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| a subjective feeling that includes arousal (heart-pounding) , cognitions (thought, values and expectations) and expressions (frowns, smiles and running) |
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| set of factors that activate, direct, and mantain behavior usually toward a goal |
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| organisms are motivated to acheive and mantain an optimal level of arousal |
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| motivation begins with a physiological need (a lack or deficiency) that elicits a drive toward behavior that will satisfy the original need: once the need is met a state of balance (homeostasis) is restored and motivation decreases |
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| Maslow's theory that some motives such as physiological (SEX,FOOD, SLEEP) and safety needs must be met before going on to higher needs (such as belonging and self-actualization) |
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| a body's tendency to mantain a relatively stable state, such as constant internal temperature |
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| motivation results external stimuli that "pull" the organism in certain directions |
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| fixed response patterns that are unlearned and found in almost all members of a species |
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| desire to excel especially in competition with others |
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| self starvation and extreme weight loss |
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| intense recurring episodes of binge eating followed by purging through vomiting or taking laxatives |
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| an area of the brain's limbic system involved in emotional responses especially fear |
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| all emotions are physiologically similar and that arousal, behavior and emotion occur simultaneously |
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| facial feedback hypothesis |
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| changes in facial expression produces arousal and emotion |
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| emotion occurs after the body is aroused |
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| Schacter's 2 Factor Theory |
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| arousal alerts the brain to find a reason for the arousal. Once the arousal is labeled, the emotion occurs |
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| emotional intellligence EI |
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| Golemans terms for the ability to know and manage one's emotions, empathsize with others, and mantain satisfying relationships |
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| motivation results from personal enjoyment of a task or activity |
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| motivation based on obvious external rewards or threats of punishmemt |
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| intstrument that measures heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, and skin conductivity to detect emotional arousal which in turn SUPPOSEDLY lying versus truthfulness |
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| unique and relatively stable pattern of thoughts, feelings and actions |
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| statiscal procedure for determining the most basic units or factors in large array of data |
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| trait theory of personality that includes openess , concientiousness, extroversion , agreeableness and neuroticism |
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| relatively stable personal characteristic that can be used to describe someone |
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| according to Jung, the images and patterns of thoughts and feelings and behavior that reside in the collective unconcious |
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| according to horney, the feelings of helplessness and insecurity that adults experience because as children they felt alone and isolated in a hostile environment |
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| Jung's conciousness of a resevoir of inherited, universal experiencecs that all humans share |
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| thoughts or emotions that a person is currently aware of or is remebering |
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| unconcious strategies used to distort reality and relieve anxiety and guilty |
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| the rational part of the psyche the deals with reality by controlling the id while also satisfying the superego |
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| the source of instinctual energy which works on the pleasure principle and is concerned with immediate gratification |
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| adlers idea that the feelings of inferiority devlop from early childhood experiences of helplessness and incompetence |
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| the principle on which the superego may operate which results in feelings of guilt if its rules are violated |
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| period of conflict during the phallic stage whn children are SUPPOSEDLY attracted to the opposite sex parent and hostile to the same sex parent |
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| in Freud's theory the principle on which the id operates- seeking immediate pleasure |
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| Freud's term for thoughts, motives or memories that can be voluntarily be brought to mind |
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| in Freudian theory five developmental periods (oral, anal , phallic, latency, and genital) during which particular kinds of pleasures must be gratified if personality devleopment is to proceed normally |
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| according to freud the principle on which the concious ego operates operates as it tries to meet the demands of the id and the superego and the realities of the environment |
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| Freud's first and most basic defense mechanism which blocks unacceptable impulses from coming into awareness |
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| in freud's theory the part of the personality that incorporates parental and soceital standards for morality |
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| Freud's term for thoughts motives and memories blocked from normal awareness |
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| Maslow's term for the inborn drive to develop all one's talents and capabilites |
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| Roger's term for all the information and beliefs individuals have about their own nature qualities and behavior |
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| unconditional positive regard |
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| Roger's term for love and acceptance with no contingencies attahced |
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| Bandura's belief that cognitions, behaviors and the environment interact to produce personality |
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| Bandura's term for a person's learned expectations of sucess |
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| the needs and goals of the group are emphasized over the needs and goals of the individual |
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| the needs and goals of the individual are emphasized over the needs and goals of the group |
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| Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory |
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| the most widely researched and clinically used self-report personalty test |
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| psychological test using ambiguous stimuli such as inkblots or drawings, which allow the test taker to project his/her unconcious onto the test material |
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| a projective tests that presents a set of 10 cards with smmetrical abstract patterns known as inkblots and asks respondents to describe what they "see" in the image;their response is thought to be a projection of unconcious process |
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| Thematic Apperception Test |
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| a projective test that shows a series of ambiguous balck and white pictures and asks the test taker to create a story related to each the responees the responses presumably reflect a projection of unconsios preocesses |
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