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Glaciers
thick masses of ice orginationg on land from the compaction and recrystalization of snow that shows evidence of past or present flow |
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| Earthquake |
A vibration of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy |
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| A vibration of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy |
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| thick masses of ice orginationg on land from the compaction and recrystalization of snow that shows evidence of past or present flow |
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| Earthquake wave that pushes and pulls rocks in the direction of the wave |
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| The rigid outer layer of Earth, including the crust and upper mantle |
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| A hypothesis that origanlly proposed that the continents had once been joined to form a single supercontinent |
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A weak plastic layer of the mantle situated below the lithosphere
The solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it |
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| A boundary in which two plates move together |
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| A region where the rigid plates are moving apart, typified by the oceanic ridge |
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| A volcanic area at divergent plate boundaries |
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| A surface feature in the seafloor produced by the descending plate during subduction |
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| The point within Earth where an earthquake originates |
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| The proposed supercontinent that 200 million years ago began to break apart and form the present landmasses |
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| A seismic wave that travels along the surface of the Earth |
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| A seismic wave that shakes particles perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling |
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| A logarithmic scale of 1 to 10 used to express the energy released by an earthquake |
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| An instrument that records earthquake waves |
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| Type of rock formed from pressure, heat, or chemical change |
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| solid chemical substances found in the Earth's crust |
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| type of rock formed from either a sedimentary or igneous rock |
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| the study of all that is physical about the earth |
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| the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock |
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| a boundary in which a denseoceanic plate collides under a less dense crust |
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| rock formed from magma that has cooled and solidified |
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| the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another |
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| the natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents, such as wind, rain, and termperature changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks |
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| a theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that move |
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| Molten rock in the earth's crust |
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| Magma that has reached Earth's surface |
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| Ground water in contact with hot rocks become heated, and discharges at surface |
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| mafic rock found mainly in island volcanoes |
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| the way a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness |
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| the way light reflects off the mineral |
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| A fold in which the youngest layer is in the center of the fold. |
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| A fold in which the oldest layer is in the center of the fold. |
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| In a nonvertical fault, the rock above the fault plane. |
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| The rock below the fault plane. |
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| A fault in which the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall. |
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| A fault in which the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. |
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| A fault in which the rock on either side of the fault plane slides horizontally in response to shear stress. |
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| Volcanically active areas that lie from tectonic plate boundaries. |
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| magma that forces its way into rocks and hardens. |
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| Gives no elements to soil, primary, very resistant, arid |
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| Ca, secondary, low resistance, Arid |
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| Volume percent of VOID space |
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the process by which one rock type changes into another rock type or
the changes over time from igneous to sedimentary to metamorphic rock and back to igneous rock |
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| A geological formation or structure that stores and/or transmits water, such as to wells and springs. |
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| the top of the water surface in the saturated part of an aquifer. |
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| a type of rock containing the minerals feldspar, quartz, mica and hornblende |
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