Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
make observations,
ask questions,
form a hypothesis,
make predictions,
test predictions
analyze and interpret result
present/publish results |
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Term
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Definition
| if hypothesis survives repeated testing over time it may be incorporated into a theory |
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Definition
solid,
naturally occurring,
inorganic,
ordered internal structure,
definite chemical composition |
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Definition
| to better understand the earths past and future |
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Term
| method of multiple working hypothesis |
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Definition
| proposing and testing multiple, sometimes competing, hypotheses |
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Term
| Are controlled experiments possible? |
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Definition
| not often because there are too many variables, time, and ethics |
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Definition
| yes because it fits all criteria |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| How many minerals have been discovered? |
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Definition
| 4000 but only 12 are abundant |
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| Composition of earths crust |
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Definition
Outer core- Iron, some nitrogen, liquid;
Inner Core - Solid mostly Iron;
Mantle - Iron And Magnesium, Silicon and Oxygen;
Crust - Oxygen Silicon Aluminum Iron |
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Definition
| energy waves that travel through earth |
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| What mineral makes up 90% of earths rocks? |
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Definition
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| Silicone is made up of what structure? |
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Definition
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Definition
| not bound to conductor - example olivine - used for gem stones bricks molds casts |
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Term
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Definition
| Tetrahedron bond together sharing an oxygen. They share 2 out of every 4 oxygen. example - augite |
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Term
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Definition
| two sets of single chains share an oxygen. Amphibole or hornblende asbestos (several minerals) |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as phyllosilicates. leaf like, break apart in sheets. the bond per sheet is strong but the bond holding them together is weak. mica (biotite and Muscovite)- used for heat insulation, drywall, and sheet wall. Kaolanite and talc - used for ceramics porcelain toothpaste paper paints and talc is used for face powder |
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Term
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Definition
feldspar - porcelain ceramics and glass,
plagioclase - white
potassium - green pink and white
quartz - only made of silicate tetrahedra - glass paints precision instruments |
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Term
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Definition
one silicon to one oxygen - 25% for isolated terahedra
only 1/4 is silica poor
one silica and 3 oxygen - 33% single chain is average
one silicon to two oxygen - 50%
this is quartz. Silicon rich |
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| the purest quartz in the world was made where? |
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Definition
| spruce pine - 10k a ton! used for semi-conductor manufacturing |
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Term
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Definition
carbonate,
evaporates,
oxides,
sulfides,
native elements |
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Term
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Definition
calcite - reacts greatly to acid,
dolomite - reacts slightly to acid,
- uses are cements and antacids |
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Term
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Definition
halite - table salt,
gypsum - drywall |
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Definition
magnitite
hemitite
geothite |
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Definition
pyrite - "fools gold",
galena,
copper sulfide |
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Term
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Definition
diamonds,
copper,
gold,
silver |
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Term
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Definition
solid,
naturally occurring,
cohesive aggregate of minerals |
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Definition
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Definition
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| What are the 3 major classes of rocks? |
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Definition
igneous,
sedimentary,
metamorphic |
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Term
| What are the 3 major classes of rocks? |
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Definition
igneous,
sedimentary,
metamorphic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is a sedimentary rock? |
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Definition
| Lithification of sediments. |
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| What is a metamorphic rock? |
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Definition
| Recrystallization under pressure and/or heat. |
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| What is a metamorphic rock? |
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Definition
| Recrystallization under pressure and/or heat. |
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Term
| What is the black sand in Hawaii made up of? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. change in pressure,
2. change in composition or water content,
3. heat generation |
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| What is the black sand in Hawaii made up of? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. magma reaches surface and cools,
2. magma cools beneath the surface |
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| What does crystal size depend on? |
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Definition
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Definition
| "visible" crystal, large crystals |
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Definition
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| What are 2 types of igneous textures? |
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Definition
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| What minerals have higher crystallization and higher melting points? |
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Definition
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Term
| What minerals have lower crystallization and lower melting points? |
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Definition
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