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| highly organized, tiny structure with thin covering called a membrane |
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| the process by which organisms make more of their own kind from one generation to the next. |
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| the sum of all of the chemical reactions carried out in an organism |
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| The maintenence of stable internal conditions in spite of changes in the external environment |
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| Change in the inherited characteristics of species over generations |
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| Change in the inherited characteristics of species over generations |
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| smallest unit of matter that can not be broken down by chemical means |
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| pure substance made of only one kind of atom |
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| group of atoms held together by covalent bonds |
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| An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons |
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| an attraction between substances of the same kind |
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| an attraction between different substances |
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| a mixture in which one or more substances are evenly distributed in another substance |
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| compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
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| compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
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| organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in the ratio of 1:2:1 |
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| building blocks of carbohydrates |
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| nonpolar molecule that is not soluble or mostly insoluble in water |
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| usually a large molecule formed by linked smaller molecules called amino acids |
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| building block of protein |
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| a long chain of smaller molecules called nucleotides |
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| a long chain of smaller molecules called nucleotides |
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| has three parts: a sugar, base, and phosphate group |
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| consists of two strands of nucleotides that spiral around each other |
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| may consist of a single strand of nucleotides |
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| a single nucleotide with two extra energy-storing phosphate groups |
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| substance that increases the speed of chemical reactions |
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| cellular structure on which proteins are made |
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| lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids |
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| move proteins and other substances through the cell |
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| small membrane-bound sac that transports substances in cells |
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| set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serve as the packaging and distribution center of the cell, think "FedEx Kinkos of the cell" |
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| contain the cell's digestive enzymes |
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| harvests energy from organic compounds to make ATP |
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| difference in the concentration of a substance across the space |
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| the movement of a substance from an area of higher to lower concentration caused by the random motion of particles of the substance |
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| more water outside of the cell |
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| more water inside the cell |
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| equilibrium in the solution and cell |
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| transport protein with a polar pore through which ions can pass |
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| movement against concentration gradient |
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