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Definition
| a natural, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and a characteristic internal structure
eg. quartz |
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| a solid composed of minerals, fragment or piece of stone |
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Definition
| rock formed from compressed or cemented deposits of sediment |
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Definition
| preexisting rock, carried by wind, rain, etc., can be conglomerate pieces (smooth pieces) or breccia (rough pieces) eg. sandstone, shale |
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Definition
| minerals precipitate from water eg. limestone |
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| contain materials generated by living organisms eg. coal |
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| rock formed from cooled and hardened magma or lava |
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Definition
| cools on Earth's surface eg. obsidian, basalt |
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Definition
| forms from magma that cools while trapped between Earth's surface eg. granite |
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| rock formed from other rocks as a result of heat, pressure, or chemical |
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| has parallel bands/layers eg. slate |
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| has no bands/layers eg. quartzite |
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Definition
| sequence of events in which rocks are weathered, melted, altered, or formed |
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| has a grainy, course texture |
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Definition
| shine, light reflected off the surface of a mineral |
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| characteristic appearance/feel of rock's surface |
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Definition
| has ability to bend bend light waves |
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| Principle of Superposition |
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Definition
| assuming no change in the position of the rock layers, the oldest will be on the bottom, and the youngest will be on top
gives the RELATIVE age of rock |
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Definition
| a process for determining the age of an object by measuring the amount of a given radioactive material it contains gives EXACT/ABSOLUTE age of rock |
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Definition
| change in physical form or chemical composition of rock exposed to Earth's surface |
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| breaks rocks into smaller pieces but does not alter the rocks' chemical composition |
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Definition
| breaks down rock by changing its chemical composition |
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| precipitation that has an usually high concentration of sulfuric or nitric acids resulting from chemical pollution in the air |
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Definition
| the process by which rock and/or the products of weathering are removed |
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Definition
| process in which sediment is laid down |
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