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Minerals
properties and formation
41
Science
7th Grade
11/14/2007

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Cards

Term
What is a mineral?
Definition
a mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal sructure and a definite chemical composition
Term
Naturally Occurring
Definition
to be classified as a mineral a substance must occur naturally
Term
Inorganic
Definition
the mineral cannot arise from materials that were once part of a living thing
Term
solid
Definition

a mineral is always a solid with a

definite volume and shape

Term
crystal structure
Definition
the repeating pattern of a mineral's aprticles forms a solid called...a crystal
Term
element
Definition
a substance composed of a single kind of atom
Term
compound
Definition
two or more elements are combined so that the elements no longer have distinct properties
Term

properties used to identify minerals

Definition

- hardness

- color

- streak

- luster

- density

 

Term
hardness
Definition

a mineral can scratch any mineral softer than itself, but will be scratched by any mineral that is harder

Term
Mohs hardness scale
Definition
in  1812 Friedrich Mihs invented a test to describe and compare the hardness of minerals...this scale ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest
Term
gemstones
Definition
hard, colorful mineral
Term
Cleavage
Definition
flat surface where mineral tends to break
Term
fracture
Definition
crack or break in something
Term
ore
Definition
rock that contains a metal
Term
alloy
Definition
mixture of 2 or more metals
Term
smelting
Definition
when ore is melted
Term
solution
Definition

a mixture of 2 substances

 

ex. chocolate syrup and milk

Term
Characteristics of Minerals are:
Definition
1. in nature,not made by man
Term
Characteristics of Minerals are:
Definition
2. not from a living thing
Term
Characteristics of Minerals are:
Definition
3.solid
Term
Characteristics of Minerals are:
Definition
#4Have a crystal structure
Term
Characteristics of Minerals are:
Definition
35 have a chemical composition
Term
List how to identify minerals
Definition

1.hardness

2.color

3.streak

4.luster

5.density

6.crystal systems

7.cleavage and fracture

8.special properties

Term
Know the following minerals from the Mohs Hardness Scale
Definition

1. Talc-softest

2.Diamond-hardest

Term
Know the types of Luster
Definition

1. metallic

2. non-metalic

Term
Types of Mines
Definition

1.strip mines

2.open pit mines

3.shaft mines

Term
Minerals
Definition
a solid not made by plants or animals
Term
Crystal
Definition
sample of a mineral
Term
Element
Definition
form of matter that is made up of only one kind of atom
Term
Compound
Definition
matter made up of 2 or more elements
Term
Cleavage
Definition
flat surface where mineral tends to break
Term
Fracture
Definition
crack or break in something
Term
Gemstones
Definition
hard, colorful mineral
Term
Ore
Definition
rock that contails metal
Term
Alloy
Definition
mixture of 2 or more metals
Term
Smelting
Definition
when ore is melted
Term
Solution
Definition
a mixture of 2 substances Ex:chocolate syrup and milk
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