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MINERALS
Vocabulary for Chapter 2
21
Science
8th Grade
09/21/2011

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Term
MINERAL
Definition
A NATURALLY OCCURRING, INORGANIC SOLID THAT HAS A CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND A DEFINITE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION.
Term
INORGANIC
Definition
NOT FORMED FROM LIVING THINGS OR THE REMAINS OF LIVING THINGS.
Term
CRYSTAL
Definition
A SOLID IN WHICH THE ATOMS ARE ARRANGED IN A PATTERN THAT REPEATS AGAIN AND AGAIN.
Term
ELEMENT
Definition
A SUBSTANCE COMPOSED OF A SINGLE KIND OF ATOM.
Term
COMPOUND
Definition
A SUBSTANCE IN WHICH TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS ARE CHEMICALLY COMBINED.
Term
MIXTURE
Definition
TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES THAT ARE MIXED TOGETHER BUT NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED.
Term
MOHS HARDNESS SCALE
Definition
A SCALE RANKING TEN MINERALS FROM SOFTEST TO HARDEST; USED IN TESTING THE HARDNESS OF MINERALS.
Term
STREAK
Definition
THE COLOR OF A MINERAL'S POWDER.
Term
LUSTER
Definition
THE WAY A MINERAL REFLECTS LIGHT FROM ITS SURFACE.
Term
DENSITY
Definition
THE AMOUNT OF MASS IN A GIVEN SPACE; MASS PER UNIT VOLUME (M/V)
Term
CLEAVAGE
Definition
A MINERAL'S ABILITY TO SPLIT EASILY ALONG FLAT SURFACES.
Term
FRACTURE
Definition
THE WAY A MINERAL LOOKS WHEN IT BREAKS APART IN AN IRREGULAR WAY.
Term
FLUORESCENCE
Definition
THE PROPERTY OF A MINERAL IN WHICH THE MINERAL GLOWS UNDER ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT.
Term
MAGMA
Definition
THE MOLTEN MIXTURE OF ROCK-FORMING SUBSTANCES, GASES, AND WATER THAT MAKES UP PART OF EARTH'S MANTLE.
Term
LAVA
Definition
MAGMA THAT REACHES THE SURFACE; ALSO THE ROCK FORMED WHEN THE LIQUID HARDENS.
Term
SOLUTION
Definition
A MIXTURE IN WHICH ONE SUBSTANCE IS DISSOLVED IN ANOTHER.
Term
VEIN
Definition
A NARROW SLAB OF A MINERAL THAT IS SHARPLY DIFFERENT FROM THE SURROUNDING ROCK.
Term
GEMSTONE
Definition
A HARD, COLORFUL MINERAL THAT HAS A BRILLIANT OR GLASSY LUSTER.
Term
ORE
Definition
ROCK THAT CONTAINS A METAL OR ECONOMICALLY USEFUL MINERAL.
Term
SMELTING
Definition
THE PROCESS BY WHICH ORE IS MELTED TO SEPARATE THE USEFUL METAL FROM OTHER ELEMENTS.
Term
ALLOY
Definition
A SOLID MIXTURE OF TWO OR MORE METALS.
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