Term
Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4
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Definition
| class: Silicates luster: Vitreous Colour: olive green Fracture: Conchoidal Hardness: 6.5 Specific gravity: 3.2 |
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Term
Pyroxene (Na,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Al)(Al,Si)2O6
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Definition
| class:Complex Silicate luster:Vitreous Colour: Dark colours Cleavage(s): 2 Good cleavages at 90 deg fracture: uneven Hardness: 5-7 Specific gravity: 3.15-3.5 |
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Term
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Definition
| Class: Carbonate Colour: Colourless,, white, light coloured grey Luster: vitreous crystal, dull massive forms Streak: White Cleavage:3 Perfect Hardness: 2.5-3 Specific gravity: 2.7 Effervesces with dilute acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Colour:Yellow Luster: Resinous crystal, earthy massive form Streak: Yellow Cleavage: 2 Poor Cleavage Hardness:2.0-2.5 Specific gravity:2.0-2.1 |
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Term
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Definition
| Class: Silicate Colour: Clear, white, impurities cause different colours Cleavage: No cleavage i exhibited Hardness:7 Specific gravity:2.6-2.65 Luster:Vitreous crystal, dull and waxy massive form Streak:White |
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Term
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Definition
| Class: Colour:pale brassy yellow, tarnish to darker hues Cleavage:None. conchoidal fracture Hardness:6-6.5 Specific gravity: 5+ Luster:Metallic, opaque Streak: Greenish or brownish black |
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Term
potassium feldspar KAlSi3O8
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Definition
| Class: Silicate Colour: Off-white of shades of red, orange and brown, occasionally green Cleavage: 1 Perfect, 1 Good at 90 deg Hardness: 6 Specific gravity: 2.5 Luster: Vitreous to porcelaneous crystals Streak: White |
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Term
Muscovite KAl3Si3O10(Oh,F)2
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Definition
| Class: Sheet Silicate Colour: Colourless, white, silver, yellow, brown Cleavage: Single perfect cleavage to produce thin sheets or flakes Hardness: 2-2.5 Specific gravity: 2.8-3 Luster: Vitreous to pearly Streak: White |
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Term
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Definition
| Class: Oxide Colour: Black Cleavage: None, brittle Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Specific gravity: 5.2 Luster: Metallic to dull, opaque Streak: Black Other properties: Magnetic |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Oxide
Colour: Black to silver grey, in earthy form red to brown
Cleavage: none
Hardness: 5-6, earthy var. (<2)
Specific gravity: 5.3
Luster: Splendid metallic to dull earthy
Streak: Red brown to rusty red |
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Term
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Definition
| Class: Halides Colour: clear to white, impurities give halite red to orange hues.. Cleavage: # perfect at 90 deg creates cubes Hardness: 2.5 Specific gravity: 2.1-2.6 Luster: Vitreous crystals and dull massive form Streak: |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Sulphates - Anhydrite
Colour: White, colourless, grey in massive form, crystals are clear
Cleavage: 1 good, 2 poor
Hardness: 2
Specific gravity: 2
Luster: 2.3
Streak: White |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Native element
Colour: Black, opaque
Cleavage: Perfect cleavage forms flexiable sheets
Hardness: 1-2
Specific gravity: 2.2
Luster: Metallic to dull
Streak: Black |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Silicates - Garnet group
Colour: Dark red - reddish brown, red-violet, brown, black, emerald green, white
Cleavage: None
Hardness: 6.5-7.5
Specific gravity:3.6-4.3
Luster: Vitreous to resin like, transparent - translucent
Streak: white (pale shade sample's colour) |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Sulphides
Colour: Lead grey
Cleavage: 3 Perfect, forms cubes; brittle nature
Hardness: 2.5
Specific gravity: 7.4-7.6
Luster: Metallic, opaque
Streak: Lead grey |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Halides
Colour: transparent when pure, varies with impurities, common variety is violet, can also be yellow, green, white, blue, grey, black and etc.
Cleavage: 4 perfect, creates octahedrons, brittle
Hardness: 4
Specific gravity: 3.0-3.3
Luster: Vitreous crystals
Streak: White |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Carbonate Minerals
Colour: Colourless, white, grey or pink. if iron impurities present, it can be red, brown, or black. massive form is typically buff, grey or white.
Cleavage: 3 perfect, rhombohedra
Hardness: 3.5-4
Specific gravity: 2.85-(3 iron rich smaples)
Luster: Vitreous to pearly crystal, dull massive form
Streak: White
other Properties: Effervesces weakly with heated dilute acid. At room temp is dolomite is crushed into fine powder to increase its surface area. |
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Term
Chalcopyrite CuFeS2
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Definition
| Class: Sulphides Colour: Brass yellow, often with an iridescent tarnish that may give it a green, blue, or purple cast. Cleavage: Poor Hardness: 3.5-4, brittle Specific gravity: 4.1-4.3 Luster: Metallic, opaque Streak: Greenish black to black |
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Term
| Biotite K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 |
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Definition
Class: Mica group of sheet silicates
Colour: Brown to black
Cleavage: perfect, produces thin flexible sheets or flakes
Hardness: 2.5-3
Specific gravity: 2.8-3.4
Luster: Pearly to sub-metallic, translucent crystals occur as thin flake or thicker books of sheets
Streak: White to grey |
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Term
| Amphibole NaCa2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(Al,Si)8O22(OH)2 |
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Definition
Class: Amphibole groups of silicates
Colour: dark green, dark brown, black
Cleavage: 2 at 56 and 124 deg, uneven fracture
Hardness: 5-6
Specific gravity: 3.0-3.4
Luster: vitreous to dull, opaque
Streak: White to grey |
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