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Milady's Standard Cosmetology
final exam
120
Cosmetology
Professional
09/23/2012

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Cards

Term
Cathode
Definition
negative electrode
Term
cation
Definition
an ion with a positive electrical charge
Term
Egyptians
Definition
first to cultivate beauty in an extravagant fashion.
Term
Queen Cleopatra
Definition
took dedication to beauty to new level, erected cosmetic factory next to dead sea
Term
Roman Noblewomen
Definition
wore their hair red
Term
Roman middle-class women
Definition
wore their hair blonde
Term
Roman poor women
Definition
wore their hair black
Term
Middle Ages make-up
Definition
worn on the cheeks and lips, not eyes
Term
OSHA
Definition
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Term
Cocci
Definition
round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups
Term
bacilli
Definition
short rod-shaped bacteria, most common and produce tetanus, typhoid fever, TB and diptheria.
Term
spirilla
Definition
spiral or corkscrew, broken into 2 groups, trepenema papillida (causes syphilis) and borrelia burgdorferi (causes lyme disease)
Term
staphylococci
Definition
pus forming bacteria, grows in clusters, cause abscesses, pustules and boils
Term
active stage
Definition
bacteria grow and reproduce, need warm, dark, damp, dirty, and food
Term
inactive stage
Definition
spore forming stage
Term
sanitation
Definition
cleaning, removing all visible dirt and debris
Term
Anatomy
Definition
study of the structures of the human body
Term
physiology
Definition
study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures
Term
histology
Definition
study of the tiny structures in living tissue
Term
anabolism
Definition
constructive metabolism, the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones.
Term
catabolism
Definition
phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within cells into smaller ones.
Term
masseter temporalis
Definition
muscles coordinate in the opening and closing of the mouth, aka chewing muscles
Term
platysma muscle
Definition
broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder to the side of the chin, lowers the lower jaw and lip
Term
sternocleidomastoideus
Definition
muscle of the neck that lowers and rotates the head
Term
buccinator muscle
Definition
thin flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between lips
Term
reticular layer
Definition
the deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients.
Term
papillary layer
Definition
outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis
Term
basal cell layer
Definition
aka stratum germinativum, deepest layer of the epidermis
Term
melanocytes
Definition
produce dark skin pigment (melanin)
Term
stratum granulosum
Definition
granular layer, consists of cells that look like distinct granules
Term
dermis
Definition
underlying layer, inner layer, of the skin. True skin. 25 times thicker than epidermis.
Term
pappillae
Definition
small cone shaped projections of elastin tissue that point upward into epidermis
Term
pappillary layer
Definition
the outer layer of the dermis
Term
epidermal-dermal junction
Definition
top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis
Term
reticular layer
Definition
deeper layer of dermis
Term
adipose
Definition
fat tissue
Term
vitamin A
Definition
supports overall health of skin
Term
Vitamin C
Definition
supports proper repair of the skin
Term
vitamin D
Definition
promotes healthy and rapid healing of skin.
Term
trichology
Definition
study of the hair, it's care and diseases
Term
follicle
Definition
tube like depression/pocket in the skin or scalp that contains hair root
Term
hair bulb
Definition
lowest part of the hair strand
Term
dermal papilla
Definition
cone shaped area located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb
Term
hair shaft
Definition
cuticle, medulla and cortex
Term
disulfide bond
Definition
chemical side bond
Term
polypeptide chain
Definition
made up of hydrogen, salt and disulfide side bonds
Term
anagen
Definition
growth phase of hair
Term
catagen
Definition
transition phase of hair
Term
terminal hair
Definition
hair on scalp, legs, arms and bodies
Term
telogen
Definition
resting phase of hair
Term
finasteride
Definition
oral medicine for men to treat hair loss
Term
canaties
Definition
technical term for gray hair
Term
trichoptilosis
Definition
split ends
Term
trichorrhexis nodosa
Definition
knotted hair, characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the shaft
Term
monilethrix
Definition
beaded hair, treatment is hair and scalp conditioning
Term
tinea capitis
Definition
fungal infection, red papules at the opening of hair follicles.
Term
pediculosis capitis
Definition
head lice
Term
furnacle
Definition
aka boil, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that causes constant pain
Term
compounds
Definition
chemical combo of two or more atoms of different elements
Term
element
Definition
simplest form of matter and can't be broken down to simpler substance w/out loss of identity
Term
atoms
Definition
particles of which all matter is composed
Term
alkanolamines
Definition
substances used to neutralize acids or raise pH of hair products
Term
oxidizing agent
Definition
substance that releases oxygen
Term
insulator
Definition
aka non conductor, substance that does not easily transmit electricity
Term
volt
Definition
aka voltage, unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor
Term
amp
Definition
aka ampere, unit that measures the amount of an electric current
Term
ohm
Definition
unit that measures the resistance of an electric current
Term
polarity
Definition
indicates the negative or positive pole of an electric current
Term
electrode
Definition
applicator for directing the electric current from the machine to the client's skin
Term
cataphoresis
Definition
forces acidic substances into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive to the negative pole
Term
visible light
Definition
makes up 35% of natural sunlight
Term
UV Rays
Definition
make up 5% of natural sunlight, also called cold rays or actinic rays
Term
convex profile
Definition
receding forehead and chin, style close to head at nape and move hair forward in chin area
Term
concave profile
Definition
prominent forehead and chin, softly style at nape with upward movement
Term
diagonal parts
Definition
used to create the illusion of width or height in a hairstyle
Term
reference points
Definition
mark where the surface of the head changes
Term
open center curls
Definition
even, smooth waves and uniform curls
Term
shaping
Definition
section of hair that is molded in a circular movement in preparation for the formation of curls
Term
square base pin curls
Definition
curly hairstyles without much volume or lift
Term
human hair
Definition
burns slowly, distinctive odor
Term
synthetic hair
Definition
burns quickly, no odor
Term
polypeptide chains
Definition
chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
Term
keratin proteins
Definition
made of long, coiled, polypeptide chains, which are comprised of amino acids
Term
reduction reaction
Definition
either the addition of hydrogen or the removal of oxygen
Term
thioglycolic acid
Definition
most common reducing agent
Term
alkaline waves
Definition
first developed in 1941, also called cold waves, pH usually 9.0 to 9.6.
Term
telangiectasias
Definition
dilated capillaries
Term
bulla
Definition
blister containing water fluid
Term
cyst
Definition
closed, abnormally developed sac contains fluid, pus, semifluid or morbid matter. Above or below the skin
Term
macule
Definition
spot or discoloration, ie freckle
Term
tubercle
Definition
rounded, solid lump above, within or under skin, larger than a papule
Term
asteatosis
Definition
dry, scaly skin duet to absence of sebum, caused by old age and exposure to cold
Term
steatoma
Definition
sebaceous cyst or fatty tumor
Term
eczema
Definition
inflammatory, painful itching disease, dry or moist lesions
Term
psoriasis
Definition
skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver white scales
Term
chloasma
Definition
increased pigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated. ie: liver spots
Term
lentigines
Definition
freckles
Term
vitiligo
Definition
milky white spots of the skin, hereditary
Term
dermatitis venetata
Definition
contact dermatitis
Term
hirsuties hypertrichosis
Definition
unusual growth of hair on normally downy parts, ie face
Term
epilator
Definition
removes hair from the bottom of the follicle
Term
gommage
Definition
mask that is rolled off after forming a crust
Term
modelage masks
Definition
contain crystals of gypsum, applied 1/4 in thick, then hardens
Term
effleurage
Definition
light, continuous stroking applied with fingers or palms in slow rhythmic manner.
Term
petrissage
Definition
kneading movement, lifting, squeezing, pressing, with light, firm pressure. Deeper stimulation, improves circulation
Term
fulling
Definition
grasped, lifted, spread out
Term
chucking
Definition
grasping the flesh and moving it up and down along the bone
Term
nail pterygium
Definition
skin is stretched by nail plate, forward growth of the cuticle
Term
onycholysis
Definition
lifting of the nail plate from the bed w/out shedding, usually starting at free edge
Term
paronychia
Definition
bacterial inflammation of the tissues around the nail, pus, thickening, brownish color
Term
onychosis
Definition
any deformity or disease of the nail
Term
onychia
Definition
inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the nail plate
Term
onychomadesis
Definition
separation and falling off of the nail plate
Term
onychomycosis
Definition
fungal infection of the nail plate
Term
formaldehyde hardeners
Definition
contain up to 5% formaldehyde
Term
nail tip
Definition
made of polymer made from ABS ( acrylonitrile butadiene styrene)
Term
monomer (liquid)
Definition
basted on ethyl methacrylate monomer
Term
equal parts liquid/powder
Definition
creates dry bead
Term
twice liquid to powder
Definition
wet bead
Term
UV lightbulbs
Definition
must be changed 2 to 3 times a year
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