Father of photograph

Daguerreotype: direct and made in the camera ona silver-coppper plate

"The mirroe with a memory"

More significant than Daguerreotype for future photography

Lacked beauty and detail found in daguerreotypes

invented calotype process

1851- collodion process (Wet plate)

Glass negatives-contact prints (albumen)

Produced best images thus far

Matthew Brady

Used many photographers to document civil war

Many glass plates were sold for greenhouses

The "glass daguerreotype"

19th century equivalent of the "instant photograph"

Black lacquered tin

coated with collodion

Direct positive 2 1/2 x 4 in 5 minutes

• Introduced the "dry plate" process in 1871
• Used light-sensitive emulsion (gel)
• In use from 1880-1920
• portable darkrooms would no longer be necessary
• The process was much more sensitive to light, and therefore relatively fast shutter speeds were possible.
• led to a greater degree of standardization and quality

• Perfected flexible film (first paper, then cellulose-based)
• Developed new camera for his film (kodak box camera)

• Photography as an acceptable art form with painting and sculpture.
• Married georgia o'keeffe

Documentar - the great depression.

Migrant Mother photo

Cotton picker photo

1st life magazine cover

1st female war correspondent

Best known for his concept of the "decisive moment" in photgraphy

(Guy jumping over water)

"I was finding myself in the landscape of my photography. I might call myself an intruder"

(Shadow on the back of girls head)

Camera determines:

ISO

Shutter speed

aperture

white balance

flash on/off

Auto mode that allows user flexibility

camera determines exposure (shutter speed and aperture)

allows complete control of all settings

very useful for studio work and extreme lighting conditions

•  the variable opening in the lens hat admits light
• Precisely controls the amount of light passsing through the lens

aka: iris or diaphragm

• a measure of the aperture opening.
• define as a lens focal length divided by the aperture diameter. f-stops are sequenced in multiples of the square root of two: 1, 1.4, 1.8, 2, 2.8, 4 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22...etc
• each change in f-stop halves (large number) or doubles (smaller number) the amount of light that enters the lens
• example: f-11 lets in half as much light as f-8
  f-5.6 lets in twice as much light as f-8

the amount of time the shutter is open during exposure. it is the inverse of the number on the dial.

the standard sequence is 1,2,4,8,15,30,60,125,250,1000...where 125 represents 1/125 second...

Amount of light coming through lens and duration.

Scene gets darker slides ß way

Scene gets lighter slides -> way

Direct sunlight – F16 ( shutter speed 500, f-stop 2.8)

opening up means using a wider aperture

stop down means using a smaller aperture

• depth of field is the distance between the nearest and farthest parts of a subject that can be imagined with acceptably sharp detail at one focus setting of the lens
• wide aperture settings (smaller number) produce less depth of field
• small aperture settings (larger number) produce greater depth of field
• the farther the camera from subject-more depth of field
• the closer the camera to subject-less depth of field.
• short focal lengths (wide angle) produce more depth of field
• long focal lengths (telephoto) produce less or shallow depth of field.

• •Wide angle lenses will expand the scene from foreground to background.

   

  •Telephoto lenses will compress the scene from foreground to background.
• •Lens speed

    The aperture is the variable opening in the lens that admits light.

• •A “fast” lens is one with a large maximum aperture or low f-stop number (ex: f-2.8).

   

  •Transmits more light.

  •Ability to use faster shutter speed.

  •Aids focusing
   
  •Normal lenses mimic what we see and therefore look, well, normal.

precisel controls the duration of exposure to light or how long the light is reaching the film or sensor

  compresses an image to useless data…smaller file sizes.

• Other (larger file) formats include TIFF & PSD which allow for saving layers in Photoshop.