Term
| What political event inspired neoclassical painter Jacques-Louis David? |
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Definition
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Term
| What movement is associated with Jacques-Louis David? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did the French economy change due to the Revolution? |
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Definition
| the nobles lost money and the bourgeoisie gained power; inspired neoclassical |
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Term
| 5 things that neoclassical paintings focused on |
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Definition
1. everyday life
2. theatre
3. accessible things
4. portraits
5. pleasure |
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Term
| What did neoclassical paintings reject? |
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Definition
| the beginning of the 1700's & academic paintings (said that the old academic idea of antiquity was false) |
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Term
| What discovery lead to the neoclassical rejection of academic works? |
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Definition
| the discovery of ancient civilizations near Naples |
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Term
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Definition
| writer about true Greek antiquity (German); NEOCLASSICAL |
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Term
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Definition
| writer about true Roman antiquity (German); NEOCLASSICAL |
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Term
| Who were Pannini & Mengs? |
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Definition
| painters of true antiquity; NEOCLASSICAL |
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Term
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Definition
| painter who painted in a neoclassical style but with the Rococo subject of love |
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Term
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Definition
| painted neoclassical subjects (morality, self-sacrifice, morality, courage) but not in a neoclassical style |
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Term
| Jacques-Louis David, neoclassical painter, was known for showing _____ in his portraits |
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Definition
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Term
| Jacques-Louis David, neoclassical painter, got angry when he found out that he wasn't the only painter for _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What two neoclassical artists fought over the rights to paint portraits of Juliette Recamier? |
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Definition
| Jacques-Louis David & Gerard |
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Term
| 3 values of neoclassicism |
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Definition
1. geometry
2. simplicity
3. sobriety |
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Term
| Ingres is associated with which movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 marks of Ingres' (classical painter) works |
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Definition
1. playing with forms of his subjects (weird anatomy lines)
2. playing with mirrors |
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Term
| 3 marks of a classical painting |
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Definition
1. symmetry
2. structure
3. literary/mythological subject |
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Term
| Did Ingres, classical painter, value elegance or anatomy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did classical painters portray naked colony women? |
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Definition
| at the time, it was illegal to portray French women naked |
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Term
| What would Ingres, classical painter, portray in multiple of his paintings? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why would Ingres, classical painter, paint his paintings in a circular viewing frame? |
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Definition
| to represent his eye & what he saw |
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Term
| Between David (neoclassical) & Ingres (classical), which artist preferred Roman order? Which preferred Greek harmony? |
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Definition
David = Roman order
Ingres = Greek harmony |
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Term
| Between David (neoclassical) & Ingres (classical), which artist preferred to paint portraits? Which preferred historical works? |
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Definition
David = historical
Ingres = portraits |
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Term
| What movement is Delacroix associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was romanticism a reaction to neoclassicism? |
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Definition
| thoughts that neoclassical paintings were not religious enough |
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Term
| Was romanticism concerned with antiquity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did romanticism value reality or color/movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was romanticism inspired by literary works? |
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Definition
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Term
| examples of romanticism subjects |
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Definition
| emotional, passion, love, insanity, anger, dominance, fear, war, suffering |
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Term
| What 5 things did romanticism return to as a movement? |
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Definition
1. mysticism
2. royalism
3. religion
4. nationalism
5. industrialization |
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Term
| What author inspired romantic painter Delacroix? |
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Definition
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Term
| What changed about romantic painter Delacroix due to his travels? |
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Definition
| he had a new view of colony women...they weren't always nude & could be serious |
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Term
| What did Delacroix, romantic painter, change about how people painted shadows? |
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Definition
| not 100% black...included shades of blue/violet |
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Term
| What did Delacroix, romantic painter, change about how people painted light? |
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Definition
| not 100% white...used primary colors (red/blue/yellow) |
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Term
| Did Delacroix, romantic painter, show touch marks? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 marks of Delacroix (romantic painter) |
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Definition
1. never had disorder in his works
2. structured but gave them movement |
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Term
| What personality traits described Delacroix (romantic painter) |
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Definition
| cocky, very politically conservative & didn't like being called a Revolutionary, inspiration is personal (not religious), would paint for any political party, sole love was his paintings |
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Term
| What 2 types of paintings became popular in the realism period that were previously thought of as inferior? |
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Definition
1. landscapes
2. showing real people/workers |
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Term
| Before realism, what were the only two ways that someone could portray a landscape? |
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Definition
1. people subjects
2. copy old paintings |
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Term
| How did realism view nature? |
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Definition
| painters started to believe old writings that said that you had to be in nature to paint it because it is always changing |
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Term
| Barbizon school of thought (realism) |
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Definition
| refusal of Paris; had to be in nature to paint it |
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Term
| Before realism, what was the feeling towards painting peasants? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did realism like to portray peasants? |
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Definition
| realism wanted to "elevate the people" |
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Term
| How did realism refuse classicism? |
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Definition
| didn't like how classical paintings would change reality for harmony |
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Term
| How did realism refuse romanticism? |
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Definition
| didn't like how romanticism would change reality for emotionality |
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Term
| What movement is Jean-Francois Millet associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What subject was the favorite of realism painter Jean-Francois Millet? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what way was Jean-Francois Millet not a 100% realism painter? |
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Definition
| he sometimes idealized the workers therefore was considered a little romantic |
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Term
| What movement is Daumier associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What subject was the favorite of realism painter Daumier? |
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Definition
| he liked to make paintings kind of like caricatures |
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Term
| In what way was Daumier not a 100% realism painter? |
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Definition
| he was considered somewhat of an expressionist |
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Term
| What movement is Courbet associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 favorite subjects of realism painter Courbet |
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Definition
1. portraits/self-portraits
2. real/daily lives of politicians
3. normal villages |
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Term
| Why was Courbet, realism painter, considered "rebellious"? |
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Definition
| he painted real life "scandals" such as prostitution |
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Term
| Was Courbet, realism painter, a fan of idealization? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did Courbet, realism painter, like to put symbols in his works? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did Manet, precursor to impressionism, have the support of his father in becoming an artist? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 things inspired pre-impressionist Manet? |
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Definition
1. older paintings
2. travels
3. meeting with other painters |
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Term
| Was Manet, pre-impressionist, known to paint fast & not correct his work or was he known for being a methodical painter? |
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Definition
| fast & not correct his work |
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Term
| What type of coloration did Manet, pre-impressionist, play with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What movement was inspired by Manet? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was Manet, pre-impressionist, inspired by Japanese art? |
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Definition
| he liked how they played with space & detail |
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Term
| How was Manet, pre-impressionist, inspired by photographs? |
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Definition
| he would cut off body parts that would be out-of-frame of a photograph |
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Term
| In what ways was Manet, pre-impressionist, thought of as "scandalous"? |
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Definition
| he portrayed subjects of prostitution, but he didn't understand why his was scandalous but his older inspirations weren't |
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Term
| What was Manet's, pre-impressionist, theory in painting scenes of Paris? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the life of an artist in the 1860's? |
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Definition
| you had to find a master to teach you until you could present in front of an academic jury |
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Term
| What was the difficulty about presenting in front of an academic jury in the 1860's? |
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Definition
| the jury only liked paintings that followed old rules, therefore it was very difficult to become known by being different |
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Term
| How did the Barbizon school influence impressionism? |
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Definition
| get in nature to paint it! |
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Term
| How did Courbet (realist) influence impressionism? |
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Definition
| he painted what he saw, even if it was unpopular (prostitution) |
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Term
| How did Manet (pre-impressionist) influence impressionism? |
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Definition
| paint what you see & show importance by using more/less detail |
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Term
| With what technological innovation are Niepce, Daguerre, & Nadar associated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three ways did impressionist paintings distinguish themselves from photographs? |
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Definition
1. touch marks
2. abstraction
3. color |
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Term
| 2 major groups of impressionists |
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Definition
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Term
| What 4 things characterized the Pissaro impressionists? |
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Definition
1. rural landscapes
2. traditional life in villages
3. lines
4. forms |
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Term
| What 4 artists were considered Pissaro impressionists? |
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Definition
1. Cezanne
2. Gaugin
3. Sisley
4. Guillauman |
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Term
| What 3 things characterized the Argenteuil impressionists? |
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Definition
1. Parisian scenes
2. tourism subjects
3. modernity (industrialization) |
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Term
| What 2 artists were considered Argenteuil impressionists? |
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Definition
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Term
| What theme was Monet, impressionist, known as very good at painting? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the name "impressionist" come from? |
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Definition
| Monet's painting at the impressionist exposition to fight against the academic exposition |
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Term
| What new way of painting was propagated by Monet, impressionist painter? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 main domains of impressionism |
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Definition
1. how to work with space
2. color & light
3. movement |
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Term
| Did impressionists prefer black or light? |
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Definition
| they refused black in favor of light (ex. shadows were colored as complementary from light) |
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Term
| What was the impressionist "mélange optique" technique? |
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Definition
| mixing different colors near each other to have the human eye see a different color without losing the luminosity of the original colors |
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Term
| Can you see touch marks in impressionist paintings? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did impressionists like to show movement? |
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Definition
| by cutting parts of a subject or an object off out of frame |
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Term
| What movement is associated with Monet? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two ways did Boudin inspire impressionist Monet? |
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Definition
1. paint without drawing first
2. "en plein air" |
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Term
| What three ways did Jongkind inspire impressionist Monet? |
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Definition
1. be stylistic
2. "en plein air"
3. play with diagonals |
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Term
| big themes of impressionist Monet |
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Definition
| water, light, movement, shadows, leisure, scenes de genre |
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Term
| Did impressionist Monet value the subject or the colors/light? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of painters were inspired by impressionist Monet? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Edgar Degas like about impressionists? About classical? |
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Definition
impressionism: color/light
classical: structure |
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Term
| Was Edgar Degas known for having realistic, honest portraits or for having perfectionist portraits? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did Edgar Degas value initially drawing his paintings? Did he value symmetry? |
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Definition
initially drawing: yes!
symmetry: no! |
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Term
| 4 big themes of Edgar Degas |
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Definition
1. horse racing (but not the actual race)
2. opera/dance (but not the big dance moment)
3. little scenes of Paris (real & not idealized)
4. women in bathrooms |
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Term
| What movement was Seurat associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of approach did Seurat, divisionism painter, take towards color & light? |
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Definition
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Term
| Did Seurat, divisionism painter, put a lot of preparation into his works? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did Seurat, divisionism painter, control his color fading? |
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Definition
| he used many different little dots of color |
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Term
| Did Seurat, divisionism painter, play with axes to represent emotion in his paintings? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did Seurat deal with forms in his divisionism paintings & why? |
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Definition
| he simplified forms and strictly outlined them so that way they would be retained with his little dots of color; he felt this was lacking in impressionists |
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Term
| What did symbolism refuse? What did it return to? |
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Definition
| refusal of realism to return to imagination |
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Term
| Was symbolism inspired by literary works? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the goal of symbolism? What was NOT its goal? |
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Definition
| its goal was to suggest, NOT describe |
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Term
| What movement is Fussli associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What inspired symbolism painter Fussli? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the main two French symbolists? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 main themes of Redon, symbolist |
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Definition
1. comedic
2. morbid
3. flowers |
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Term
| 3 main themes of Moreau, symbolist |
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Definition
1. erotic
2. feminine
3. colder colors |
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Term
| 2 main influences over English symbolism |
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Definition
1. mythology
2. literature |
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Term
| 3 main Belgium symbolists |
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Definition
1. Khnopff
2. Rops
3. Ensor |
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Term
| main theme for symbolist Khnopff |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 main themes for symbolist Rops |
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Definition
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Term
| main theme for symbolist Ensor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| main theme for symbolist Bocklin |
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Definition
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Term
| main theme for symbolist Much |
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Definition
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Term
| main symbolist in Austria |
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Definition
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Term
| main theme for symbolist Klimt |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Baroque/"manniere couillard"
2. impressionist
3. "maturite classique"
4. "vieillese lyrique" |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Cezanne's least favorite theme |
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Definition
| nude people because he never used nude models |
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Term
| How was Cezanne like the impressionists? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was Cezanne unlike the impressionists? |
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Definition
| he took a ton of time with his work |
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Term
| How was Cezanne like the classical painters? |
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Definition
| search for harmony & lack of improvisation |
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Term
| What united Cezanne's paintings? |
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Definition
| lighting everywhere & repetition of the same shade of a color |
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