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| sum of all chemical processes occurring in the cell |
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| organism's ability to maintain stable conditions |
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| transmission of genetic traits from parents to offspring |
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| cells come only from existing cells (one part) |
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| hollow protein fiber used for movement and support |
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| network of proteins responsible for support, movement, and shape of cell |
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| rod-shaped organelle which moves chromosomes during cell divisions |
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| sugars, store and transport energy |
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| substance that sugars are stored as |
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| lipid with no double bonds |
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| energy currency of living organisms |
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| product of anaerobic cell respiration and lactic acid fermentation |
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| energy that is transmitted in waves and can travel through vacuums |
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| molecule containing atoms that let it absorb certain wavelengths of light |
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| process where CO2 is is incorporated into organic compounds |
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| process by which one or more molecules are changed into new substances |
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| energy that is available for work |
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| starting material in chemical reaction |
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| reaction that releases free energy |
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| reaction that absorbs free energy |
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| substance that speeds up reactions without being used itself |
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| catalyst for cell reactions |
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| molecule on which enzyme acts |
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| adenine and guanine, double ring (larger) |
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| thymine and cytosine, single ring (smaller) |
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adenine = thymine
cytosine = guanine |
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| 5-carbon sugar, part of DNA |
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| type of nucleic acid, participates in protein synthesis |
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| enzyme that carries out transcription |
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| mutation where one or a few nucleotides are changed |
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| transport of substances through membrane with help of carrier substances |
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| process where large materials are enveloped by cell |
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| discharge of large materials by cell |
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| keeping the inside of the cell stable |
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| section of DNA that codes for protein/RNA |
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| | shaped structure where genes are located |
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| one part of an H shaped chromosome during division |
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| chromosomes similar in size, shape, genes |
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| chromosome not involved in determining sex |
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| enzyme that unwinds double helix |
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| exchange of reciprocal segments of DNA in the beginning of meiosis |
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| cell with two homologues of each chromosome |
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| cell with one set of each chromosome |
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| part of meiosis where number of chromosomes halves |
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| rearrangement of genetic material |
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| displaying only one form of a particular trait in offspring |
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| plants that displayed only one form of a particular trait |
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| offspring from a cross of two variables |
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| offspring from crosses of F1 generation |
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| individual with two identical copies of a gene |
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| individual with two different genes for a trait |
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| alternative form of genes |
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| observable characteristics of an organism |
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| genetic constitution of an organism, determined by set of alleles |
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| when pairs of genes separate in meiosis, each zygote receives one copy of gene |
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| law of independent assortment |
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| pairs of genes separate independently during meiosis |
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