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Definition
| A naturally ocurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. |
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| When a substance is formed by processes in the natural world. Required to be classified as a mineral. |
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| This word means that a mineral cannot form from materials that were once part of a living thing. |
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| When particles are packed together very tightly, so they cannot move, this is called a ________. |
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| A repeating pattern of a minerals' particles that forms a solid makes a _________. |
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| This mineral has flat sides, called faces, that meet sharp edges and corners. |
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| This mineral lacks crystal structure |
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| Definite Chemical Composition |
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| Means that a mineral always contains certain elements in definite proportions. |
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| # of minerals geoologists have identified. |
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| Characteristic Properties |
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Definition
| What identifies common minerals around us. |
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| 5 required characteristics of a mineral |
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Definition
1. naturally occurring, 2. inorganic, 3. solid,
4. crystal structure, 5. definite chemical composition |
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Definition
What are these called?
color, streak, luster, density, hardness |
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| Mineral property easily observed. used to identify only a few minerals that always have their own unique characteristic color. |
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| the color of a mineral's powder, you observe this by rubbing a mineral against a piece of unglazed porcelain tile. |
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Definition
| How light is reflected from a mineral's surface. Metallic, glassy, waxy, dull, milky and earthy are some terms used. |
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Definition
| The mass of a mineral. Density = Mass divided by volume! |
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| How the hardness of a mineral is measured? |
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Definition
| Mohs hardness scale ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest. |
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Term
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Definition
| softest = talc, hardest = diamond |
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Term
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Definition
| These are groups based on number and angle of crystal faces. These groups are called __________ |
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Definition
| A mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces has this property |
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Definition
| A mineral that breaks apart in an irregular way. |
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Definition
| All crystals of the same mineral have the same crystal structure and it's own characteristic properties. Whatis this called? |
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Definition
| These include florescence, magnetism, radioactivity, and reaction to acids. What are these? |
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Definition
| A round hollow rock often lined with mineral crystals. |
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Definition
| What is the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure? |
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| 2 ways minerals can form: |
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Definition
| 1. crystallization of molten material or 2. crystallization of materials dissolved in water. - what occurs with either of these? |
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Term
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Definition
| Molten material from inside the earth that hardens to form rock. |
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Definition
| Magma that reaches the surface. forms rocks when it cools and hardens. |
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Definition
| Form as hot magma cools inside the earth, or as lava hardens on the surface. when these liquids cool & harden, they form crystals. |
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Term
| The size of crystals are determined by... |
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Definition
| What does this determine? The rate at which magma cools. |
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| What size of crystals does magma make and why? |
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Definition
| small, it cools much faster on the surface than lava deep in the ground. |
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Term
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Definition
| A mixture in which a substance is dissolved in another. |
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Term
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Definition
| when elements and compounds that are dissolved in water, leave a solution - this can occur. |
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Definition
When this happens, minerals can occur.
Salt solutions are left behind, creating gypsum and calcite. |
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Term
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Definition
| When magma heats water and when it cools, it leaves a solution and crystallize as materials. This can also create vein. What is this called? |
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Definition
| A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is different from the surrounding rock. |
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Definition
pure metal that can crystallize in veins
from hot water solutions. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of mineral that can be formed by the evaporation of a mineral solution. |
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Term
| 2 ways minerals can form from a solution |
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Definition
| Evaporation and hot water solutions. |
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Term
| 2 placed minerals can form and how |
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Definition
| #1 on the surface through evaporation of solutions containing dissolved materials. #2 beneath the surface when dissolved elements and compouds leave a hot water solution or when magma cools and hardens. |
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Definition
| a hard colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster. Rare. |
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Definition
| A Mineral not as hard as gemstones, useful because can be stretched into wire. sources include aluminum, iron, copper and silver. |
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Term
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Definition
| talc (powder), calcilte (microscopes), quarts (glass and watches), gypsum (cement) |
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Definition
| When you mine the rock, removing rock from the ground & extracting metal. |
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Definition
| A rock that contains a metal or other useful mineral that can be mined and sold at a profit. |
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Definition
| When you search for an ore deposit (all metal minerals and many others are underground). |
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Definition
| When geologiests observe rocks on land surface and study maps of rocks to determine location of minerals. |
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Definition
| strip mines, open pit mines, and shaft mines. |
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Definition
| When earthmoving equipment scrapes the soil looking for minerals. |
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Definition
| When giant earthmoving equipment dig a tremendous pit and remove ore deposits. |
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Definition
| When giant earthmoving equipment dig tremendous pit and remove ore deposits. |
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Definition
| When miners remove ore deposits that occur in veins. |
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Definition
Fact: Ores must be processed before the
metals can be used.
Question: When an ore is mixed with other substances then melted to separate the useful metal, it is called... |
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Term
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Definition
| What is it called when you apply additional processes to remove impurities from metal? |
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