
5. cutting production and update costs
6. more efficient
7. improved stability |
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Term
| Database management systems |
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Definition
| (DBMS) software through which users and application programs interact with a database |
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Term
| Four components of a DBMS |
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Definition
| Data definition, Data manipulation, Application generation, Data administration |
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Term
| Data Definition Component |
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Definition
| contains the explanation of the format of the data in the database tables. The definitions sometimes called the Data Dictionary define field lengths, decimal places etc. for data in tables and fields |
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Definition
| defines the maximum number of characters a field can contain |
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Definition
| uniquely identifies each field |
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Definition
| specifies kind of data field contains |
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Term
| Data Manipulation Component |
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Definition
| allows users to create, read, update, and delete information in a database |
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Term
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Definition
1. View-allows user to see, change, sort, and query the database content
2. Report generator-users can define report formats
3. Structured query language (SQL)-programming language used to create queries
4. Query-by-example (QBE)-users can graphically design the answers to specific questions |
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Term
| Application generation component |
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Definition
| includes tools for creating visually appealing and east-t-use applications |
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Term
| Data administration component |
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Definition
| provides tools for managing the overall database environment by providing faculties for backup, recovery, security, and performance (IT specialists primarily use these components) |
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Term
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Definition
Select: lists the columns in a table that the user wants to see.
From: identifies the tables from which the columns will be selected.
Includes conditions for selecting specific rows within a table and conditions for joining multiple tables |
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Definition
| used primarily to add, delete, change and review data from a table or query |
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Definition
| creates a list of all items in a table or query as selected |
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Definition
| can complete a basic report from a Table or Query by selecting an object first |
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Term
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Definition
| an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database |
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Term
| Structured query language |
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Definition
| (SQL) programming language used to create queries |
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Term
| Data-driven website business advantages |
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Definition
1. development
2. content management
3. future expandability
4. minimizing human error
5. cutting production and update costs
6. more efficient
7. improved stability |
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Definition
| allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes |
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Term
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Definition
| takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes |
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Term
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Definition
| is a system intended to organize, store, and retrieve large amounts of data easily, mostly used for storing data |
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Term
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Definition
| is a database used for reporting. The data is offloaded from the operational systems for reporting, mostly to facilitate reporting and analysis. They are a repository of subject-oriented historical and current data that is organized to be accessible in a form for data mining, decision support and querying |
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Term
| Operational information systems |
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Definition
systems to help run the enterprise
(order entry, inventory, manufacturing, payroll, accounting).
Usually first to be computerized because of importance.
Totally integrated by the Enterprise, and critical data for daily operation |
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Term
| Informational information systems |
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Definition
charged with analyzing data and supporting decisions about today and the future.
Different focus and scope - knowledge based.
Support multiple areas with large amounts of operational data.
Market Planning, Engineering Planning, Financial Analysis |
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Term
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Definition
Right Information: Integrated from multiple sources and summarized from details
Right Format: flexible analysis and flexible delivery
Right Time: fast turnaround from business processes and rapid query response |
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Term
| Major benefits of a Data Warehouse are |
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Definition
1. Ability to reach data quickly - located in one place
2. Ability to reach data easily and frequently by multiple users from multiple locations (can include web browsers)
3. Data formatted in a common relational form |
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Term
| Data Warehouse requirements |
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Definition
1. Consistency-Set up in a consistent manner
2. Time Variant-Data for current and historical time periods
3. Nonvolatile-not updated once entered
4. Relational-relationships defined and adhered to |
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Term
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Definition
| Data in warehouse organized around subjects across the Enterprise. Eliminates time and functional aspects |
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Term
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Definition
| As collected, integrated into single meaning. Data is validated against sources and other data. Aggregated data collected and stored same way. |
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Term
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Definition
| Accurate at time of loading, cannot be updated, must contain common time units |
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Term
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Definition
| only data loading and access. Some data calculated before storage for summaries not found in operational data |
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Term
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Definition
1. Covers larger time horizon than transaction systems
2. Multiple databases with processed, clean data
3. Usually includes external data as well as internal
4. Optimized for queries |
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Term
| Extraction, Transformation, and Loading |
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Definition
| (ETL) a process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads the information into a Data Warehouse |
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Term
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Definition
| contains a subset of data warehouse information |
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Term
| Information cleansing or scrubbing |
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Definition
| a process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information |
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Term
| Multidimensional Analysis |
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Definition
| Databases contain information in a series of two-dimensional tables. In a data warehouse and data mart, information is multidimensional, it contains layers of columns and rows |
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Term
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Definition
| common term for the representation of multidimensional information |
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Term
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Definition
Analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone.
To perform data mining users need data-mining tools.
Data-mining tools helps users uncover BI |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands |
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Term
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Definition
| measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction |
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Term
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Definition
which is the duplication of information or storing the same information in multiple places.
Inconsistency is one of the primary problems with redundant information |
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Term
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Definition
| measures the quality of information |
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Term
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Definition
| rules that help ensure the quality of information |
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Term
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Definition
| provides authentication of the user |
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Definition
| determines who has access to the different types of information |
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Definition
| determines types of user access, such as read-only access |
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Term
| Four sources of low quality information |
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Definition
1. customers intentionally enter inaccurate information to protect their privacy
2. Different entry standards and formats
3. Operators enter abbreviated or erroneous information by accident or to save time
4. Third party and external information contains inconsistencies, inaccuracies, and errors |
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Term
| Potential business effects resulting from low quality information include what? |
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Definition
1. difficulty identifying valuable customers
2. inability to identify selling opportunities
3. marketing to nonexistent customers
4. difficulty tracking revenue
5. inability to build strong customer relationships
6. inability to understand competitors moves |
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Term
| Data-Driven Website Business Advantages |
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Definition
| Development, content management, future expandability, minimizing human error, cutting production and update costs, more efficient, improved stability |
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Term
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Definition
| is a database that is under the control of a central database management system (DBMS) in which storage devices are not all attached to a common CPU |
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Term
| What is Microsoft Access used for? |
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Definition
| creates queries that help retrieve records and information |
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