Tempera Panel painting - used tempuras (mix of powdered pigments, water & egg yolk - harden when dries) on wood panels

Frescoes - colors mixed with blinding substance soluble in water

-Attempts to indicate depth

-Overlap figures

-Observation of nature & use of landscapes

-Emphasis on narrative rather than symbols (Byzantine)

- Structure of human body

Light & shade resulting in a roundness of form

-Facial expressions - convey emotions

-Halos (byzantine)

-Hierarchy(byzantine)

Punch work on gold leaf halos done with tooled designs

-Elongated flat figures

-Frontally posed figures

-Large staring eyes

-Hierarchy

-Use of halo

-Serious expressions

-Gold backgrounds

The Madonna Enthroned

Giotto vs. Cimabue

- Symmetry and order

- Use of classical orders

- Use of decorative motifs from ancient Greece and Rome

- Use of architechtural elements from ancient Greece & Rome - such as pediments and balustrade.

- Serene Feeling

- Coin

- Pilasters or engaged columns

- Rustification

- Rounded arches

- Coffered, flat, and barrel vaulted celings

- Dome

- Pediments & ellipses placed abone windows & doors

- Arcades

- Cornices - crowned the tops of building

- The existence of classical architechture

- Greek scholars and craftsmen immigrated to Italy (because of Fall of Constantinople in 1453)

- establishment of "Platonic Academy" - revived ideas of Ancient Greek of philosopher Plato

Bernini

(I think)

1. Entrance of the house should be "ellaborate" - so visiotrs can entertain themselves when they are waiting for the master of the house.

2. Living room should face north to protect art from direct sunlight.

3. Library (of the house) should face east

True or False:

Triangular compositions were typical of High Renaissance.

True or False:

Mona Lisa and Ann Mary & Child are good examples of Triangular (pyramid compositions).

- Muscle figures

- Tension

- Emotion

- Contrapposto position (weight on body, one leg bent, etc.)

- Intense expressions

- Elongated & exaggerated bodies in complex, twisted positions

- Dreamy expressions

- Compressed spaces

- Jarring colors ( ex. gray colors, splash gold & bold red)

- Classical proportion - rejected odd juxtaposition of space & scale

- Settings are not specific

- Ambiguous perspective

- Symmetry, harmony, and order

- Use of linear prospective

- Aerial perspective

- Correct representation of anatomy

- Use of Chiaroscuro (illusion of depths/3-D)

- No heirarchy

- Landscape and architechtural design

- Triangular/Pyramid composition

- Calm & Balance composition

- Foreshortening - lines shorter to display depth (distance)

- Idealization on human figures

- Correct Contrapposto

- Drapery moves with bodies

- Muscle figures

- No longer dependent of architechture

- FIgure could be removed and be alone.

- Action & dynamic compositino

- 3-D

- Lessening of Relief (Sculptural Aerial Perspective - one moves into distance)

- Linear perspective

- Figures correctly sized to setting

- Correct use of scale in relief sculpture

- Bone structure revealed beaneath skin

- Eyes look directly at the viewer

- No Flattery portrayed

- Portraits busts include head & shoulders without pedestals

- Psychological insight 

- Portraits painted with great accuracy

- No Flattery

- Highly detailed

- Detailed observation & recording of nature w/ amazing precision

- Elaborate textiles

- Use of symbolism

- Religious themes placed in secular places

- Sacred figures depicted as earthly/ordinary people

- Small size of trees & buildings in relation to people

- Atmospheric Perspective

Four

1. Parchment Makers - transform animal skins into vellum

2. Scribes - Sharpen quills & make own paints

3. Binders - Use metal clasps, leather ties, or fabric ties to keep manuscripts together.

4. Illuminators - work in teams to decorate pages

From Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife by Jan Van Eyck

Removed shoes - Indicates room is a holy place

From Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife by Jan Van Eyck

From Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife by Jan Van Eyck

Single Burning Candle - Eye of God

From Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife by Jan Van Eyck

Broom - Domesticity & likeliness of St. Margaret representing Childbirth

Name the symbolism of Garden of Earthly Delights:

Fruits, Dead fish, Owl, Rats, Raven and Egg

Fruits - Fertility & Sexual Desires

Dead fish - Memories of past joys

Owls - Wisdom and folly - metaphor for power of education

(Owl - also witchcraft & sorcery)

Rats - lies & deceit

Raven - non-believers & magician

Egg - sex (ancient symbol of fertility & transformation)

Which of these terms describes best the Merode Altarpiece by Campin:

Polyptch, diptych, triptch?

- Monumental

-Grandeur

- Dynamic

- Dramatic

- Use of classical orders

- Use of classical elements - pediments & corbels

- Classical vocabulary (column, pediments, niches) re-interpreted on a grander scale

- Gilding

- Use of marbels

- Excessive ornamentation

-Sculpture, painting, wood carving & Architecture interwine

- Symmetrical

- Formality

- Monumental staircases

- Domes

- Ornate portals as special focal points of buildings

- Ovals are classic shapes

- Use of trompe I'oeil paintings - to fool eye & expand space on ceilings

- Intense colors

- Mirrors

- Grandiose

- Elaborate

- Dramatic 

- Unflinchingly didactic

- Judith Slaying Holofernes

- Judith with her Maidservant with The Head of Holofernes

- Susanna & The Elders

Mansard & Le Vau

 Le Notre

Haradouin - Mansart designed.

Charles Le Brun painted & decorated.

- Climate

- Available materials

- topography

- Technology

- Religion

- Social and political circumstances

- Economics

- Taste

- Function

How many panels?

Triptych