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Minerals
Identification, properties and types of minerals
23
Science
8th Grade
11/03/2011

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Cards

Term
What are the four characteristics of all minerals?
Definition
1. are Solid

2. are Nonliving

3. are Found in nature

4. have a definite crystalline structure
Term
What group of minerals makes up 90% of Earth's crust?
Definition
Silicates
Term
A mineral that contains sulfur combined with another element is in which mineral class?
Definition
Sulfides
Term
A mineral that contains a combination of carbon and oxygen are called
Definition
Carbonates
Term
Minerals that are made of only one element are called ________.
Definition
Native Elements
Term
What is the Mohs' scale used to measure?
Definition
Hardness
Term
If a mineral is shiny, it is considered to have a metallic _______.
Definition
Luster
Term
What is the color of a mineral in its powdered form?
Definition
Streak
Term
What is a better way to identify a mineral by --- Color or Streak? Why?
Definition
Streak, because the color of a mineral can be affected by impurities, exposure to air, and/or exposure to water.
Term
What is the formula for calculating density?
Definition
Density = Mass/Volume
Term
A mineral that breaks along smooth, flat surfaces exhibits ______.
Definition
Cleavage
Term
A mineral that breaks along irregular, curved surfaces is said to exhibit _________.
Definition
Fracture
Term
Fluorescence and magnetism are two kinds of __________, which means they are specific to only a few minerals.
Definition
Special Properties
Term
A mineral that contains sulfur and oxygen combined with another element is in which mineral class?
Definition
Sulfates

The -ates is the correct suffix because sulfur is combined with oxygen and another element.
Term
The appearance of a mineral that can vary according to the impurities in that mineral as well as other factors is its ____________
Definition
Color
Term
The two major groups of minerals are
Definition
Silicate and Nonsilicate minerals
Term
A carbonate mineral must contain what two elements?
Definition
Carbon and oxygen
Term
This is determined by the arrangement of the atoms in a mineral...
Definition
Crystal shape
Term
This mineral is the building block of many rocks
Definition
Quartz
Term
What changes the color of a mineral
Definition
air, water, and impurities
Term
The ratio of a minerals density to the density of water is called
Definition
Specific Gravity
Term
What would the specific gravity of a mineral that has a density of 8g/ml be?
Definition
8g/ml
Term
If I have two samples of pyrite one is small and one is much larger. Does the density change from sample to sample?
Definition
NO!
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