Term
46) What conditions can effect the preservation of artifacts and human remains. What is this stage of artifact preservation called? |
|
Definition
| Weather, amount of decomposition (bugs). The stage of preserving artifacts is known as taphonomy. |
|
|
Term
48) Are children worth looking at or thinking about in the archaeological record? |
|
Definition
| Yes. By studying children we can gain insite into the larger picture and how a society works as whole. |
|
|
Term
45) Why is looking at citations a way to understand trends in publication? |
|
Definition
Gives us insite into the difference between the rate at which men cite women and women cite women. Women cite women more often. |
|
|
Term
44) How has Processualism, and then post-processualism effected Archaeology, and the archaeology of minorities? |
|
Definition
| Processualism was a one sided view of archeaology were as post-processualism views archaeology from a mulicultureal view. Minoities are more represented in post-processualist archaeology. |
|
|
Term
43) How might Indiana Jones (Pop Culture) reflect the myths AND realities of archaeology? |
|
Definition
This gave the notion that archaeologists were only in it for the gold and money not the actual history. |
|
|
Term
42) What is material culture? |
|
Definition
| Anything that we can use to manipulate the world around us. |
|
|
Term
41) How can Status be reflected through Zooarchaeology? |
|
Definition
| · In the past those that ate good food, rare foods, or a lot of protein (like cows and other livestock) were higher class and archaeologists discover this through the clues they find |
|
|
Term
| 40) Present-Past has two distinct methods, one stemming from another subfield of anthropology-describe them and give two example of each. |
|
Definition
Ethnoarchaeology-looking at modern cultures to understand the production of material culture. -population density -irrigation Experimental- when one reenacts the history to gain insite to the past. -the ice man |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Etic-culturaly neutral Emic- Culturaly specific |
|
|
Term
| 38) What three kinds of Archaeology are undertaken and why? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 37) What is the difference between Prehistoric, Ethnohistoric and historic time periods? Are they mutually exclusive? |
|
Definition
| · Prehistoric – refers to a time before writing· Ethnohistoric – a person from a different culture writing about another culture which in turn documents history example: when the Spanish invaded the gulf region and wrote about it· Historic – a culture’s collection of writings to document history· Prehistoric, ethnohistoric, and historic are not mutually exclusive because there are people who are not writing about their culture while others do write about their culture |
|
|
Term
| 36) What is the difference between Gender and Sex? Can you fill out our Reid Diagram (Past Present) using the examples of Gender studies? |
|
Definition
| - Sex is biological -Gender is a range of preferences |
|
|
Term
| 36) Name four women that have contributed to the field of Archaeology, and tell me a little bit about each. (Benedict, Mead, Leakey, Slocum, Kent, Hawes, Thompson, Garrod) |
|
Definition
| · Harriet Boyd Hawes à discovered the first minoan town site in 1900 BP· Dorothy Garrod à first female pre-historian, first female professor of any subject at Cambridge University, and she contributed greatly to the understanding of homo sapiens · Susan Kent à she investigated both ethnographic studies of the shift from nomadism to sedentism and the Middle Stone Age, investigating problems of social behavior and gender -Mary Leaky-Oldvia Gorge, Tanzania. Mayan footprints. |
|
|
Term
| 34) How does dendrochronology work? |
|
Definition
| · For the entire period of a tree's life, a year-by-year record or ring pattern is formed that reflects the climatic conditions in which the tree grew. Adequate moisture and a long growing season result in a wide ring. A drought year may result in a very narrow one. |
|
|
Term
| 33) Are Historical Documents good or bad for an archaeologist? |
|
Definition
| · Historical documents are both good and bad. They are good because we are able to learn from a first-hand account of what was going on during the time period. However, it is also bad because it is very one-sided and limits what we are able to know. |
|
|
Term
| 32) What views of children exist among the world’s populations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 33) How are minorities represented in the field of Archaeology? |
|
Definition
| Through post- processualism. |
|
|
Term
| 32) What does Singleton say about status among slaves? |
|
Definition
By looking at food eaten there was a distinct difference among the slaves that ate in the main house and those who didn't. This created status. |
|
|
Term
| 31) Give some examples of MultiVocality…can you think of others? |
|
Definition
Archaeology of slaves and children. Looking at the past from various points of view. |
|
|
Term
| 30) What happens to artifacts/remains after they are excavated? |
|
Definition
Post excavation analysis. Artifacts are: -cleaned -cataloged -compared to other collections |
|
|
Term
| 29( Describe archaeological Excavation technique. |
|
Definition
| · It is the exposure, processing and recording of archaeological remains. |
|
|
Term
| 28) Describe Archeological Field Survey technique. |
|
Definition
| Archaeological site surveying is the process of locating and initially evaluating sites in a given area |
|
|
Term
| 26) What is the difference between the “New Archaeology” and “MultiVocality”? |
|
Definition
| · “New Archaeology” à processualismo very scientific, studies dominant group· “Multivocality” à post-processualismo more point-of-view, starting from another vantage point |
|
|
Term
| 25) What is the difference between objectivity and subjectivity? |
|
Definition
Subjectivity- based on a subjects point of view. Bias Objectivity-Can be tested scientifically |
|
|
